the syntax and semantics of relativization and quantification

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Table 2.1: Cuzco Quechua Quantifiers
Quantifier English gloss strong/weak
ashka many, a lot weak
huk, iskay, etc. one, two, etc. weak
pisi a few, a little weak
sapa each, every strong
tukuy all strong
wakin some (of) strong
2.3.2 IHRs with quantified head
As discussed in Section 2.2, sentences in which the head of an IHR is a quantified NP
can provide important evidence for or against various structural possibilities. Recall
that Cole’s [1987a] analysis of (Ancash and Imbabura) Quechua assumes that an
IHR and its corresponding EHR have identical meanings and therefore an analysis
in which both structures look identical at LF may be advantageous since the same
parsing strategy may apply to each. By contrast, Hoshi [1995] and Shimoyama
[1999] point out certain important differences in the meaning of EHRs and IHRs in
Japanese, necessitating distinct parsing mechanisms.
In Cuzco Quechua, I find that in general EHR/IHR pairs, even those with quantified
heads, are semantically indistinguishable. (The exceptions I am aware of involve
the distributive suffix -nka on the head as discussed in Section 2.5.3. In these cases
the EHR is strongly preferred.) Thus, sentences (2.29) and (2.30), containing an
IHR and EHR respectively, both have the same interpretation, compatible with an
external head at LF.