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154 EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG ABUSE—Newark PMSA Exhibit 9. Numbers 1 and Percentages of Adult/Adolescent Cases Living with HIV/AIDS in New Jersey by Exposure Category, Race/Ethnicity and Gender as of June 30, 2004 Adult/Adolescent AIDS Males Females Total Cases Exposure Category N (%) N (%) N (%) Men/sex/men (MSM) 6,035 29 0 0 6,035 19 Injection drug user (IDU) 6,661 32 3,605 32 10,266 32 IDU/MSM 875 4 0 0 875 3 Heterosexual Contact 2,314 11 4,394 39 6,708 21 Other/Unknown 4,673 23 3,134 28 7,807 25 TOTAL Race/Ethnicity 20,558 100 11,133 100 31,691 100 White 5,178 25 1,948 17 7,126 22 Black 10,633 51 7,279 63 17,912 55 Hispanic 4,723 23 2,069 18 6,792 21 Asian/Pacific Islander 151 1 59 1 210 1 Other/Unknown 222 1 139 1 361 1 TOTAL 20,907 100 11,494 100 32,401 100 1 Total number of cases for race/ethnicity includes pediatric cases, exposure category does not. SOURCE: New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Division of AIDS Prevention and Control Exhibit 10. Race/Ethnicity of Cases Living with HIV/AIDS as of June 30, 2004: Newark City Race/Ethnicity Adult/Adolescent N (%) Pediatric N (%) N Total (%) White, Non-Hispanic # # # # 193 3 Black, Non-Hispanic 4,476 79 86 89 4,562 79 Hispanic 971 17 8 8 979 17 Other # # # # 53 1 TOTAL 5,690 100 97 100 5,787 100 # Indicates that number is not shown due to small cell size, in accordance with NJDHSS security and confidentiality policies. SOURCE: New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Division of AIDS Prevention and Control Exhibit 11. Adult/Adolescent Cases Living with HIV/AIDS in Newark City by Exposure Category and Gender as of June 30, 2004 Exposure Category N Males (%) N Females (%) N Total (%) Men/sex/men (MSM) 559 17 0 0 559 10 Injection drug user (IDU) 1,317 40 849 37 2,166 39 IDU/MSM 161 5 0 0 161 3 Heterosexual Contact 493 15 888 39 1,381 25 Other/Unknown 801 24 552 24 1,353 24 TOTAL 3,331 100 2,289 100 5,620 100 SOURCE: New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Division of AIDS Prevention and Control Proceedings of the Community Epidemiology Work Group, Vol. II, January 2005
EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG ABUSE—New Orleans Drug Abuse Indicators in New Orleans Gail Thornton-Collins 1 ABSTRACT Cocaine, especially crack, remains a major problem in New Orleans, although indicators suggest some decline in abuse of this drug. Heroin indicators are also declining. A growing problem is the abuse of narcotic analgesics. Admissions for opiates other than heroin accounted for 11–21 percent of all admissions in four parishes and between 5 and 9 percent in the other four. Marijuana continues to be a major drug of abuse, accounting for a large proportion of drug arrests in 2003 and for nearly 53 percent of the items analyzed by NFLIS in FY 2004. Also, admissions for primary marijuana abuse exceeded those for all other substances for the first time in fiscal year 2004. Treatment admissions data from eight other parishes for FY 2004 show that alcohol, cocaine, and marijuana accounted for large proportions of primary admissions. INTRODUCTION Area Description New Orleans is located in southern Louisiana. The city covers 366 square miles, of which 164 are water. About one-half of the metropolitan area’s 1.3 million inhabitants live in Orleans Parish, the largest of Louisiana’s 64 parishes. The State has a total population of about 4.5 million people. Serviced by several deep-water ports, New Orleans is located at the connection of two principal waterways: the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway and the Mississippi River. Barge lines, ocean carriers, and truck lines serve the Port of New Orleans. Exhibit 1 shows the race/ethnicity breakdown for both New Orleans and the State of Louisiana in 2000 and estimates for 2003. As shown, New Orleans had a much higher percentage of African-Americans (67.3 vs. 32.5 percent) and a much lower percentage of Whites (28.1 vs. 63.9 percent) than the State in 2000. Data Sources Information for this report was collected from the sources described below: 1 The author is affiliated with the New Orleans Health Department, New Orleans, Louisiana. • Emergency department (ED) data for January–June 2004 were accessed through the Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) Live! restricted access online query system, which is administered by the Office of Applied Studies (OAS), Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Nineteen of the 21 eligible hospitals in the New Orleans metropolitan area are in the DAWN sample, with a total of 21 EDs in the sample. (Some hospitals have more than one ED.) The data reported in this paper were not complete. During the 6-month period, between 8 and 11 of the 19 EDs in the DAWN sample reported data each month. The data in this paper were updated by OAS on December 13, 2004; they are unweighted and are not estimates for the new Orleans area. Since all DAWN cases are reviewed for quality control, and may be corrected or deleted, the data reported here are subject to change. The information derived from DAWN Live! represent drug reports in drug-related visits; reports exceed the number of ED visits because a patient may report use of multiple drugs (up to six drugs and alcohol may be represented in DAWN). This paper presents data on “Illicit Drugs of Abuse” (excluding “Alcohol Only” for patients under 21) and nonmedical use of two prescription-type drugs. These data cannot be compared with DAWN data from 2002 and before, nor can these preliminary data be used for comparison with future data. Only weighted ED data released by SAMHSA can be used for trend analysis. A full description of the DAWN system can be found at the DAWN Web site . • Drug treatment data were provided by the Louisiana State Office for Addictive Disorders and by not-for-profit treatment facilities for Orleans Parish for fiscal year (FY) 1995 through FY 2004, when 2,306 persons were treated in New Orleans Parish. (Fiscal years run July through June.) Data for FY 2004 in eight of the largest parishes in the State are also reported. • Drug arrest data were provided by the New Orleans Police Department (NOPD) for 2002– Proceedings of the Community Epidemiology Work Group, Vol. II, January 2005 155
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE EP
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Foreword This publication includes
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EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG ABUSE
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2 EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG ABUS
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Epidemiology of Drug Abuse: CEWG Ar
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• The city of Atlanta has become
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In the first 6 months of 2004, trea
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eports (exhibit 2), while African-A
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population) than in 2002 (17.2 per
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16 EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG ABU
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data from the Drug Abuse Warning Ne
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than age 18, compared to 4 percent
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More often than not, marijuana use
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Solomon, L.; Flynn, C.; Muck, K.; e
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• Logan International Airport and
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In 2002, heroin/morphine was indica
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The FY 2004 racial distribution for
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• Emergency department (ED) drug
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monly mentioned secondary drug amon
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Between 2001 and 2003, the Illinois
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In the NIHU Study, 20 percent of pa
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Ecstasy remained available in most
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66 and analyzed by the Division of
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ounce in the Denver metropolitan ar
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18 at the time of admission to trea
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Injecting had been the most common
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alcohol; 651 involved alcohol-in-co
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The economy in Hawai'i, after a dec
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Methamphetamine remains the leading
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methamphetamine, representing 76.5
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Of interest in this chart is the ag
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98 weighted DAWN data released by S
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A total of 5,425 cocaine arrests wa
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data, however, rising from 1.5 perc
Page 110 and 111: According to NDIC, California and M
Page 112 and 113: and 15 items were identified as pse
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Page 130 and 131: Beginning in 2003, SAMHSA’s natio
Page 132 and 133: 65 percent were older than 34. The
Page 134 and 135: the 1,198 drug abuse ED reports in
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Page 144 and 145: tion was injection (62.9 percent),
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Page 174 and 175: that crack sells for about $28,000-
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206 EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG AB
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212 2004. Data from 2000-2002 DAWN
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purity dropped to 14.4 percent in 2
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No recent GHB incidents or deaths w
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correspond to decreases in total ad
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228 reports in drug-related visits;
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Marijuana Arrests for marijuana-rel
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positivity. UHS staff believe, on t
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236 are not estimates for the repor
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were evident. Excluding missing dat
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The characteristics of other opiate
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June 2004 (exhibit 6c). A minority
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Deaths involving depressants were a
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imipramine) are an older class of m
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The term “lag” refers to the pe
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costs $1,200-$1,500, compared with
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ties. In the DFW area, Mexican mari
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The 2004 secondary school survey re
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nio and two 2-ounce bottles cost $1
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age may be partially due to the fac
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York and Miami (Pach et al. 2002).
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In 2003, heroin was the primary sub
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opolitan Police Department report t
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International Report
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Among GTC patients, marijuana was t
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Others (63.8 percent) were using a
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Panel on Methamphetamine Abuse: NID
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Appendix A New Drug Abuse Warning N
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DAWN LIVE! The new DAWN includes ca
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Participant List National Institute
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Janie B. Dargan, M.S.W. Policy Anal
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Martin P. Paulus, M.D. Associate Pr
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