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3. The Structure of Individual Sections of Zechariah 185 nnto occurs very close to DD 1 ? twice, in v. 7, emphasizing and expanding the idea of rejoicing by adding 'their sons'. This latter word is, of course, very common, but in vv. 7 and 9 the identical form occurs. It also reminds us of the twice repeated ~p]3 in 9.13. The same distinctive form D^npK is found in vv. 8 and 10. aitf occurs in qal as the last word of v. 9, and in hiphil as the first word of v. 10, where it introduces a small chiasmus, as noted above. Within this it is possible that f ~i» is used to draw attention to the contrast between coming back from bondage in the land of Egypt, and spreading out into the land of Gilead and Lebanon, through increased numbers. It is not that these connections can be proved, but we cannot rule them out. The final section, 11.1-3, which we noted as needing separate consideration in Chapter 2, has a high concentration of repeated words. In addition three important words occur in 10.11-12 and 11.1-3. We should also note ]TV, the last word of 11.3, which is similar to TV. Taking into account these repeated words, the form-critical results noted in our discussion of the divisions of the text, and the progression of thought in this section, we obtain this plan: Ch. 10 1 Ask from Yahweh rain. .. (expanded) Exhortation to ask ram-showers. .. Yahweh for rain. 2 For the teraphim speak wickedness. .. Reason: other and dreamers speak vanity. .. sources useless. Therefore. .. sheep. .. no run Result of trusting other sources 3 Upon D'lm my anger is hot... Yahweh declares saving and upon he-goats (leaders) I will visit intention For Yahweh. .. visits ... his flock. .. Narrator's comment house ofJudah and make them like proud horse in battle 4 From/out of (4x) (Judah) will come/go (continuing) rus, irv, battle bow, (0313 together. 1 1. "unia is taken to refer to Judah by the majority of commentators, including Baldwin who allows that it might refer 'just possibly to the Lord' (Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi, p. 174). Should it have the same sense each time it occurs? In other words, does it mean that Judah (or just possibly the Lord) will supply cornerstone, tent peg, battle bow and to3T3? If we accept MT with its final rtrr then the answer is yes. We must then accept the translation 'ruler' in a good sense, as in
186 Structure and the Book ofZechariah 5 And they. .. like D'TOJ in mud of streets in battle. And they will fight (nrf?) (continuing) for Yahweh with them D'Oio '2DT ntf'nvn 6 *]ov n'D. . .mrr ira n« 'iron... save Yahweh gives a DTratfm for I... and they will be... promise to his for I Yahweh am their God and people I will answer them 7 And they will be like a ~raa, Ephraim (continuing?) and their heart will be glad. .. wine and their sons will see and be glad and their heart will rejoice in Yahweh 8 And I will signal. . .nxnpK (continuing) for I redeemed and they will be as were many 9 And I will sow them 1 among peoples. .. (continuing) from afar will remember and they will live with their sons 'Dttfi 2 10 Dnso_pRojrnu < g>m (continuing) D¥3pK_Tlg>KD1 DK'2K Jin^l "ttfo pK *7K1 Drf? KXD' K 1 ?! (only) Isa. 60.17 (BOB, p. 620; Isa. 3.12 is at best doubtful), and not the normal meaning 'oppressor'. Cf. Amsler etal., Agee, Zacharie, Malachi, p. 166; Lamarche, Zacharie 9-14, p. 56. If we allow a play on words with 'out of it' then the first two would mean that Judah supplies the leaders; the second two would imply an end to war and oppression. I do not think rus can be applied in this way to foreign rulers. Even in Isa. 19.13, applied ironically to the princes of Zoan and Memphis, it retains the sense of something good and reliable. Rudolph wants to take KX' with (033 alone and translates the final part of the verse: 'zugleich verschwindet aus ihm jegliche Tyrann' (Haggai, pp. 192, 196). 1. Verse 9 is difficult, and it is easy to see why many commentators (e.g. Rudolph, Haggai, pp. 193, 197-98, and Mitchell, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi and Jonah, p. 292) regard it as an interruption. MT's pointing of DinrRi (which is confirmed by LXX, Syr., and Targ.; Sa?b0, 'Die deuterosacharjanische Frage', p. 68) implies a conditional (cf. Mitchell) or future (Lacocque) tense. The use of Jnr is stronger than the more usual mr, for 'sowing implies a harvest and so conveys hops' (Baldwin, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi, p. 176). 2. Vulg. and Targ. confirm MT's 'they will live with their sons'; LXX and Syr. read 'they will bring up their children' (vm; Rudolph, Haggai, p. 194).
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journal for the study of the old te
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Structure and the Book of Zechariah
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CONTENTS Preface 7 Table of Figures
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PREFACE This book was conceived in
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TABLE OF FIGURES 1. Patterns in the
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JBL JEOL JETS JNES JR JSOT JSS JTS
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INTRODUCTION This book has two mutu
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Introduction 15 studies are entirel
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Introduction 17 1. Small individual
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1. Investigating Structure 19 a uni
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1. Investigating Structure 21 in th
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Psalm 3 [Gibbs [Auffret Psalm 4 [Gi
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1. Investigating Structure 25 repet
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1. Investigating Structure 27 The a
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1. Investigating Structure 29 In de
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1. Investigating Structure 31 for e
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1. Investigating Structure 33 2. Th
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1. Investigating Structure 35 Schol
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1. Investigating Structure 37 shoul
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1. Investigating Structure 39 The f
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1. Investigating Structure 41 Jerem
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1. Investigating Structure 43 1. 2.
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1. Investigating Structure 45 The s
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1. Investigating Structure 47 scept
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1. Investigating Structure 49 the c
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1. Investigating Structure 51 Coven
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1. Investigating Structure 53 Theor
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1. Investigating Structure 55 a *7i
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1. Investigating Structure 57 surer
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1. Investigating Structure 59 3. We
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1. Investigating Structure 61 e. At
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2. Division of Zechariah 63 usually
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2. Division of Zechariah 65 2.1-4:
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2. Division of Zechariah 67 2.77: I
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2. Division of Zechariah 69 5.1-4:
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2. Division of Zechariah 71 peoples
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2. Division of Zechariah 73 prepare
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2. Division of Zechariah 75 10.Iff.
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2. Division of Zechariah 77 10.1-11
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Main investigation (computer result
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Verses 1 Word 1 ehn 1 2 ntf 3 3 DTT
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3. The Structure of Individual Sect
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Verses Word 1 2 3 4 56 7 8 9 10 11
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Verses 1 2 3 4 Word MR (2) r» ( 3
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4. Connections Between Sections ofZ
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5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 4. Connect
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9 4. Connections Between Sections o
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5. Conclusions 303 However, in orde
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5. Conclusions 305 what the author/
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Bibliography 307 Good, R.M., 'Zecha
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Bibliography 309 Tidwell, N.L.A., '
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Bibliography 311 De Roche, M., 'Str
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Bibliography 313 Loader, J.A., Pola
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Bibliography 315 Veimes, G., Script
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30 34.22-23 46.3-4 58 68.10-11 71.2
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1-2 1 1.1-17 1.1-6 1.1 1.2-6 1.2 1.
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5.7 5.9 5.10 5.11 6-8 6 6.1-8 6.1 6
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9.11-17 9.11 9.12-10.10 9.12 9.13 9
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Matthew 21.1-11 27.10 180 210 Index
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Kikawada, I.M. 48 Kline, M.G. 275 K
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