the syntax and semantics of relativization and quantification

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The two meanings are distinct but are nonetheless quite close. How can we
be sure that the first clause does indeed have an existential interpretation? Note
that in the case of a copular adverbial clause (‘when women are in a family’) we
would never expect -qti to be a valid option since the main clause subject paykuna
’they’ also refers to these women. Thus, the fact that -qti is also acceptable in the
adverbial clause must be attributed to a reading of that clause in which ’women’
is not the subject. This is the existential reading of that clause (‘when there are
women in a family’). In fact, this reading has a paraphrase which is shown in (5.21)
and suggested as an alternative by some consultants. Here, a different adverbializing
strategy is invoked: chay ‘that’ is employed to subordinate a finite version of the
existential clause.
(5.21) [[Warmi-kuna ayllu-pi ka-n] chay]-qa, pay-kuna-puni
woman-pl family-loc be-3sg that-top s/he-pl-always
‘When there are women in a family, they always cook.’
wayk’u-nku
cook-3pl
A further example of the same phenomenon is shown in (5.22) to (5.23). Here
too, both -qti and -spa are accepted adverbializers, and the alternative chay strategy
is also possible.
(5.22) [Wasi-kuna-pi
house-pl-loc
ashka
many
alqu-kuna
dog-pl
ka-spa]-qa
be-uni.adv-top
ruwa-nku.
make-3pl
‘When many dogs are in a house they make a lot of noise.’
nishu-ta
much-acc
bullu-ta
noise-acc
(5.23) [Wasi-kuna-pi
house-pl-loc
ashka
many
alqu-kuna
dog-pl
ka-qti-n/ka-n
be-uni.adv/be-3sg
chay]-qa,
that-top
nishu-ta bullu-ta ruwa-nku.
much-acc noise-acc make-3pl
‘When there are many dogs in a house, they make a lot of noise.’
Now if the associate is not in subject position, let us consider what might be
there. One possibility is that the locative is found in subject position and the verb