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the new fuels with magnecular structure - Institute for Basic Research

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50 RUGGERO MARIA SANTILLI<br />

in commercial or academic laboratories. There<strong>for</strong>e, <strong>the</strong> great majority of analytic<br />

laboratories lack <strong>the</strong> very instrument necessary <strong>for</strong> a final and unequivocal<br />

identification of a conventional molecules, let alone that of magnecules.<br />

3.3 Unambiguous Detection of Magnecules<br />

Since magnecules have properties very different from those of conventional<br />

molecules, <strong>the</strong> experimental detection of magnecules requires a special care. In<br />

particular, methods which have been conceived and developed <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> detection of<br />

molecules are not necessarily effective <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong> detection of <strong>the</strong> different chemical<br />

species of magnecules precisely in view of <strong>the</strong> indicated differences.<br />

The first indication of a possible gas magnecule is given by MS peaks <strong>with</strong> large<br />

atomic weight which cannot be explained via conventional molecular hypo<strong>the</strong>ses.<br />

The second indication of a gas magnecule is given by <strong>the</strong> lack of identification<br />

of said heavy peaks in <strong>the</strong> MS following a search among all known molecules. A<br />

third indication of a gas magnecule <strong>the</strong>n occurs when said unknown MS peak has<br />

no IR signature, except those of its constituents <strong>with</strong> much smaller atomic weight,<br />

which occurrence establishes <strong>the</strong> lack of a valence bond. Final identification of a<br />

gas magnecule requires <strong>the</strong> knowledge of <strong>the</strong> method used in <strong>the</strong> production of<br />

<strong>the</strong> gas and o<strong>the</strong>r evidence.<br />

As it is <strong>the</strong> case also <strong>for</strong> molecules, a serious spectrographic analysis of magnecules<br />

requires GC-MS detectors necessarily equipped <strong>with</strong> IRD, because only<br />

such an instrument permits <strong>the</strong> direct test of <strong>the</strong> same peaks under both <strong>the</strong><br />

MS and IR scan. Again, if <strong>the</strong> IRD operates separately from <strong>the</strong> GC-MS, <strong>the</strong><br />

indicated joint inspection is not possible; <strong>the</strong> IRD can only detect ordinary molecular<br />

dimers; <strong>the</strong> experimental belief that <strong>the</strong> MS peak must be a molecule is <strong>the</strong>n<br />

consequential.<br />

As a concrete example verified later on <strong>with</strong> actual tests, consider <strong>the</strong> spectrographic<br />

analysis of magnegas. This is a light gas whose heaviest molecule in<br />

macroscopic percentages should be <strong>the</strong> CO 2 at 44 a.m.u. Consider now an MS<br />

peak of magnegas at 481 a.m.u. It is evident that, while small deviations could<br />

be adapted to quantum chemistry, large deviations of such an order of magnitude<br />

cannot be reconciled <strong>with</strong> established knowledge in a credible way, thus permitting<br />

<strong>the</strong> hypo<strong>the</strong>sis that <strong>the</strong> MS peak in a light gas <strong>with</strong> 481 a.m.u. can be a<br />

magnecule. The MS scan of <strong>the</strong> peak soon establishes <strong>the</strong> impossibility <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

computer to identify <strong>the</strong> peak among all existing molecules. When <strong>the</strong> GC-MS is<br />

equipped <strong>with</strong> IRD, <strong>the</strong> analyst can scan <strong>the</strong> same peak <strong>with</strong> 481 a.m.u. under

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