the new fuels with magnecular structure - Institute for Basic Research

168 RUGGERO MARIA SANTILLI
netic radius of electron, reveal themselves even at low magnetic field intensities,
and can be accounted for as very small perturbations. Additional effects are related
to the apparent deviation from QED of strongly correlated valence bonds
as studied in Chapter 4 [24]. These effects are beyond the scope of the presented
study, while being important for high precision studies, such as those on stringent
tests of the Lamb shift.
It should be noted that locally high-intensity magnetic fields may arise in
plasma as the result of nonlinear effects, which can lead to the creation of stable
self-confined structures having nontrivial topology with knots [10]. More
particularly, Faddeev and Niemi [10] recently argued that the static equilibrium
configurations within the plasma are topologically stable solitons describing knotted
and linked fluxtubes of helical magnetic fields. In the region close to such
fluxtubes, we suppose the magnetic field intensity may be as high as B 0 . In view
of this, a study of the action of strong magnetic field and the fluxtubes of magnetic
fields on atoms and molecules becomes of great interest in theoretical and
applicational plasmachemistry. Possible applications are conceivable for the new
chemical species of magnecules.
As a result of the action of a very strong magnetic field, atoms attain a great
binding energy as compared to the case of zero magnetic field. Even at intermediate
B ≃ B 0 , the binding energy of atoms greatly deviates from that of the
zero-field case, and even lower field intensities may essentially affect chemical
properties of molecules of heavy atoms. This occurrence permits the creation of
various other bound states in molecules, clusters and bulk matter [9, 11, 12].
The paper by Lai [12] is focused on very strong magnetic fields, B ≫ B 0 , motivated
by astrophysical applications, and provides a good survey of the early
and recent studies in the field, including studies on the intermediate range,
B ≃ B 0 , multi-electron atoms, and H 2 molecule. Several papers using variational/numerical
and/or analytical approaches to the problem of light and heavy
atoms, ions, and H 2 molecule in strong magnetic field, have been published within
the last years (see, e.g., references in [12]). However, highly magnetized molecules
of heavy atoms have not been systematically investigated until Santilli’s proposal
for the new species of magnecules [1]. One of the surprising implications is that
for some diatomic molecules of heavy atoms, the molecular binding energy is
predicted to be several times bigger than the ground state energy of individual
atom [13].