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Article 21 Agencies of local governments shall prohibit, within their respective jurisdictions, the occupation or usage of land that is in contravention with this Law or other respective sublegal acts. The eldest of the village, the land distribution commission for the time it is functioning, cadastral officials, urban planning officials, and police officers are all required to make denouncements when they observe physical or juridical persons occupying, damaging, or constructing land contrary to this law. Owners and users of land who have already received the tapi for the land have the right to make denouncements concerning violations of the Law. Denouncements are made by declaration submitted, within 2 days, to the council of the commune or municipality wherein the violation has taken place. The council of the commune or municipality must then be assembled within 15 days after receiving such denouncement, to decide for either: a) the release and return of land to its former condition within 3 days; b) the destruction of the object constructed illegally within its territorial land and the return of the land to its former condition within 5 days; c) a fine of 5 lekë per square meter; or ç) compensation for the economic damage caused, to the physical or juridical person who owned the land or had been lawfully given the land for use. Items "a" and "b" must be applied in situations where there is a modification of the cadastral item as agricultural land. In these situations, the offender has to meet the expenditure for the return of the land to its prior condition. Items "c" and "c," must be applied in cases of illegal occupation of land for agricultural purposes. When this land has not been distributed, the compensation is given to the municipality or commune. The decision of the council for the commune or municipality is a final executive order. For the execution of the council’s decision according to points "c" and "ç", when the offender does not pay the fine voluntarily, the enforcement office at the district court is charged to make the execution of the decision within 15 days. Institutions of public order, in their respective jurisdictions, are obliged to execute the decision of the council of a commune or municipality within 5 days. When the offender is a resident of another jurisdiction, then the bailiff of the court of the district where the offender is resident is required to execute the decision. The Ministry of Justice is obliged to hire enforcement officers as needed in each district in order to properly execute decisions. 234
When the offender ignores the decision made according to the administrative measures provided by this article, the council of the commune or municipality shall take the case to the district's court. Article 22 When a third person occupies or damages land, the owner or user of that land has the right to appeal to the court. Article 23 Persons who act in contravention of the dispositions of this law and the special dispositions of the acts of the Council of Ministers on this question; who do not take protective measures; who do not bring the land back to use within the term set in the contract; or do not inform the land survey office on time regarding the changes in the state of the land they own or use without justified reasons, shall be charged by the head of the land survey office in each district a fine ranging from 2000 to 5000 lekë for administrative offense, unless these violations constitute penal acts. An appeal may be lodged against the sentence within 10 days from its proclamation or notification to the head of the executive committee of the district people's council, the decision of which is final. Persons who, in contravention of legal dispositions, occupy, damage or misuse land in any form, shall be prosecuted according to the dispositions of the Penal Code. Article 23a When a Land Commissions member acts in contravention to article 5a of this law and other legal and sub-legal acts for the completion of land distribution documentation, all members of the community Land Commission shall be charged with an administrative offense and be subject to a fine ranging from 2000 to 5000 lekë, depending on the level of responsibility, unless these violations constitute penal acts. The head of District Council, as the chairman of District Land Commission shall determine the fines. This decision is indisputable. The District Land Commission has the right to indict for criminal action the chairman or secretary of the community land commission if they fail to submit the proper documentation after the administrative punishment. Article 24 The Council of Ministers has the authority to define criteria for the division, registration, change, transfer of ownership, evaluation, and leasing of land; as well as tasks of the Cadastral Office. Article 25 Agricultural land given as ownership on the basis of this Law is inherited according to the legal dispositions on inheritance, forthcoming. 235
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UNIVERSITY OF NOVA GORICA GRADUATE
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Contents ABSTRACT 7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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2.4.15. Communism (1945-1990) 163 2
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS During my PhD trai
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NOTES ON TRANSLITERATION, PSEUDONYM
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Map of Albania (National Geographic
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Dhërmi/Drimades (Foto: Daniela /ra
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Therefore, it was definitely not co
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and Leake (1967) who were similarly
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iron door situated in the middle of
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treated us warmly. “Days cannot b
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what to say. My roaming mind was fu
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INTRODUCTION I was led to the study
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Many people of Dhërmi/Drimades tra
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of production and the equally ratio
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processes and practices of place ma
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Duijzings 2002: 60, Green, 2005: 14
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Albanians or Vorioepirotes and Pont
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Southern Albania and Epirus in Gree
Page 40 and 41:
Many scholars (Herzfeld 1991, Henry
Page 42 and 43:
What I would like to propose is tha
Page 44 and 45:
Himarë/Himara area (see Koçi 2006
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Vuno is the next village extending
Page 48 and 49:
Annual Temperatures in Himarë/Hima
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About a century later the second ha
Page 52 and 53:
mushroom-like bunkers were placed o
Page 54 and 55:
eported 23 . At Zrimazes I spent a
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1.5.1. Shifting of the “Local”
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elderly who stayed behind. Those wh
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words that do not exist in Greek. A
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paid to the constructors for their
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different. When explaining these di
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“autochthonous” inhabitants, wh
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when the lessons stopped being held
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names of the official institutions
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were not allowed to perform any of
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1.7.3. Religion and Everyday Practi
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Several elderly women respect the f
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1.8. Population: Shifting Numbers U
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communism when they lived in places
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the Albanian statistics took into a
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household (ikos or spiti) with the
Page 86 and 87:
Figure 3: Family. The underlined wo
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they live in separate locations in
Page 90 and 91:
Figure 5. Part of a sketch-map of Z
Page 92 and 93:
On several occasions the local peop
Page 94 and 95:
longer played a significant part in
Page 96 and 97:
heir he inherited everything whilst
Page 98 and 99:
7501), amend the Law on restitution
Page 100 and 101:
After the demise of communism all c
Page 102 and 103:
we learn about the village’s plac
Page 104 and 105:
Chapter Two CONTESTED HISTORIES [
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traces often reflect the ongoing hi
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Millets were led by the Orthodox pa
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the revolt that took place in the v
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Sievers suggests that in contempora
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A long time ago, about 300 B.C., th
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Rights Party (Partia Bashkimi për
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presented abstracts of their essays
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of the people living in Himarë/Him
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Regardless of the difference in the
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of the Balkan Peninsula” (2001: 1
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Winnifrith writes about the period
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Considering the names such as Lek,
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Therefore they stayed devoted to Al
Page 132 and 133:
September when the Ottomans ceased
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Zamputi and Pulaha 1990: 399). A Br
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autonomous, he was disliked by the
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some glean detailed accounts of the
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from Vlorë and Delvina, above the
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another scholar who writes that the
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wouldn’t have any influence. Desp
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Spyro Spyromilos) as the liberator
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Italian and Greek interests led int
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Çami too, describes Spiro Koleka a
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the period of national movements th
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Moreover, Rusha continues that both
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The religious distinctions that wer
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Whereas the local authors comment o
Page 160 and 161:
After 1943 when the Italian militar
Page 162 and 163:
Besides Himarë/Himara area the Gre
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Rehabilitation Administration (UNRR
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But from the view of a particular l
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and contacts between people and pla
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The “underlying trope of movement
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map them, because they can do that
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her husband did not immigrate to Gr
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ealised what sort of poverty could
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very good to me and they have never
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collectivized or nationalized all p
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from the hills in the neighbourhood
Page 184 and 185: in economical and social sense, whi
Page 186 and 187: Figure 12: Paths and places from th
Page 188 and 189: Figure 14: Paths and places from th
Page 190 and 191: This constant reconstruction is tro
Page 192 and 193: In one of her well-known works Puri
Page 194 and 195: and a night club. The majority of l
Page 196 and 197: seasonal workers in the spring. Sim
Page 198 and 199: Upon the arrival of young Dimitris,
Page 200 and 201: No, you are wrong! First comes Gram
Page 202 and 203: the spatial differentiation of the
Page 204 and 205: since ever”, even before the nati
Page 206 and 207: Anastas, whose parents originate fr
Page 208 and 209: We really enjoy our visits to the v
Page 210 and 211: Dirt and rubbish have history. As i
Page 212 and 213: Together they define the meaning of
Page 214 and 215: CONCLUSION Complexity is intrinsic
Page 216 and 217: with their movements, story-telling
Page 218 and 219: Silent Stories of Communism Histori
Page 220 and 221: inevitable or predefined, as some a
Page 222 and 223: manipulate ideological divisions of
Page 224 and 225: Appendix 2 Himarë/Himara municipal
Page 226 and 227: Appendix 4 Number of Population in
Page 228 and 229: No. of the population in Vuno and I
Page 230 and 231: Appendix 5 LAW no. 7501, dated July
Page 232 and 233: Article 9 The Cadastral Office in e
Page 236 and 237: Article 26 Law no. 5686, dated Feb.
Page 238 and 239: BIBLIOGRAPHY Albanian coastal zone
Page 240 and 241: Cowan, Jane K. (1991). Going Out fo
Page 242 and 243: Gjipali, Ilir (2004). Kërkime arke
Page 244 and 245: Ingold, Tim (1996). Social Relation
Page 246 and 247: Lubonja, Fatos (2002). Between the
Page 248 and 249: Rrapo, Aleko (2002): Historia e Him
Page 250 and 251: Wagner, Roy (1991). The Fractal Per
Page 252 and 253: ekonomske, družbene in politične
Page 254 and 255: prostora. Ko lokalni prebivalci, na
Page 256 and 257: degradacije in erozije zemlje na te
Page 258 and 259: Poglavje predstavi dela sodobnih zg
Page 260 and 261: prebivalcev Albanije. Po padcu komu
Page 262 and 263: Namesto krajev v Albaniji, pripoved
Page 264 and 265: in redefinirajo identiteto, na teme
Page 266 and 267: Naloga prikazuje, kako so pomeni po
Page 268 and 269: Premakljivost in spremenljivost gre
Page 270 and 271: Grčijo, Italijo in drugam, manjši
Page 272 and 273: prepovedan. Obdobje komunizma je bi
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