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156 ThE MiliTary BalancE 2010 1 100mm gun, (capacity 2 Lynx MK95 (Super Lynx) utl hel) 2 Karel Dorman class (ex-NLD) each with 2 Mk 141 Harpoon quad (8 eff.) with RGM-84C Harpoon tactical SSM, 2 Mk 32 twin ASTT with Mk 46 LWT, 1 Mk 48 VLS (8 eff.) with RIM-7M Sea Sparrow SAM, 1 76mm gun, (capacity for 1 SH-14D hel) CORVETTES • FSH 7 3 Baptista de Andrade each with 1 100mm gun, 1 hel landing platform 4 Joao Coutinho each with 2 76mm gun, 1 hel landing platform PATROL AND COASTAL COMBATANTS 18 PSOH 2 Viana do Castelo (expected ISD 2010) PCO 4 Cacine PCI 9: 5 Argos; 4 Centauro PCR 3: 2 Albatroz; 1 Rio Minho AMPHIBIOUS • CRAFT 1 LCU LOGISTICS AND SUPPORT 10: AORLH 1 Bérrio (ex UK Rover) with 1 hel landing platform (for medium hel) AGS 4 ABU 2 TRG 3 AXS fACILITIEs Base Located at Lisbon Naval airbase Located at Montijo Support bases Leca da Palmeira (North), Portimao (South), Funchal (Madiera), Ponta Delgada (Azores) Marines 1,430 fORCEs By ROLE Police 1 det Lt inf 2 bn Spec Ops 1 det Fire spt 1 coy EQUIPMENT By TyPE APC 20 Pandur II (due 2010) ARTY •MOR 15 120mm naval aviation HELICOPTERS • UTL 5 Lynx MK95 (Super Lynx) Air force 7,100 Flying hours 180 hrs/year on F-16 Fighting Falcon fORCEs By ROLE Air 1 (op) COFA comd; 5 (op) gp FGA 1 sqn with F-16A/B Fighting Falcon; 1 sqn with F-16 MLU Fighting Falcon Surv 1 sqn with CASA 212 Aviocar MR 1 sqn with P-3P/C Orion* CSAR/SAR/ Fishery Protection 1 sqn with with EH-101 Merlin; SA-330S Puma Tpt 1 sqn with CASA 212 Aviocar (to be replaced by 12 CN-295M); 1 sqn with Falcon 50; 1 sqn with C-130H Hercules Liaison/utl 1 sqn with FTB337 Skymaster (Cessna 337) Trg 1 sqn with TB-30 Epsilon; 1 sqn with SA-316 Alouette III; 1 sqn with Alpha Jet EQUIPMENT By TyPE AIRCRAFT 25 combat capable FTR 19: 16 F-16A/3 F-16B Fighting Falcon (21 F-16 MLU by 2010) MP 6 P-3P Orion* RECCE 2 CASA 212B Aviocar (survey) TPT 45: 6 C-130H Hercules (tpt/SAR); 24 CASA 212A Aviocar (tpt/SAR, Nav/ECM trg, fisheries protection). First of 12 C-295; 12 FTB337 Skymaster (Cessna 337) 12 (being phased out); 3 Falcon 50 (tpt/VIP) TRG 41: 25 Alpha Jet (FGA/trg); 16 TB-30 Epsilon HELICOPTERS SPT 12 EH-101 Merlin (6 SAR, 4 CSAR, 2 fishery protection); 4 SA-330S Puma (SAR) UTL 18 SA-316 Alouette III (trg, utl) UAV 34 Armor X7 MSL AAM AIM-120 AMRAAM; AIM-9J/ AIM-9L/ AIM-9P Sidewinder; AIM-7M Sparrow ASM AGM-65A Maverick; AGM-84A Harpoon BOMBS Laser-guided: Paveway II Paramilitary 47,700 national republican Guard 26,100 APC (W): some Commando Mk III (Bravia) HELICOPTERS • UTL 7 SA-315 Lama Public Security Police 21,600 DEPLOyMENT Legal provisions for foreign deployment: Constitution: Codified constitution (1976) Decision on deployment of troops abroad: By government AfgHANIsTAN NATO • ISAF 145 UN • UNAMA 1 ANgOLA Navy 11 (Technical military cooperation) BOsNIA-HERzEgOVINA EU • EUFOR • Operation Althea 51 OSCE • Bosnia and Herzegovina 1 CENTRAL AfRICAN REPUBLIC/CHAD UN • MINURCAT 1 obs IRAQ NATO • NTM-I 8 LEBANON UN • UNIFIL 146; 1 engr coy MEDITERRANEAN sEA NATO • Active Endeavour 1 FFG MOzAMBIQUE Navy 7
sÃO TOME AND PRINCIPÉ Navy 1 Air Force 5; 1 CASA 212 Aviocar sERBIA NATO • KFOR • Joint Enterprise 295; Army: 1 inf bn (KTM) OSCE • Kosovo 5 TIMOR LEsTE UN • UNMIT 3 obs fOREIgN fORCEs United States US European Command: Army 28; Navy 29; USAF 663; USMC 7; 1 Support facility located at Lajes Romania ROM lei 2008 2009 2010 GDP lei 493bn 521bn US$ 196bn 180bn per capita US$ 8,829 8,087 Growth % 7.1 -8.5 inflation % 7.8 5.5 Def exp lei 7.54bn US$ 3.0bn Def bdgt lei 8.34bn 9.83bn 8.12bn US$ 3.32bn 3.39bn FMa (US) US$ 11.1m 12.0m 16.5m US$1=lei 2.51 2.90 Population 22,215,421 Ethnic groups: Hungarian 9% age 0–14 15–19 20–24 25–29 30–64 65 plus Male 8% 4% 4% 4% 22% 6% Female 8% 4% 4% 4% 23% 9% capabilities ACTIVE 73,350 (army 43,000 navy 7,150 air 9,700 Joint 13,500) Paramilitary 79,900 REsERVE 45,000 (Joint 45,000) ORgANIsATIONs By sERVICE Army 43,000 fORCEs By ROLE Readiness is reported as 70–90% for NATO designated forces and 40–70% for the 7 bde for generation and regeneration) HQ 2 Div Mech Inf 5 bde (1 NATO designated (2 regt)) Inf 1 bde (NATO designated (1 regt)) Mtn Inf 1 bde (NATO designated (1 regt)) Arty 1 bde; 1 regt AD 2 regt Engr 1 bde Log 2 bde naTO Europe 157 EQUIPMENT By TyPE MBT 299: 164 T-55; 42 TR-580; 93 TR-85 M1 AIFV 26 MLI-84 APC 1,069 APC (T) 75 MLVM APC (W 994: 31 Piranha III; 69 B33 TAB Zimbru; 375 TAB-71; 155 TAB-77; 364 TABC-79; TYPE VARIANTS 505 APC ARTY 838 SP 122mm 24: 6 2S1 Carnation; 18 Model 89 TOWED 390: 122mm 42 (M-30) M-1938 (A-19); 152mm 348: 245 M-1981 Model 81; 103 gun/howitzer M1985 MRL 122mm 140 APR-40 MOR 120mm 274 M-1982 AT MSL 138: 12 9P122 BRDM-2 Sagger; 78 9P133 BRDM-2 Sagger; 48 9P148 BRDM-2 Spandrel GUNS 100mm 233: 208 M1977 Gun 77; 25 SU-100 SP AD • GUNS 60 SP 35mm 18 Gepard TOWED 42: 35mm 24 GDF-203; 37mm 18 RADARS • LAND 8 SNAR-10 Big Fred) Navy 7,150 Navy HQ with 1 Naval Operational Component, 1 Fleet Command, 1 Frigate Flotilla, 1 Riverine Flotilla (Danube based) EQUIPMENT By TyPE PRINCIPAL SURFACE COMBATANTS 7 FRIGATES • FFG 3: 2 Regele Ferdinand (ex UK Type-22), each with 1 76mm gun (capacity 1 IAR-330 (SA-330) Puma), (platforms undergoing upgrades) 1 Marasesti with 4 twin (8 eff.) with SS-N-2C Styx tactical SSM, each with SA-N-5 Grail SAM, 2 triple 533mm ASTT (6 eff.) with Russian 53–65 ASW, 2 RBU 6000 Smerch 2 (24 eff.), 2 x2 76mm gun (4 eff.), (capacity 2 IAR-316 (SA-316) Alouette III utl hel) CORVETTES • FS 4: 2 Tetal I each with 2 twin 533mm ASTT (4 eff.) with Russian 53-65 ASW, 2 RBU 2500 Smerch 1 (32 eff.), 2 twin 76mm gun (4 eff.) 2 Tetal II each with 2 twin 533mm ASTT (4 eff.), 2 RBU 6000 Smerch 2 (24 eff.), 1 76mm gun, (capacity 1 IAR- 316 (SA-316) Alouette III utl hel) PATROL AND COASTAL COMBATANTS 17 PSO 3 Zborul each with 2 twin (4 eff.) with SS-N-2C Styx tactical SSM, 1 76mm gun PCR 14: 5 Brutar each with 1 BM-21 MRL RL, 1 100mm gun 3 Kogalniceanu each with 2 100mm gun 6 VD 141 (ex MSI now used for river patrol) MINE WARFARE 11 MINE COUNTERMEASURES 10 MSO 4 Musca Europe (naTO)
Page 3 and 4:
The Military Balance 2010 Editor’
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The Military Balance 2010 Preface T
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Units and formation strength Compan
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Principal Aviation Equipment De�n
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Construction, Research and Developm
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Chapter One North America THE UNITE
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tion execution procedures’. There
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and network kits for the HMMWV. Whi
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tion brigade roughly quintuples the
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light of the forthcoming demographi
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FY2010 National Defence Process In
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North America Table 7 US National D
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Cbt Engr 1 regt MP 4 coy Log 10 bn
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SUDAN UN • UNMIS (Operation Safar
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Engr 4 bde Sig 1 bde Spt 8 spt bde,
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Naval reserve Forces 109,222 (total
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AAV 1,311 AAV-7A1 (all roles) ARTY
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FORCES BY ROLE HQ (AF) 1 HQ located
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FORCES BY ROLE Combined Service 1 H
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IRAQ NATO • NTM-I 12 UN • UNAMI
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Table 8 US Air Capability 2010 Airc
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Table 9 Selected US Arms Orders Fy2
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Chapter Two Latin America and the C
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II RM Mexicali, Baja California Reg
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elationship will be affected follow
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In March 2009, the 12 defence minis
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systems, including 100,000 Kalashni
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previous editions of The Military B
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MRL 105mm 4 SLAM Pampero MOR 883: 8
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WESTERN SAHARA UN • MINURSO 3 obs
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LOGISTICS AND SUPPORT 19: AH 2 TPT
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ABU 6: 1 Almirante Graca Aranah (li
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TOWED 138: 105mm 90 M-101 155mm 48
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Capabilities ACTIVE 285,220 (Army 2
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RECCE 11: 6 Schweizer SA-2-37; 2 B-
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TPT 12: 3 Yak-40; 3 An-24; 2 Il-76;
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PRINCIPAL SURFACE COMBATANTS 8 FRIG
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AIRCRAFT • RECCE 1 O-2A Skymaster
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EQUIPMENT By TyPE AIRCRAFT TPT 1 Y-
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SAR/Tpt 2 flt with 4 AS-355N Ecureu
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FTR 10: 8 F-5E Tiger II; 2 F-5F Tig
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Capabilities ACTIVE 10,650 (Army 7,
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AD SAM • MANPAD 298+: 70 SA-14 Gr
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EQUIPMENT By TyPE AIRCRAFT 4 combat
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DEPLOyMENT AFgHANISTAN UN • UNAMA
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FORCES By ROLE Ftr/FGA 2 gp with Su
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Latin America and the Caribbean Tab
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Chapter Three Europe NATO Towards a
Page 103 and 104: Table 13 EU Battlegroups year Semes
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Page 107 and 108: NATO EUROPE - DEfENCE ECONOMICs Eco
Page 109 and 110: underestimation of programme costs
Page 111 and 112: Grand Coalition government incremen
Page 113 and 114: ordered, and there is currently no
Page 115 and 116: underfunded. In 2008, defence chief
Page 117 and 118: Albania ALB albanian lek 2008 2009
Page 119 and 120: fORCEs By ROLE AD/FGA/ Recce 2 (Tac
Page 121 and 122: UTL: 6 Bell 206 JetRanger UAV Yastr
Page 123 and 124: LIBERIA UN • UNMIL 3 sERBIA NATO
Page 125 and 126: MRL 227mm 12 MLRS (in store awaitin
Page 127 and 128: BOsNIA-HERzEgOVINA EU • EUFOR •
Page 129 and 130: FF 9 D’Estienne d’Orves each wi
Page 131 and 132: AfgHANIsTAN NATO • ISAF 3,095 (Op
Page 133 and 134: APC 2,307 APC (T) 1,161: 200 Bv-206
Page 135 and 136: fOREIgN fORCEs Canada NATO 287 Fran
Page 137 and 138: Air force 31,500 (incl 11,000 consc
Page 139 and 140: DEPLOyMENT Legal provisions for for
Page 141 and 142: 2 Luigi Durand de la Penne (ex-Anim
Page 143 and 144: ALBANIA NATO 1 (HQ Tirana) Delegazi
Page 145 and 146: SP 10 M1025A2 HMMWV with Javelin MA
Page 147 and 148: MOR 43: 81mm 27 L16/M1 TOWED 120mm
Page 149 and 150: of 19 to 21, and then up to 4-5 ref
Page 151 and 152: Poland POL Polish Zloty z 2008 2009
Page 153: DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC Of CONgO UN •
Page 157 and 158: capabilities ACTIVE 16,531 (army 7,
Page 159 and 160: capabilities ACTIVE 128,013 (army 7
Page 161 and 162: APC (W) 18 Piranha AAV 19: 16 AAV-7
Page 163 and 164: ORgANIsATIONs By sERVICE Army ε77,
Page 165 and 166: TPT 77: 13 C-130B Hercules/C-130E H
Page 167 and 168: Inf 13 bn SF 2 regt (SAS) AB 1 bn O
Page 169 and 170: LC 24 RRC HELICOPTERS ATK/SPT 43: 6
Page 171 and 172: NEPAL Army 280 (Gurkha trg org) NET
Page 173 and 174: OSCE • Kosovo 1 FOrEIgn FOrCEs De
Page 175 and 176: MSL • SSM ε4 SS-21 Scarab (Tochk
Page 177 and 178: DEPLOyMEnT bOsnIA-hErzEgOInVA OSCE
Page 179 and 180: AD • SAM 48 SP 6 SA-15 Gauntlet;
Page 181 and 182: navy 2,000; 1,850 conscript (total
Page 183 and 184: coast Guard PATROL AND COASTAL COMB
Page 185 and 186: MOR 39: 120mm 39 AT • MSL • MAN
Page 187 and 188: Finland OSCE 1 France OSCE 1 German
Page 189 and 190: Decision on deployment of troops ab
Page 191 and 192: ut can also be used as HQ ship); 2
Page 193 and 194: TPT 20: 15 PC-6 Turbo-Porter; 1 Fal
Page 195 and 196: naval Infantry 3,000 Naval inf 1 bd
Page 197 and 198: Table 17 selected arms procurements
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Table 17 selected arms procurements
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Chapter Four Russia New defence ref
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23 motor-rifle and tank divisions,
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government will be able to keep mee
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While the programme contained a lau
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he was therefore open-minded about
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ties of Russian military equipment.
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Tk 4 bde (each: 3 tk bn, 1 MR (BMP-
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SSM 1 regt with 8 SS-C-1B Sepal AD
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Tpt sqns with An-12 Cub/An-24 Coke/
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Arty 1 bde, SSM 1 bde with 12-18 SS
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Paramilitary 449,000 Federal Border
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Chapter Five Middle East and North
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Map 2 iraq BAGHDAD 3 2 1 6 9 XX IA
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governments before Iran was effecti
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key staff from Russia and the UK ow
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system specifically targeted to cou
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Algeria ALG Algerian Dinar D 2008 2
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ORGAnIsAtIOns by seRvICe Army 6,000
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navy ε8,500 (incl 2,000 Coast Guar
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WesteRn sAhARA UN • MINURSO 21 ob
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Air Force 30,000 (incl 12,000 Air D
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Israel ISR New israeli Shekel NS 20
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MSL ASM AGM-114 Hellfire; AGM-45 Sh
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demOCRAtIC RepUblIC OF COnGO UN •
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ARTY 516 TOWED 160: 105mm 21: 13 M-
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AMPHIBIOUS 4 LS 1 LST 1 Ibn Harissa
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Mech Inf 3 bde Inf 35 indep bn Mot
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APC 206 APC (T) 16: 6 FV 103 Sparta
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ARTY 89 SP 155mm 28 (AMX) Mk F3 TOW
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Hel 2 sqn with AS-532 Cougar (CSAR)
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AMPHIBIOUS • LS • LSM 3 Polnoch
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deplOyment CentRAl AFRICAn RepUblIC
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capabilities ACtIve 66,700 (Army 60
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Middle East and North Africa Table
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Middle East and North Africa Table
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Chapter Six Sub-Saharan Africa The
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{ Regions: Deployment of mission HQ
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December 2005) and the democratic e
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training, technical and financial s
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Table 26 South african defence budg
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aircraft and SAM batteries to prote
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paramilitary 10,000 rapid-reaction
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eQuipmenT by Type AIRCRAFT TPT 8: 1
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deploymenT cenTral african republic
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eQuipmenT by Type AIRCRAFT 6 combat
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paramilitary 10,450 Presidential Gu
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djibouti DJB Djiboutian Franc fr 20
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MOR 120mm/160mm 100+ AT MSL • MAN
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eQuipmenT by Type AIRCRAFT 14 comba
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Ranger 1 bn Cdo 1 bn Arty 1 bn Engr
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TRG up to 25: up to 5 Bulldog 103/B
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Liaison sqn with Cessna 310; Cessna
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eQuipmenT by Type RECCE BRDM-2; Fer
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niger NER cFA Franc BceAO fr 2008 2
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paramilitary ε82,000 coast Guard P
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cenTral african republic/chad UN
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puntland Armed Forces ε5-10,000; c
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organiSaTionS by Service army 85,00
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forceS by role Tk 1 bde Inf 5 bde A
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forceS by role Army 5 div (each: up
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GUNS • TOWED 116: 14.5mm 36 ZPU-1
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Chapter Seven South and Central Asi
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Pakistan Democratically elected Pre
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Fonseka resigned as CDS on 12 Novem
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S-300 air-defence batteries, beyond
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AFGHANISTAN International concern g
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Map 3 Afghanistan ISAF/OEF-A 1 RC-C
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Fatalities 500 400 300 200 100 0 US
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SOUTH ASIA - DEFENCE ECONOmICS Afte
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Table 31 Indian Defence Budget by F
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The biggest naval procurement agree
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their finances’ but wish to repla
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Australia 1,350; 1 inf BG with (1 m
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TRG 30: 8 L-39ZA Albatros*; 10 PT-6
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Navy 58,350 (incl 7,000 Naval Avn a
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Mirage/M-2000TH (M-2000ED) Mirage (
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GUN/MOR 120mm 25 2S9 Anona MRL 380:
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Police Force 47,000 SELECTED NON-ST
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Cadres School and PAF Academy are D
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Air Force 28,000 (incl SLAF Regt) F
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HELICOPTERS ATK 10 Mi-24 Hind SPT 8
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South and Central Asia Table 32 Sel
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Chapter Eight East Asia and Austral
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Map 4 China: military regions and m
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JAPAN Japan’s defence policy in
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training and deployments. Naval ele
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months, including that of a C-�
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Australia’s Force 2030: Key capab
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for the ��-year period of the W
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International Monetary Fund (IMF) r
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column C, data are converted into U
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Inf 6 bde HQ (4/5/8/9/11/13) each w
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Brunei BRN Brunei Dollar B$ 2008 20
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Capabilities ACTIVE 2,285,000 (Army
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Navy ε215,000; 40,000 conscript (t
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East Sea Fleet Coastal defence from
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Fiji FJI Fijian Dollar F$ 2008 2009
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TPT 23: 3 CN-235M; 2 DHC-5 Buffalo;
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Maritime Self- Defense Force 42,400
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PCC 60 PC-Type PCI 174: 170 CL-Type
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Tpt regts with An-2 Colt to infiltr
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UTL 5 F406 Caravan II HELICOPTERS A
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Customs Service PATROL AND COASTAL
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FGA 22 A-5M (Q-5II) Fantan TPT 15:
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FOREIGN FORCES Australia Army 38; 1
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TAIWAN (REPUBLIC OF CHINA) Army 3 t
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Fokker 50 • Makung Air Base Comma
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MINE WARFARE • MINE COUNTERMEASUR
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RESERVES 5,000,000 ORGANISATIONS BY
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East Asia and Australasia Table 35
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Page 437 and 438:
Page 439 and 440:
Chapter Nine Country comparisons -
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Table 36 UN Deployments 2009-2010 l
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Page 445 and 446:
Page 447 and 448:
Table 37 Non-UN Deployments 2009-20
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Table 37 Non-UN Deployments 2009-20
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index of contributing nations Alban
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Number deployed 110,000 90,000 70,0
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Table 38 Selected training activity
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Page 459 and 460:
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Country comparisons Table 39 Intern
Page 463 and 464:
Page 465 and 466:
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Table 43 Global Arms Transfer Agree
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Table 47 Selected Operational Milit
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Chapter Ten Reforming India’s def
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develop a fifth-generation fighter
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Table 48: Major Current Domestic De
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Part two Reference table 49 Designa
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Reference Type Name/designation Cou
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Page 483 and 484:
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table 50 List of Abbreviations for
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NCO non-commissioned officer NLACM
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Index of Country/Territory Abbrevia
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