annotated bibliography of new zealand research into family violence

alcohol abuse, Policy, Social services, Prevention/intervention/treatmentAbstract: The aim of this study was to examine the extent and characteristics of thecommercial sexual exploitation of children in New Zealand, and produce results that may beused to inform child welfare policy. Questionnaires from 280 respondents who work withchildren, such as counsellors, community workers, social workers and police, were used togather information on aspects of child prostitution. The respondents felt that familybackground was a significant factor leading a child into prostitution: 64% said children theyworked with had been sexually abused in the family, and 72% had been physically abused.The findings show that 82% of children were known to abuse drugs, and of these, 72% hadbeen physically abused and 63% sexually abused. Strategies for eliminating the commercialexploitation of children are discussed, including more social and youth workers on the streets,and working to end violence and abuse in the family.Saphira, M., & Herbert, A. (2004). The involvement of children in commercial sexual activity.Retrieved September 9, 2005, from ECPAT NZ Web site: http://www.ecpat.org.nz/pdf/The%20Involvement%20of%20Children%20in%20Commericial%20Sexual%20Activity.PDFSee: www.nzfvc.org.nz/12201.pubTopic Areas: Child abuse and neglect, Sexual abuse, Women, Children, Adolescents, Maori,Pacific peoplesAbstract: This report presents a study that focused specifically on the reasons leading to sexworker’s first involvement in underage commercial sexual activities. The respondents had allbeen involved in prostitution since before 18 years of age. The research findings show that forthe most part, 18-year-olds were guided into commercial sex by others, and that they hadoften received suggestions in relation to setting a price. The majority of the participants hadattempted to leave prostitution; however, most were drawn back due to lack of money. Overhalf of the respondents to the questionnaire disclosed childhood sexual abuse. Compared withPakeha respondents, a larger percentage of Maori, followed by Pacific peoples, disclosedsexual abuse as a child. The authors suggest that young people who have experienced a highrate of sexual abuse, and who are living apart from their parents, may be more vulnerable tocommercial sexual activity exploitation.Saphira, M., & Herbert, A. (2004). Victimisation among those involved in underage commercialsexual activity. Retrieved November 1, 2005, from ECPAT NZ Web site:http://www.ecpat.org.nz/pdf/victimisation.pdfSee: www.nzfvc.org.nz/12225.pubTopic Areas: Child abuse and neglect, Physical abuse, Sexual abuse, Women, Children,Adolescents, Maori, Pacific peoplesAbstract: This study explored the occurrence of violence in the lives of those people whobecame involved in commercial sexual activity before the age of 18 years. The study wascompleted in the Auckland, Northland and Waikato regions, and participants either completeda questionnaire or were interviewed. Respondents were predominantly of Pakeha or Maoridescent. Where a participant had become a prostitute before 18 years of age, they were askedabout childhood sexual abuse, and about sexual and physical assault since being involved inthe sex trade. Results showed that over half of the participants in this study disclosedchildhood sexual abuse. This rate was higher than that of a South Island study that did notinclude Maori, Pacific or transgender participants.160