the syntax and semantics of relativization and quantification

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the use of -na as a nominalizer indicating future tense is being lost in Peguche
Quechua since even consultants who accept or recognize this form generally prefer a
different version of the future which involves the suffix -gri (traditionally analyzed
as ‘inchoative’) along with the “present tense” nominalizer, -k. An example is given
in (4.16) (which does not necessarily imply that the climbing event is imminent).
(4.16) Chai
That
Alberto
Alberto
witsi-gri-ju-k
climb-inch-prog-nm
kiru-kuna-ka
tree-pl-top
‘The trees that Alberto is going to climb are small.’
uchilla-mi.
small-evid
(IQ)
4.2.3 Summary of CQ/IQ differences
The Case, Agreement and Morphological facts about IQ and CQ reviewed thus far
are summarized in Table 4.1. The basic intuition I would like to pursue regarding
these differences is that CQ relative clauses are somehow more nominal in nature
than IQ relative clauses. In the following sections I will ascribe this difference to
differences in the feature structure of CQ vs. IQ functional heads. I will trace the
effect of this basic difference both syntactically, through a proposal in which headraising
(either overt or covert) is mandatory in CQ but not IQ, and semantically as
I examine some systematic differences in IHR meanings between the two dialects.
To anticipate the analysis, however, I will briefly preview how the facts tabulated
in Table 4.1 will be explained. The lack of overt subject-agreement in IQ I attribute
to the lack of availability of agreement morphology in the NP as seen in the lack
Furthermore, Cole finds that the future (relative) tense is for some reason incompatible
with internal heads in IQ. My consultants’ judgments are somewhat different
on these points, however. Although my consultants preferred an external head in
all cases, they do not detect the potential tense shift associated with head position
as in (i) and (ii). Furthermore, their judgments do not correlate suffix choice in the
present tense internal head cases with head position choice. Instead, suffix choice
(in particular -shka vs. -k) is related to relative tense and apparently also to aspect
in some ways that are not clear to me at this point. However, both -shka and -k
seemed to be able to encode present (relative) tense on some occasions.