NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE EPIDEMIOLOGIC ...

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positivity. UHS staff believe, on the basis of earlier HCV antibody testing, that true prevalence is between 90 and 95 percent. This has enormous implications for the long-term health of San Francisco’s IDU population—not only the current user population estimated at 18,700, but also the possibly much larger 232 EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG ABUSE—San Francisco Bay Area number with past (or future) injection drug use. “Coinfection” is also a serious problem; a 2003 study by the University of California at San Francisco found that 73 percent of homeless and marginally housed people with HIV were also infected with hepatitis C. For inquiries concerning this report, please contact John A. Newmeyer, Ph.D., Epidemiologist, Haight-Ashbury Free Clinics, Inc., 612 Clayton Street, 2nd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94117, Phone: 415-931-5420, Fax: 415-776-8823, E-mail: jnewmeyer@aol.com. Proceedings of the Community Epidemiology Work Group, Vol. II, January 2005
EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG ABUSE—San Francisco Bay Area Exhibit 1. Admissions to Drug Treatment Programs in the San Francisco Bay Area by Primary Drug of Abuse: 1999–2004 Drug 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1 Cocaine 8,727 7,718 7,428 6,746 7,111 7,126 Heroin 19,763 17,416 14,673 11,461 9,893 9,628 Amphetamine 4,595 4,469 5,073 5,636 6,435 6,882 All Drugs 36,069 32,034 30,920 28,329 27,607 27,748 1 Figures for 2004 are projected from data for the first half of the year. SOURCE: California Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs (DADP) Exhibit 2. Admissions to Drug Treatment Programs in San Francisco County by Primary Drug of Abuse: FYs 2000–2004 Drug FY 2000 FY 2001 FY 2002 FY 2003 FY 2004 Cocaine 2,600 2,306 2,440 2,274 2,527 Heroin 4,030 3,867 4,002 3,700 3,646 Amphetamine 1,008 991 1,053 1,144 1,235 Marijuana 915 867 1,067 1,110 950 Alcohol 3,987 3,581 3,147 3,153 2,680 All Drugs 8,690 8,191 8,764 8,406 8,520 All Drugs and Alcohol 12,677 11,772 11,911 11,559 11,200 SOURCE: San Francisco Department of Public Health Exhibit 3. Medical Examiner Drug Mentions in Three Counties (Including San Francisco): 1997–2002 Drug 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Cocaine 127 158 158 146 106 90 Heroin/Morphine 159 164 192 148 117 95 Methamphetamine 49 45 58 45 32 38 Narcotic Analgesics 156 185 198 164 124 125 Benzodiazepines 71 62 50 55 56 34 Club Drugs 1 6 6 5 4 1 Includes MDMA, ketamine, GHB, GBL, and Rohypnol. SOURCE: DAWN, OAS, SAMHSA Proceedings of the Community Epidemiology Work Group, Vol. II, January 2005 233
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NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE EP
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Foreword This publication includes
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EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG ABUSE
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2 EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG ABUS
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Epidemiology of Drug Abuse: CEWG Ar
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• The city of Atlanta has become
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In the first 6 months of 2004, trea
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eports (exhibit 2), while African-A
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population) than in 2002 (17.2 per
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16 EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG ABU
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data from the Drug Abuse Warning Ne
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than age 18, compared to 4 percent
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More often than not, marijuana use
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Solomon, L.; Flynn, C.; Muck, K.; e
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• Logan International Airport and
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In 2002, heroin/morphine was indica
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The FY 2004 racial distribution for
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• Emergency department (ED) drug
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monly mentioned secondary drug amon
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Between 2001 and 2003, the Illinois
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In the NIHU Study, 20 percent of pa
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Ecstasy remained available in most
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66 and analyzed by the Division of
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ounce in the Denver metropolitan ar
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18 at the time of admission to trea
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Injecting had been the most common
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alcohol; 651 involved alcohol-in-co
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The economy in Hawai'i, after a dec
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Methamphetamine remains the leading
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methamphetamine, representing 76.5
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Of interest in this chart is the ag
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98 weighted DAWN data released by S
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A total of 5,425 cocaine arrests wa
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data, however, rising from 1.5 perc
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According to NDIC, California and M
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and 15 items were identified as pse
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most frequently reported secondary
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esidents are living with advanced H
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112 EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG AB
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(DAWN) that monitors emergency depa
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Beginning in 2003, SAMHSA’s natio
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65 percent were older than 34. The
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the 1,198 drug abuse ED reports in
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“Crystal” or smokeable methamph
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tion was injection (62.9 percent),
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included reports of ED cases involv
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From November 10 to 16, 2004, 18 me
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NFLIS between October 2003 and Sept
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from 12.2 percent in the first half
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156 2003. Anecdotal information on
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Brownsville, and El Paso. African-A
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ground economy, it was estimated th
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According to street interviews, mos
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that crack sells for about $28,000-
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Benloton, X-man, 911, Lean Back, Se
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DAWN ME mentions for marijuana-invo
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ecstasy. MDMA ED mentions may be st
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Page 188 and 189: EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS IN DRUG ABUSE
Page 190 and 191: the deaths, while Whites constitute
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Page 202 and 203: ADHS/DBHS reported that more than o
Page 204 and 205: Marijuana is widely available in Ar
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Page 222 and 223: No recent GHB incidents or deaths w
Page 228 and 229: correspond to decreases in total ad
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Page 236 and 237: Marijuana Arrests for marijuana-rel
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Page 244 and 245: were evident. Excluding missing dat
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Page 252 and 253: imipramine) are an older class of m
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Page 270 and 271: costs $1,200-$1,500, compared with
Page 272 and 273: ties. In the DFW area, Mexican mari
Page 274 and 275: The 2004 secondary school survey re
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York and Miami (Pach et al. 2002).
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In 2003, heroin was the primary sub
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opolitan Police Department report t
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International Report
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Among GTC patients, marijuana was t
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Others (63.8 percent) were using a
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Panel on Methamphetamine Abuse: NID
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Appendix A New Drug Abuse Warning N
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DAWN LIVE! The new DAWN includes ca
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Participant List National Institute
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Janie B. Dargan, M.S.W. Policy Anal
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Martin P. Paulus, M.D. Associate Pr
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