Labour market performance and migration flows - European ...

Chapter IFinal Report promotion of youth and female employment and the gearing of public employmentservices to promote such employment.- Quick implementation of a regional Framework for Actions on Employment as agreed in theFirst Euro-Mediterranean Conference of Work and Employment Ministers in 2008; as seenwith the European experience with the European Employment Strategy, scope for regional cooperationis great in this field. Common objectives and policy-making framework, with aregion-wide system of multilateral progress monitoring by each partner, could provide theright incentives to share experiences and best practices, adopt effective policies and follow-upimplementation with a technical perspective.- In the framework of the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership, the undertaking of a region-widereview of the formulation and performance of national migration policies by AMCs and EUmigration policy instruments in relation to AMCs in order to identify the institutionalframework conducive to a synergy between the EU and AMCs in the labour migration field.- A region-wide review and monitoring of the working and impact of current bilateraltemporary and circular migration experiences, 66 assessing their economic, social and humandimensions, and detecting positive gains and outcomes could enhance cooperation and activatenew cooperative dynamics in the Euro-Arab Mediterranean context.- The establishment, within the legal framework of the Global Approach to Migration and theinstitutional framework of the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership, of a Skills Enhancement Fundaimed at addressing the issue of brain drain caused by the migration of highly-qualified workersfrom AMCs to the EU. This scheme, already foreseen in the European Commission’s GreenPaper on an EU Approach to Managing Economic Migration 67 , might be designed as a skilldevelopment cooperation fund (funded by resources beyond those already available for eachcountry under the European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument) whose amount wouldbe calculated as a function of the number of skilled migrants from AMCs coming to the EU in agiven period (for example, the last ten years). This fund would be earmarked for cooperationprogrammes aimed at 1) improving the skills of graduates staying in the county, 2) improvingthe quality of university programmes in the country, 3) increasing the number of graduatesproduced in the country (through scholarships), 4) encouraging the return of highly qualifiedmigrants to their country of origin. This scheme should not be interpreted as a “training formigration” scheme, but just as a way to compensate countries of origin for a part of the resourcesthey lose through migration, mitigate the negative impact of that loss and ensure that migrationis ultimately not detrimental to the human capital of the country. It would add to the incentivesAMCs have for investing in skill development of their labour force and, more importantly, to theresources they can mobilize for doing it.- Establishment of a regional system for disseminating employment offers throughout theEuro-Mediterranean region in order to better match the demand and supply of labour.- Establishing a Euro-Mediterranean programme of traineeships in European and AMCcompanies for AMC graduates and vocational training students.- Establishment of an EU-wide scheme to encourage return migration to AMCs, inparticular the return of skilled labour migrants, through appropriate incentivesimplemented at the EU Member State and AMC level, including the possibility ofreturning to countries of destination.66 See Section 4.2 on circular migration.67 COM (2004) 811 final, http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/com/2004/com2004_0811en01.pdf.101