their children’s lives and upbringing.A comparison is made with modern day parenting by looking at the historical background <strong>of</strong>the father’s role from prior to the industrial revolution and the effects that two World Warshave had, to the demographic shifts and changes in economic and social factors which havelead to today’s concept <strong>of</strong> the father. The challenges that these changes, and policy, imposeon the roles that fathers are now taking in parenting are also addressed.Authors that specifically discuss <strong>family</strong> <strong>violence</strong> and its related issues include MarkHenaghan, Stuart Birks, Warwick Pudney, and in particular Felicity Goodyear-Smith, whosechapter is entitled "Fathers : Myths and Realities about Child Maltreatment". Chapters arealso included by Laurie O’Reilly, Ian Pool, Rex McCann and Keith Rankin.Booth, D. L. (1998). The Privacy Act 1993: Intruding on the privacy interests <strong>of</strong> victims <strong>of</strong> sexualabuse. Unpublished manuscript, Victoria University <strong>of</strong> Wellington, New Zealand.See: www.nzfvc.org.nz/13217.pubTopic Areas: Sexual abuse, Sexual assault/rape, Victims/survivors, Justice, Legislation,Policy, Social servicesAbstract: This paper discusses the implications <strong>of</strong> the Privacy Act (1993) on sexual abusevictims. The author highlights a concern that perpetrators <strong>of</strong>ten get access to informationabout their victims when accessing information about themselves, placing the victims at risk.Perpetrators can then use the information to either threaten the victim or discredit them as awitness. The author discusses procedures used by ACC, the Police, and the PrivacyCommissioner when requests for personal information are lodged.The author makes suggestions for amendments to the Privacy Act, including: incorporating aclause that would allow refusal to disclose based on prejudice to public safety; including aclause that allows refusal <strong>of</strong> disclosure if there is a perceived risk <strong>of</strong> harassment; legislate thata reason for the request must be given before any disclosure occurs; limiting the access tobeing dependent on the agency’s use <strong>of</strong> the information; extending privilege further than justlegal to include other counsellors such as Women’s Refuge or Rape Crisis; and including a<strong>new</strong> provision that refusal to disclose is acceptable if disclosure would damage a specialrelationship, such as that between a victim and support agency.Breen, C. (2002). The corporal punishment <strong>of</strong> children in New Zealand: The case for abolition. NewZealand Law Review, (3), 359-391.See: www.nzfvc.org.nz/13227.pubTopic Areas: Child abuse and neglect, Families, Children, Care and protection, Discipline/punishment, LegislationAbstract: The author <strong>of</strong> this paper explores children’s rights and the legality <strong>of</strong> corporalpunishment <strong>of</strong> children in New Zealand, beginning with an historical and a philosophicaloverview on the right <strong>of</strong> the child to not be subjected to corporal punishment. Recentacademic discourse, the status <strong>of</strong> children in New Zealand, and inconsistencies in NewZealand domestic law are then explored. There is a focus on the United Nations Conventionon the Rights <strong>of</strong> the Child (1989) and s59 <strong>of</strong> the Crimes Act (1961). The author suggests thata degree <strong>of</strong> <strong>violence</strong> is accepted within New Zealand society and that this is evident throughthe various interpretations the Court has given to s59 <strong>of</strong> the Crimes Act and provisions underother Acts. Case studies are drawn upon to emphasise the subjective interpretation by theCourts <strong>of</strong> the term ‘reasonable chastisement’. Recommendations to New Zealand on corporalpunishment made by the committee on the Right <strong>of</strong> the Child are also discussed. The author18
analyses changes in legislation to protect children’s rights as required under international law;however, she concludes with the message that further steps are necessary to help protectchildren from corporal punishment and to balance the rights <strong>of</strong> children with those <strong>of</strong> adults.Broadmore, J., Shand, C., & Warburton, T. (Eds.). (1996). The proceedings <strong>of</strong> rape: Ten years’progress?: An interdisciplinary conference held in Wellington, New Zealand, 27-30 March1996. Auckland, New Zealand: Doctors for Sexual Abuse Care.See: www.nzfvc.org.nz/13264.pubTopic Areas: Intimate partner abuse, Child abuse and neglect, Sexual abuse, Sexualassault/rape, Women, Adolescents, Perpetrators/<strong>of</strong>fenders, Victims/survivors, Violenceagainst men, Indigenous, Maori, Justice, Restorative justice, Legislation, Cultural factors,Health, Social services, Prevention/intervention/treatment, Cultural practiceAbstract: This document presents the proceedings from a national conference dedicated todiscussing many areas and issues pertinent to rape. The conference was held in Wellington inMarch 1996, and was organised by Doctors for Sexual Abuse Care. The majority <strong>of</strong> papersand presentations from the conference are included in these proceedings. Discussionsconcentrate on the main topic areas <strong>of</strong> investigation, the justice process, and prevention <strong>of</strong>rape and sexual assault. Many <strong>of</strong> the studies included in this document report that the majority<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong>fenders are known to the victim. Findings <strong>of</strong> one such study also revealed that almosthalf <strong>of</strong> the women disclosing adult sexual assault also disclosed child sexual abuse.The way the justice system, from the police to the courts, respond to sexual assault victims isinvestigated in detail. How doctors react when dealing with sexual assault victims is alsoexplored. Many women victims report that respect, sensitivity and understanding are the mostimportant characteristics for pr<strong>of</strong>essionals in this instance. The role <strong>of</strong> restorative justice insexual assault cases is discussed, particularly as it relates to Maori experiences <strong>of</strong> rape. Thissection also includes an example <strong>of</strong> the practice <strong>of</strong> restorative justice amongst a First Nationscommunity in Canada. Many social service agencies had input <strong>into</strong> this conference,commenting on what is and is not being done in this field <strong>of</strong> practice. Rape and childhoodsexual abuse <strong>of</strong> males is also explored.Brown, C. (2003). Legislating against hate crime in New Zealand: The need to recognise gender-based<strong>violence</strong> [Electronic version]. Victoria University <strong>of</strong> Wellington Law Review, 35(3), 591-608.See: www.nzfvc.org.nz/13367.pubTopic Areas: Sexual assault/rape, Women, Justice, Legislation, GenderAbstract: This paper presents a discussion <strong>of</strong> the Sentencing Act (2002), which incorporatesa clause for hate crimes. The clause allows for a longer sentence for those crimes which areproved to be hate crimes, and includes race, ethnicity, religion, and sexuality, but excludesgender as one <strong>of</strong> the grounds <strong>of</strong> hostility. The author argues that crimes against women, suchas rape, are ultimately crimes based on a hatred <strong>of</strong> women. In a review <strong>of</strong> cases <strong>of</strong> serialrapists, the author claims that a clear pattern <strong>of</strong> hatred towards women is evident. The authoralso argues for a change in thinking, asserting that rather than conceptualising rape as a crime<strong>of</strong> sex, it needs to be thought <strong>of</strong> as a crime <strong>of</strong> hate. The author concludes that the SentencingAct should be amended to incorporate crimes <strong>of</strong> hate against women to send a clear messageto perpetrators <strong>of</strong> rape, and to the rest <strong>of</strong> society, that rape is not about sex but is a hate crime.Brown, M. J. A. (2000). Care and protection is about adult behaviour: The ministerial review <strong>of</strong> theDepartment <strong>of</strong> Child, Youth and Family Services: Report to the Minister <strong>of</strong> Social Services19
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