<strong>family</strong> decision making that incorporates the process <strong>of</strong> Family Group Conferences (FGCs),which have fundamentally changed the way child welfare services operate in New Zealand.FGCs work on the principles <strong>of</strong> <strong>family</strong> decision making, power sharing, <strong>family</strong>empowerment, and cultural relevancy, when addressing the safety <strong>of</strong> children in abuse andneglect cases. The importance <strong>of</strong> protecting the child within the context <strong>of</strong> the <strong>family</strong> isemphasised. Involving the <strong>family</strong> in care and protection decisions has been embracedinternationally, and this book examines child welfare developments in the United States, theUnited Kingdom, Canada and Australia. Case studies <strong>of</strong> situations <strong>of</strong> child abuse and neglectare employed to illustrate the phases <strong>of</strong> EPP, and the process <strong>of</strong> FGCs. The contribution <strong>of</strong>Maori culture and customs to the context and process <strong>of</strong> FGCs is discussed. The role <strong>of</strong> thepr<strong>of</strong>essional working with the <strong>family</strong> on care and protection issues is also examined.Consedine, J. (2003). The Maori restorative tradition. In G. Johnstone (Ed.), A restorative justicereader: Texts, sources, context (pp. 152-157). Cullompton, UK: Willan Publishing.See: www.nzfvc.org.nz/13340.pubTopic Areas: Sexual abuse, Incest, Families, Women, Perpetrators/<strong>of</strong>fenders, Maori,Restorative justice, Cultural factorsAbstract: This chapter examines the use <strong>of</strong> marae restorative justice by Maori in sexualabuse cases. Restoration, healing and reconciling are the principles <strong>of</strong> marae justice.Restorative justice places the blame for the <strong>of</strong>fending on the perpetrator, and the shameexperienced by the <strong>of</strong>fender is a strong punishment in Maori society. As opposed to Pakehamodels <strong>of</strong> criminal justice, marae justice is based on healing for the victim, thewhanau/<strong>family</strong>, and the perpetrator. Case studies are used to illustrate the process <strong>of</strong> maraerestorative justice, including an example <strong>of</strong> a Maori woman sexually abused by three <strong>of</strong> herbrothers, and another at the hands <strong>of</strong> her step-father. A preliminary evaluation shows themarae restorative justice process is working in lowering recidivism rates.Corbett, L. A. (1999). Child protection workers’ interactions with women abused by their malepartners: Five women’s stories. Unpublished master’s thesis, University <strong>of</strong> Waikato,Hamilton, New Zealand.See: www.nzfvc.org.nz/11916.pubTopic Areas: Intimate partner abuse, Families, Women, Children, Children as victims, Careand protection, Social services, Prevention/intervention/treatment, Cultural practiceAbstract: This <strong>research</strong> investigated women’s experiences with child protection workers.The analysis and methodology were guided by a feminist framework; in-depth interviewswere conducted with 5 women who had suffered abuse by their male partners. The <strong>research</strong>found that, as child protection workers may not acknowledge the presence <strong>of</strong> <strong>family</strong> <strong>violence</strong>in their cases, they may subsequently fail to understand the constraints that women experiencein their relationships with men. The study did not incorporate a formal Children, YoungPersons and their Families Service (CYPFS) perspective. Since its focus was CYPFSpractices, the author suggests that the study might be better utilised if the agency had more <strong>of</strong>an input in terms <strong>of</strong> clarifying the procedures that the five women were describing.Source: Author’s abstractCoverdale, J. H. T., & Turbott, S. H. (2000). Sexual and physical abuse <strong>of</strong> chronically ill psychiatricoutpatients compared with a matched sample <strong>of</strong> medical outpatients. Journal <strong>of</strong> Nervous andMental Disease, 188(7), 440-445.36
See: www.nzfvc.org.nz/13073.pubTopic Areas: Child abuse and neglect, Physical abuse, Sexual abuse, Women, Violenceagainst men, Mental health, Demographics/statisticsAbstract: In this article the author reports on a study, which investigated the prevalence <strong>of</strong>sexual and physical abuse, during childhood and adulthood, experienced by chronically illpsychiatric outpatients, compared with a control sample <strong>of</strong> medical outpatients in Auckland,New Zealand. People who experience schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, severe anxietydisorders and other mental illnesses that are deemed as major mental illnesses participated;excluded from the study were clients with a diagnosis <strong>of</strong> mental retardation or alcohol orsubstance misuse. One hundred and fifty-eight psychiatric outpatients responded to semistructuredinterviews. They were matched for gender, age, and ethnicity with 158 medicaloutpatients who had never been treated for experiencing a mental illness. The response ratewas 64.8%. Participants were questioned about the number <strong>of</strong> times they were abused; thetype <strong>of</strong> abuse; how many different people abused them; and who abused them, for example, ablood relative, partner, or someone outside <strong>of</strong> the <strong>family</strong>. Results from the study identify thatthe psychiatric participants reported experiencing more physical or sexual abuse duringadulthood than did the control group. Participants who reported experiencing abuse as adultswere also more likely to have experienced abuse during childhood. The discussion explores anumber <strong>of</strong> limitations <strong>of</strong> the study, including recall bias, and looks at the findings drawingpossible conclusions as to reporting differences for the two participant groups in the study.The article concludes that the findings from the study help to identify that psychiatricallyunwell outpatients are vulnerable to abuse.Cowan, A. (2004). Reforming New Zealand’s law on sexual <strong>of</strong>fending: An assessment <strong>of</strong> the CrimesAmendment Bills 2003. Unpublished manuscript, Victoria University <strong>of</strong> Wellington, NewZealand.See: www.nzfvc.org.nz/13256.pubTopic Areas: Sexual assault/rape, Justice, Legislation, GenderAbstract: This <strong>research</strong> paper examines the rationale behind the proposed reform <strong>of</strong> theCrimes Act (1961) relating to sexual <strong>of</strong>fences. It considers gender neutrality and argues thatthis is important due to the increasing number <strong>of</strong> sexual <strong>of</strong>fences committed by women. Theauthor argues that rape should be kept a separate crime to sexual violation, and remain only acrime for males to commit (even though this clashes with the principle <strong>of</strong> gender neutrality)as the history and meaning <strong>of</strong> the word ‘rape’ are still important in contemporary society. Theauthor recommends that the language used in the proposed reform be changed.Cram, F., Pihama, L., Jenkins, K., & Karehana, M. (2002). Evaluation <strong>of</strong> programmes for Maori adultprotected persons under the Domestic Violence Act 1995. Wellington, New Zealand: Ministry<strong>of</strong> Justice. Retrieved December 1, 2005, from http://www.justice.govt.nz/pubs/reports/2002/maori-domestic-<strong>violence</strong>/index.htmlSee: www.nzfvc.org.nz/11987.pubTopic Areas: Intimate partner abuse, Physical abuse, Women, Maori, Justice, Protectionorders, Legislation, Cultural factors, Prevention/intervention/treatmentAbstract: This report presents an evaluation <strong>of</strong> two North Island programmes for MaoriAdult Protected Persons, provided in accordance with the Domestic Violence Act (1995). Thetwo programmes are Tu Tama Wahine o Taranaki based in New Plymouth, and Te WhareRuruhau o Meri, located in Otahuhu, South Auckland. Both <strong>of</strong> these programmes are37
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the mothers continued to experience
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