Systematic process improvement using ISO 9001:2000 and CMMI

92 Revised Frameworks: ISO 9001:2000 and the CMMI ®
The structure and the packaging of the plan are left to the organization.
It may choose to document all of the processes in a separate process document
and then refer to them from each plan or it may include process descriptions
in each plan. A separate process document is usually the preferred approach
because it makes process changes easier and reduces the documentation
effort.
Generic Practice GP 2.3: Provide Resources
Provide adequate resources for performing the process, developing the work
products, and providing the services of the process.
Why is this important
To implement and perform a process, adequate resources must be available
when needed. Resources include funding, appropriate physical facilities,
appropriate tools, skilled people, and training that will help the existing staff
gain necessary knowledge and skills. Interpretation of ‘‘adequate resources’’
can be tricky. It means that resources are available to perform the process
as defined by the organization under GP 2.2. Where resources cannot be
made adequate, process objectives may have to be adjusted.
Generic Practice GP 2.4: Assign Responsibility
Assign responsibility and authority for performing the process, developing
the work products, and providing the services of the process.
Why is this important
For an organization to perform effectively, responsibilities and authorities
must be clearly defined, understood, and accepted. Responsibilities can be
assigned in process plans or can be assigned dynamically as processes are
executed. In all cases, they have to be clearly communicated to the affected
stakeholders. This GP ensures that there are no ‘‘orphan’’ processes; somebody
is assigned responsibility for the process, its documentation, implementation,
and institutionalization. In some organizations, the assignee is called a
process owner. In many cases, several individuals may be working on different
aspects of process institutionalization, such as planning, documenting, or
training. All such assignments should include a clear understanding of the
division of responsibility and accountability.
Generic Practice GP 2.5: Train People
Train the people performing or supporting the process as needed.