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218 EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG ABUSE—St. Louis Exhibit 1a. Combined Indicators for Cocaine, Heroin, Marijuana, and Methamphetamine in St. Louis: 1996−June 2004 (Cont’d) Indicator Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Treatment Admissions Data Methamphetamine Illicit Drug Admissions (%) (2003) 34.6 10.1 27.2 4.7 Illicit Drug Admissions (%) (1H2004) 33.6 10.8 29.6 4.2 Gender (%) (1H2004) Male Female Age (%) (1H2004) 12–17 18–25 26–34 35 and older Race/Ethnicity (%) (1H2004) White African-American Hispanic Route of Administration (%) (1H2004) Smoking Intranasal Injecting Oral 54.9 45.1 0.6 8.0 24.0 67.4 26.1 73.3 1.1 90.7 5.1 1.7 1.6 62.5 37.5 0.8 34.9 25.6 38.6 40.1 59.0 0.9 4.1 37.3 52.9 1.0 SOURCES: DAWN, OAS, SAMHSA; DAWN Live!, OAS, SAMHSA, updated 12/2004; TEDS database Exhibit 1b. Other Combined Indicators for Cocaine, Heroin, Marijuana, and Methamphetamine in St. Louis: 2002–2004 Indicator Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Methamphetamine and Other Drugs Multisubstance Older users com- Older users com- alcohol Marijuana com- Combinations bine with heroin, bine with cocaine, monly used in alcohol alcohol combination Market Data (2002–2003) Powder $100– $20/cap or foil; $10 Sinsemilla $700– Methamphetamine $125/g, 70% pure; per number-5 gel $1,800/lb, 20% $100–$120/g, Crack $20/rock, capsule; $1.00– THC; Imported Mexican (20–30%) 50–90% pure; $1.93/mg pure— $2,000−$4,000/lb and local (70–80% eightball $300 depending if MBT, pure); hydromor- SA, SWA, $250– phone$30–$75/4- $600/g, 13.9– mg pill; LSD blot- 23.2% pure ters $2–$7/35 microgram,OxyContin $40/80 mg Qualitative Data Readily available, Younger users, 1/3 Readily available, Rural/suburban urban choice younger than 25 2/3 in treatment users of ampheta- younger than 25 mine Other Data of Note N/R 1 Primarily Mexican N/R Methamphetamine black tar; young lab seizures pla- users smoke/snort teaued; major producers are superlabs–controlled by Hispanic groups 1 N/R=Not reported. SOURCES: DEA; client ethnographic information 74.0 26.0 25.5 40.1 20.3 14.1 41.1 57.9 1.0 95.8 0.3 0.1 1.6 54.2 45.8 4.4 32.6 36.5 26.5 98.9 0.2 0.0 47.0 14.9 33.3 4.0 Proceedings of the Community Epidemiology Work Group, Vol. II, January 2005
EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG ABUSE—St. Louis Exhibit 2. Persons Living with HIV Disease in St. Louis Metropolitan Area by Exposure Category, Gender, Race/Ethnicity, and Age: Year-to-Date and Cumulative Totals Reported Through May 2004 HIV-Positive Test Results Category Jan 2004–May 2004 Cumulative Through May 2004 Number (Percent) Number (Percent) Exposure Category MSM 61 (50.0) 4,583 (70.0) IDU 6 (5.0) 301 (5.0) IDU/MSM 3 (2.0) 319 (5.0) Hemophilia 0 (0.0) 58 (1.0) Heterosexual 12 (10.0) 920 (14.0) Blood transfusion 0 (0.0) 34 (0.2) Perinatal 0 (0.0) 41 (1.0) Unknown 41 (33.0) 267 (4.0) Total Gender and Race/Ethnicity Male 123 6,523 White 40 (33.0) 2,914 (45.0) African-American 62 (51.0) 2,582 (40.0) Hispanic 1 (0.0) 79 (1.0) Other 1 (0.0) 19 (0.0) Unknown Female 0 (0) 59 (1.0) White 4 (3.0) 170 (3.0) African-American 14 (12.0) 671 (10.0) Hispanic 2 (0.0) 15 (0.0) Other Age 0 (0.0) 13 (0.0) 12 and younger 0 (0.0) 53 (1.0) 13−19 5 (4.0) 160 (2.4) 20−29 39 (32.0) 1,644 (25.2) 30−39 30 (24.0) 2,799 (43.0) 40−49 41 (33.0) 1332 (20.4) 50 and older 8 (7.0) 522 (8.0) Unknown 0 (0) 13 (0.0) Total 123 6,523 SOURCE: St. Louis Metropolitan AIDS Program Proceedings of the Community Epidemiology Work Group, Vol. II, January 2005 219
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE EP
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Foreword This publication includes
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EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG ABUSE
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2 EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG ABUS
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Epidemiology of Drug Abuse: CEWG Ar
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• The city of Atlanta has become
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In the first 6 months of 2004, trea
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eports (exhibit 2), while African-A
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population) than in 2002 (17.2 per
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16 EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG ABU
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data from the Drug Abuse Warning Ne
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than age 18, compared to 4 percent
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More often than not, marijuana use
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Solomon, L.; Flynn, C.; Muck, K.; e
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• Logan International Airport and
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In 2002, heroin/morphine was indica
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The FY 2004 racial distribution for
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• Emergency department (ED) drug
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monly mentioned secondary drug amon
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Between 2001 and 2003, the Illinois
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In the NIHU Study, 20 percent of pa
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Ecstasy remained available in most
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66 and analyzed by the Division of
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ounce in the Denver metropolitan ar
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18 at the time of admission to trea
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Injecting had been the most common
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alcohol; 651 involved alcohol-in-co
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The economy in Hawai'i, after a dec
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Methamphetamine remains the leading
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methamphetamine, representing 76.5
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Of interest in this chart is the ag
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98 weighted DAWN data released by S
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A total of 5,425 cocaine arrests wa
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data, however, rising from 1.5 perc
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According to NDIC, California and M
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and 15 items were identified as pse
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most frequently reported secondary
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esidents are living with advanced H
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112 EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG AB
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(DAWN) that monitors emergency depa
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Beginning in 2003, SAMHSA’s natio
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65 percent were older than 34. The
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the 1,198 drug abuse ED reports in
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“Crystal” or smokeable methamph
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tion was injection (62.9 percent),
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included reports of ED cases involv
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From November 10 to 16, 2004, 18 me
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NFLIS between October 2003 and Sept
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from 12.2 percent in the first half
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156 2003. Anecdotal information on
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Brownsville, and El Paso. African-A
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ground economy, it was estimated th
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According to street interviews, mos
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Page 190 and 191: the deaths, while Whites constitute
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Page 204 and 205: Marijuana is widely available in Ar
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Page 248 and 249: June 2004 (exhibit 6c). A minority
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Page 252 and 253: imipramine) are an older class of m
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Page 270 and 271: costs $1,200-$1,500, compared with
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The 2004 secondary school survey re
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nio and two 2-ounce bottles cost $1
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age may be partially due to the fac
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York and Miami (Pach et al. 2002).
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In 2003, heroin was the primary sub
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opolitan Police Department report t
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International Report
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Among GTC patients, marijuana was t
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Others (63.8 percent) were using a
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Panel on Methamphetamine Abuse: NID
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Appendix A New Drug Abuse Warning N
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DAWN LIVE! The new DAWN includes ca
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Participant List National Institute
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Janie B. Dargan, M.S.W. Policy Anal
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Martin P. Paulus, M.D. Associate Pr
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