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the syntax and semantics of relativization and quantification

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85<br />

<strong>the</strong>se two facts: since weak quantifiers are not determiners, <strong>the</strong>y cannot undergo determiner<br />

incorporation. Thus, we do not expect <strong>the</strong>m to take scope over <strong>the</strong> relative<br />

clause. I will now proceed to flesh out this basic idea.<br />

Recall from Chapter 2 that based on data <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> sort shown in (3.55) <strong>and</strong> (3.56),<br />

in which a strong but not a weak determiner can appear in <strong>the</strong> pre-clausal position<br />

in a relative clause construction, I adopted <strong>the</strong> familiar notion that only strong<br />

quantifiers are in fact determiners.<br />

(3.55) Asunta<br />

Asunta<br />

[tukuy [Mayta-q plaza-pi planta<br />

all Mayta-gen plaza-loc plant<br />

p’iti-ra-n.<br />

prune-past-3sg<br />

‘Asunta pruned all <strong>the</strong> plants which Mayta planted in <strong>the</strong> plaza.’<br />

(3.56) *?Pisi<br />

little<br />

[[Asunta-q aqha<br />

Asunta-gen cornbeer<br />

apa-ra-ni.<br />

bring-past-1sg<br />

‘I brought a little cornbeer that Asunta made.’<br />

aqha-sqa-n]]-ta<br />

make.cornbeer-nm-3sg-acc<br />

planta-sqa-n]]-ta<br />

plant-nm-3sg-acc<br />

In Chapter 2 I argued that pisi-headed relative clauses are not interpreted via<br />

a head-raised structure but ra<strong>the</strong>r lend <strong>the</strong>mselves to <strong>the</strong> E-type anaphora analysis<br />

<strong>of</strong> relative clauses developed for Japanese in [Hoshi 1995], [Shimoyama 1999, 2001]<br />

<strong>and</strong> o<strong>the</strong>rs. The fact that <strong>the</strong>se relative clause heads can none<strong>the</strong>less appear in<br />

clause-external position meant that reconstruction to base position was necessary<br />

at interpretation. Thus, a null pr<strong>of</strong>orm was posited which played <strong>the</strong> role <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

head in <strong>the</strong> matrix clause. A variety <strong>of</strong> evidence pointing to <strong>the</strong> presence <strong>of</strong> this<br />

null pronoun was shown. However, <strong>the</strong>re is a point which needs to be clarified in<br />

light <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> structure <strong>of</strong> head-raised relative clauses discussed here. Namely, what<br />

is <strong>the</strong> role <strong>of</strong> head-raising (at least in <strong>the</strong> case <strong>of</strong> externally headed relative clauses)<br />

for weakly quantified relatives?

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