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4. Connections Between Sections ofZechariah 1-14 255 Babylon (cf. 2.11) go to the house of Josiah max n, the one whose name mysteriously becomes |n in v. 14. This is speculative. However, the exiles from Babylon are a visible sign of the fulfilment of the prophecy in 2.10-11. Both passages, of course, are additions to the series of night visions. 1 D'otfn mrm in~iK occurs in 2.10, 'I have spread you abroad as the four winds', and in 6.5, 'These are going forth as the four winds of heaven'. In other places m~i means 'spirit'. There is presumably a deliberate reference to this by the one who added 2.10. 'PID occurs in the exhortation: 'Escape to Zion, you who dwell with the daughter of Babylon' (2.11) and in the reference to '.. .the exiles who have arrived from Babylon' (6.10). They are a visible sign of the fulfilment of the prophecy of 2.11, and the phrase thereby gains in significance. Both passages, again, are additions to the vision reports. The most obvious parallel is that between the centres of 2.13-15 and the whole section Zechariah 7-8: '[many nations]... shall be my people' and '.. .they shall be my people and I will be their God'. We noted above the similar passage in 13.9b. Closely associated with this is the phrase 'I will dwell in the midst of you/Jerusalem' (2.14, 15; 8.3, 8). It is noteworthy that the parallels which exist are only brought about by redactional passages. This adds weight to the view that we are dealing with an editor different from Zechariah himself. It also seems likely that we have further evidence of his concern to produce a logical overall structure. In the original visions themselves we have discovered few verbal parallels that would link them together. The introductory formulae cannot definitely be regarded as part of the original visions. A look at the table above also reveals a number of words that occur in 2.10-17 and ch. 14. Most of these are not significant: 013, pax, W3, ITP, pbn are used differently in the two sections. There is some parallel between the reversal of plundered and plunderer in 2.13 and 14.1 C?"?ttf) but there is not enough to indicate a conscious attempt to link the two. The same applies to the mention of ehp in the climax to 2.10-16 and 14.16-21. The only clear link between Zechariah 2 and 9-14 is 2.14.##l-7. 2 1. I have not found support for this suggestion in any commentary and should not lay any weight on it. 2. Mason (Zechariah 9-14, pp. 40-41), draws attention to the similarity
256 Structure and the Book ofZechariah 'Eye' in Zechariah The relevant references are as follows: 2.12 iri> rcm MJ DM urn 'r 3.9 DTJ) matf ma pK 'PI? 4.10 5.6 9.1 p»n 'wa D'coitfn nan m.T TI? n^K pnn taa nri> nw D-M j'tf nvr 1 ? o 9.8 rna 'mn nm> o 11.17 12.4 14.12 iro' j'j> 'PIN iimr ^ ain ri> nK npsn rnvr m "PIM p'~ra rapon rrm v*?n ^u nn^ Kim Phrases such as 'I lifted my eyes...' have been omitted in accordance with previous discussion, although they might still have a part to play in building up an emphasis on 'eyes' and 'seeing'. We saw that the (slightly varying) phrase served to link together visions 2, 3, 6, 7 and 8. This aspect of the book of Zechariah does not seem to have received the attention which it deserves. Sasb0 comments that the use of ]T in 9.8 points to Zecharianic sources, where the concept plays a decisive role. 1 He does not elaborate. We cannot undertake a full investigation of these passages, but must concentrate on possible links between them. First, I shall deal with chs. 3 and 4. In Zechariah 3, the word ]*£, which is related to the 'stone' set before Joshua, could mean 'eye', 'spring' or 'facet'; the context has to do with cleansing. A fairly obvious translation, therefore, would be: For behold the stone which I set before Joshua. Upon?/by? one stone there are seven springs; behold I am opening its openings. .. and I will remove the ]W of that land in one day. The main problem with this is the awkwardness of the translation in 3.9, for it is not clear how the reader would be expected to visualize seven springs related to one stone. This does not seem insuperable, especially if Lipiriski is right in understanding 'on a single stone' as an idiom for 'at one and the same time'. 2 Moreover, there could well be between Zech. 2.14 and 9.9, and also Zeph. 3.14-20 (which has the verbs, |n, i>'-in, nnfo and \by). See on Zech. 9.9-10 below. 1. Sacharja9-14, p. 161. 2. E. Lipiriski, 'Recherches sur le livre de Zacharie', VT 20 (1970), pp. 25-30. He says: 'Celle-ci fait en realite pendant a inK DV3 "en un seul jour", formule utilise a
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journal for the study of the old te
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Structure and the Book of Zechariah
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CONTENTS Preface 7 Table of Figures
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PREFACE This book was conceived in
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TABLE OF FIGURES 1. Patterns in the
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JBL JEOL JETS JNES JR JSOT JSS JTS
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INTRODUCTION This book has two mutu
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Introduction 15 studies are entirel
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Introduction 17 1. Small individual
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1. Investigating Structure 19 a uni
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1. Investigating Structure 21 in th
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Psalm 3 [Gibbs [Auffret Psalm 4 [Gi
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1. Investigating Structure 25 repet
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1. Investigating Structure 27 The a
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1. Investigating Structure 29 In de
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1. Investigating Structure 31 for e
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1. Investigating Structure 33 2. Th
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1. Investigating Structure 35 Schol
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1. Investigating Structure 37 shoul
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1. Investigating Structure 39 The f
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1. Investigating Structure 41 Jerem
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1. Investigating Structure 43 1. 2.
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1. Investigating Structure 45 The s
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1. Investigating Structure 47 scept
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1. Investigating Structure 49 the c
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1. Investigating Structure 51 Coven
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1. Investigating Structure 53 Theor
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1. Investigating Structure 55 a *7i
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1. Investigating Structure 57 surer
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1. Investigating Structure 59 3. We
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1. Investigating Structure 61 e. At
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2. Division of Zechariah 63 usually
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2. Division of Zechariah 65 2.1-4:
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2. Division of Zechariah 67 2.77: I
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2. Division of Zechariah 69 5.1-4:
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2. Division of Zechariah 71 peoples
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2. Division of Zechariah 73 prepare
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2. Division of Zechariah 75 10.Iff.
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2. Division of Zechariah 77 10.1-11
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Main investigation (computer result
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Verses 1 Word 1 ehn 1 2 ntf 3 3 DTT
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3. The Structure of Individual Sect
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Verses Word 1 2 3 4 56 7 8 9 10 11
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Verses 1 2 3 4 Word MR (2) r» ( 3
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Chapter 7 Verses Word 1 3 rfrt 2 1
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Chapter 9 Verses 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15
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Chapter 11 Verses Word 4 5 6 7 8 *T
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5. Conclusions 305 what the author/
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Bibliography 307 Good, R.M., 'Zecha
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Bibliography 309 Tidwell, N.L.A., '
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Bibliography 311 De Roche, M., 'Str
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Bibliography 313 Loader, J.A., Pola
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Bibliography 315 Veimes, G., Script
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30 34.22-23 46.3-4 58 68.10-11 71.2
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1-2 1 1.1-17 1.1-6 1.1 1.2-6 1.2 1.
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5.7 5.9 5.10 5.11 6-8 6 6.1-8 6.1 6
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9.11-17 9.11 9.12-10.10 9.12 9.13 9
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Matthew 21.1-11 27.10 180 210 Index
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Kikawada, I.M. 48 Kline, M.G. 275 K
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