alcohol abuse, Policy, Social services, Prevention/intervention/treatmentAbstract: The aim <strong>of</strong> this study was to examine the extent and characteristics <strong>of</strong> thecommercial sexual exploitation <strong>of</strong> children in New Zealand, and produce results that may beused to inform child welfare policy. Questionnaires from 280 respondents who work withchildren, such as counsellors, community workers, social workers and police, were used togather information on aspects <strong>of</strong> child prostitution. The respondents felt that <strong>family</strong>background was a significant factor leading a child <strong>into</strong> prostitution: 64% said children theyworked with had been sexually abused in the <strong>family</strong>, and 72% had been physically abused.The findings show that 82% <strong>of</strong> children were known to abuse drugs, and <strong>of</strong> these, 72% hadbeen physically abused and 63% sexually abused. Strategies for eliminating the commercialexploitation <strong>of</strong> children are discussed, including more social and youth workers on the streets,and working to end <strong>violence</strong> and abuse in the <strong>family</strong>.Saphira, M., & Herbert, A. (2004). The involvement <strong>of</strong> children in commercial sexual activity.Retrieved September 9, 2005, from ECPAT NZ Web site: http://www.ecpat.org.nz/pdf/The%20Involvement%20<strong>of</strong>%20Children%20in%20Commericial%20Sexual%20Activity.PDFSee: www.nzfvc.org.nz/12201.pubTopic Areas: Child abuse and neglect, Sexual abuse, Women, Children, Adolescents, Maori,Pacific peoplesAbstract: This report presents a study that focused specifically on the reasons leading to sexworker’s first involvement in underage commercial sexual activities. The respondents had allbeen involved in prostitution since before 18 years <strong>of</strong> age. The <strong>research</strong> findings show that forthe most part, 18-year-olds were guided <strong>into</strong> commercial sex by others, and that they had<strong>of</strong>ten received suggestions in relation to setting a price. The majority <strong>of</strong> the participants hadattempted to leave prostitution; however, most were drawn back due to lack <strong>of</strong> money. Overhalf <strong>of</strong> the respondents to the questionnaire disclosed childhood sexual abuse. Compared withPakeha respondents, a larger percentage <strong>of</strong> Maori, followed by Pacific peoples, disclosedsexual abuse as a child. The authors suggest that young people who have experienced a highrate <strong>of</strong> sexual abuse, and who are living apart from their parents, may be more vulnerable tocommercial sexual activity exploitation.Saphira, M., & Herbert, A. (2004). Victimisation among those involved in underage commercialsexual activity. Retrieved November 1, 2005, from ECPAT NZ Web site:http://www.ecpat.org.nz/pdf/victimisation.pdfSee: www.nzfvc.org.nz/12225.pubTopic Areas: Child abuse and neglect, Physical abuse, Sexual abuse, Women, Children,Adolescents, Maori, Pacific peoplesAbstract: This study explored the occurrence <strong>of</strong> <strong>violence</strong> in the lives <strong>of</strong> those people whobecame involved in commercial sexual activity before the age <strong>of</strong> 18 years. The study wascompleted in the Auckland, Northland and Waikato regions, and participants either completeda questionnaire or were interviewed. Respondents were predominantly <strong>of</strong> Pakeha or Maoridescent. Where a participant had become a prostitute before 18 years <strong>of</strong> age, they were askedabout childhood sexual abuse, and about sexual and physical assault since being involved inthe sex trade. Results showed that over half <strong>of</strong> the participants in this study disclosedchildhood sexual abuse. This rate was higher than that <strong>of</strong> a South Island study that did notinclude Maori, Pacific or transgender participants.160
Saville-Smith, K. (2000). Familial caregivers’ physical abuse and neglect <strong>of</strong> children: A literaturereview. Wellington, New Zealand: Ministry <strong>of</strong> Social Policy. Retrieved October 31, 2005,fromhttp://www.msd.govt.nz/documents/publications/sector-policy/familialcaregiverslitreview.pdfSee: www.nzfvc.org.nz/11993.pubTopic Areas: Child abuse and neglect, Physical abuse, Neglect, Families, Children, Childrenas victims, Care and protection, Cultural factors, Communities, Prevention/intervention/treatment, Cultural practiceAbstract: This literature review discusses in detail the characteristics and circumstances thatinform our understanding <strong>of</strong> physical abuse and neglect by familial caregivers. It recognisesthat there are multidimensional explanations for abuse and neglect which incorporatecomplex interactions between individuals, families, communities and cultural systems. Thereview concludes that treatment and prevention services need to reflect those complexinteractions. This review contributes significantly to <strong>research</strong>-based knowledge regardingdevelopment <strong>of</strong> care and protection policies and programmes. A discussion <strong>of</strong> the <strong>research</strong>method limitations and a strengths and weakness assessment <strong>of</strong> the <strong>research</strong> studies arereviewed within the report.Sch<strong>of</strong>ield, V. (2003). Elder abuse and neglect. Te Awatea Review, 1(1), 14-15, 18.See: www.nzfvc.org.nz/13009.pubTopic Areas: Elder abuse and neglect, Older personsAbstract: This article explores the issues around elder abuse and neglect, and identifies thatsubstantially more <strong>research</strong> is necessary within New Zealand. The few small-scale studiespreviously undertaken in this area differ widely in their results, and as yet cannot be used toprovide accurate generalised data across the field. The author identifies areas <strong>of</strong> futureconcern, including the current dearth <strong>of</strong> knowledge, the limited use <strong>of</strong> policy initiativeswithout a wider knowledge base, and the growing ageing population.Semple, R. J. (2001). Psychological abuse in intimate relationships: A New Zealand perspective. NewZealand Journal <strong>of</strong> Psychology, 30(2), 60-72.See: www.nzfvc.org.nz/13318.pubTopic Areas: Intimate partner abuse, Psychological/emotional abuse, Women, Perpetrators/<strong>of</strong>fenders, Legislation, Gender, Prevention/intervention/treatmentAbstract: This article discusses the prevalence and pervasiveness <strong>of</strong> psychological abuse inisolation from physical or sexual abuse. The author posits that, in New Zealand,psychological abuse may occur more frequently than both physical and sexual abuse. Theauthor defines psychological abuse for measurement purposes, as <strong>violence</strong> <strong>of</strong> this nature isdifficult to recognise. The widespread acceptance and tolerance <strong>of</strong> psychological abusetowards women, primarily due to overarching patriarchal beliefs <strong>of</strong> male control anddominance, is examined. Aspects <strong>of</strong> the Domestic Violence Act (1995) pertinent to this form<strong>of</strong> abuse are discussed. This article also analyses prevention and treatment programmes basedon a psycho-social perspective targeting both perpetrators and victims.Seuffert, N. (1996). Lawyering for women survivors <strong>of</strong> domestic <strong>violence</strong>. Waikato Law Review, 4(1),161
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IntroductionThis is an annotated bi
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and Employment, Hon. Steve Maharey.
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Abstract: This conference paper det
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violence incidents and people (offe
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less attention than other forms of
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Topic Areas: Intimate partner abuse
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jurisdiction, this paper discusses
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ehaviours, and explores current app
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of New Zealand’s care and protect
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family decision making that incorpo
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delivered based upon Maori conceptu
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intervention/treatment, Intersector
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professionals involved; however, th
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findings of the study present discu
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articulation of reasons for decisio
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and s16(b) of the Guardianship Act
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Abstract: This report provides an e
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familial relationships are also cit
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Topic Areas: Sexual abuse, Adolesce
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Smith did not consider the historic
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Waikato regions and replicates the
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contributes to internalising disord
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were 16 incarcerated offenders (age
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persons, Victims/survivors, Social
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the number of participants indicati
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towards a Masters in Public Health.
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neglect within communities by seeki
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aspects of a child’s development
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child abuse and maltreatment statis
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Topic Areas: Intimate partner abuse
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Topic Areas: Sexual assault/rape, W
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child sexual abuse. A review of the
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Topic Areas: Child abuse and neglec
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children who were hospitalised for
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Zealand: Te Puni Kokiri, Ministry o
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Abstract: This qualitative study in
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attering. The report then discusses
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well and those which need improveme
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Cultural practiceAbstract: This dis
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