Abstract: This chapter details a model formulated by the authors that seeks to classify rapistsand their behaviours. The chapter is based upon a thesis entitled, A Descriptive Model <strong>of</strong> theOffence Chain for Rapists, which involved qualitative interviews with 24 European NewZealand men currently in prison on sexual assault charges. The authors conclude that themodel does work in specific cases, but needs adaptation before being used more widely. Thiswas being addressed at the time <strong>of</strong> publication.Pond, R. (2003). The legal response to men’s <strong>violence</strong> against women (ex-) partners: Narrativerepresentation <strong>of</strong> women’s experiences and discourse analysis <strong>of</strong> lawyer’s talk. Unpublisheddoctoral dissertation, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.See: www.nzfvc.org.nz/12203.pubTopic Areas: Intimate partner abuse, Child abuse and neglect, Physical abuse, Psychological/emotional abuse, Sexual abuse, Women, Victims/survivors, Children as victims, Children aswitnesses, Justice, Protection orders, Care and protection, Legislation, Gender, Cultural andpr<strong>of</strong>essional practice.Abstract: This thesis <strong>research</strong> focuses on New Zealand’s legal response to domestic<strong>violence</strong>, exploring how the legal system serves the needs <strong>of</strong> women who experience abusefrom their male partners and ex-partners, and how lawyers make sense <strong>of</strong> partner <strong>violence</strong>and the legal response to it. The author uses a feminist post-structuralism theoretical approachand interviewed 10 women, representing their individual accounts using narrativemethodology.The women’s narratives suggest the legal system does not consistently serve the needs <strong>of</strong>women seeking protection from partner <strong>violence</strong>; many women were dissatisfied. Women didnot always feel that judges, lawyers, and other legal personnel treated their experiences <strong>of</strong><strong>violence</strong> and psychological abuse seriously or empathetically. Some women also encounteredresistance when they attempted to protect their children through supervised access.The author also interviewed 18 lawyers working in the area <strong>of</strong> domestic <strong>violence</strong> andanalysed their transcripts using discursive methodology. Lawyers utilised many discourses tomake sense <strong>of</strong>, and constitute domestic <strong>violence</strong> and the legal response to it. Some discourseswere consistent with holding perpetrators accountable for their <strong>violence</strong> and with protectingwomen and children. However, many discourses minimised and detracted attention awayfrom men’s <strong>violence</strong> towards women, marginalised women’s experiences <strong>of</strong> abuse and<strong>violence</strong>, and undermined women and children’s protection and safety. The author notes thatthe legal system maintains and perpetuates gender bias and oppression against women.Source: Author’s abstractPond, R., & Morgan, M. (2005). New Zealand women’s experiences <strong>of</strong> lawyers in the context <strong>of</strong>domestic <strong>violence</strong>. Women’s Studies Journal, 19(2), 79-106.See: www.nzfvc.org.nz/12332.pubTopic Areas: Intimate partner abuse, Women, Justice, Cultural practiceAbstract: This article presents a study that examined women’s experiences <strong>of</strong> the legalsystem when they endeavour to protect themselves from domestic <strong>violence</strong>, and in particular,how they viewed the lawyer representing them. The study employed a narrative methodology.The author found that a common complaint <strong>of</strong> the women was that lawyers do not understandthe complexity <strong>of</strong> domestic <strong>violence</strong>, namely how abuse affects many aspects <strong>of</strong> the victim’slife. Many <strong>of</strong> the participants reported that their lawyer had poor communication skills,minimised or blamed them for the abuse, and <strong>of</strong>ten did not provide all the relevantinformation about their case. Those that indicated positive experiences reported that their150
lawyer did attempt to understand the situation, displayed empathy and listening skills, andseemed genuinely concerned about the safety and wellbeing <strong>of</strong> them and their children. The<strong>research</strong> findings suggest that negative experiences <strong>of</strong> the legal system in domestic <strong>violence</strong>cases <strong>of</strong>ten exacerbate an already stressful situation.Pond, R., & Morgan, M. Harmful weapon? Empowering protection? Or just a piece <strong>of</strong> paper?Discursive constructions <strong>of</strong> protection orders by New Zealand lawyers working with partner<strong>violence</strong>. Unpublished manuscript.See: www.nzfvc.org.nz/13252.pubTopic Areas: Intimate partner abuse, Women, Justice, Protection orders, Legislation,Cultural factors, GenderAbstract: This article examines how lawyers make sense <strong>of</strong> domestic <strong>violence</strong> and the legalresponse to such <strong>violence</strong>. Interviews with 18 lawyers working in the domestic <strong>violence</strong> areawere analysed using a feminist poststructuralist framework. The authors identify severaldiscourses used by the lawyers, and argue that some discourses help victims by focussing ontheir needs, while others hinder victims because they shift the responsibility for <strong>violence</strong>away from the perpetrator. The authors also identify the use <strong>of</strong> discourses that have mixedimplications for the victim, such as the view that protection orders can worsen the situation byangering the abuser.Pool, I. (1999). Fathers and the future. Paper presented at the Social Policy Forum, Wellington, 19thApril 1999, Wellington, New Zealand.See: www.nzfvc.org.nz/12016.pubTopic Areas: Families, Demographics/statisticsAbstract: This paper uses data from the survey New Zealand Women: Family, Employmentand Education (1997), and the population census to examine <strong>family</strong>, behavioural anddemographic changes in New Zealand society. The ways in which <strong>family</strong> structure influencesthe <strong>family</strong>’s capacity to develop is discussed. This paper concludes that the best way toprotect children in New Zealand is to support the wellbeing <strong>of</strong> families.Porch, T. L. (1990). Attitudes <strong>of</strong> New Zealand police and social workers toward child sexual abuse.Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University <strong>of</strong> South Dakota, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.See: www.nzfvc.org.nz/13173.pubTopic Areas: Child abuse and neglect, Sexual abuse, Incest, Children, Justice, Legislation,Cultural factors, Social services, Prevention/intervention/treatment, Cultural practice,Demographics/statisticsAbstract: This study investigated attitudes <strong>of</strong> 327 New Zealand Police and social workerstowards intrafamilial child sexual abuse. Respondents completed a questionnaire consisting <strong>of</strong>the Jackson Incest Blame Scale and a series <strong>of</strong> scenarios that depicted intrafamilial sexualcontact with children. A primary objective was to explore the impact <strong>of</strong> specific variables inthe abuse situation on perceptions <strong>of</strong> seriousness and predictions <strong>of</strong> long-term emotionaltrauma. A second objective was the identification <strong>of</strong> patterns <strong>of</strong> incest blame attribution. Ananalysis <strong>of</strong> variance revealed significant differences in perception <strong>of</strong> seriousness for all sixvariables manipulated: age <strong>of</strong> victim; gender <strong>of</strong> victim; relationship to perpetrator; chronicity;type <strong>of</strong> act; and pr<strong>of</strong>ession <strong>of</strong> respondent. Significant differences in predictions <strong>of</strong> long-termemotional trauma were found for five variables: gender <strong>of</strong> victim; relationship to perpetrator;151
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IntroductionThis is an annotated bi
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jurisdiction, this paper discusses
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the number of participants indicati
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