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From Poverty to Power Green, Oxfam 2008 - weman

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FROM POVERTY TO POWERPacific region 155–6, 323; Solomon IslandsNatural Resources and Rights Coalition54Pakistan 46, 63, 75t, 97, 101, 276, 335Palestine 50, 81, 284–5, 398Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness(2005) 28, 366–7, 375, 377, 378Peru 54, 75t, 99–100, 144–5, 260, 279, 309,331Philippines:agricultural issues 129; civil societyactivism 60, 307; on debt relief 307;democratisation 79; as effective state 101;employment issues 165; financial crisis311; fishing industry 127b; intellectualproperty laws 330; land reform 75t, 76;migration 340; property rights issues 74politics:as change agent 439–40; civil societyinvolvement 60–1, 64–6, 84–5; andeffective states 95–7, 183; in internationalhumanitarian relief 386–7; politicalparties 11, 21, 61, 80, 84–5; producerorganisation involvement 137; andreligion 38–9, 92; and trade unions 41,160, 163; and violence 79, 81, 277;women’s involvement 83, 84; and youngpeople 35, 61; see also governmentspoverty:and access <strong>to</strong> information 53–4, 133, 204;and agriculture 121–3, 133, 141, 144;democracy and 80, 82–3; disease and2–3, 9, 232; economic growth and 5, 6,10, 179–81, 189–90, 191, 195–6; andeducation 9, 10, 11, 40–1, 42–4; andemployment 148–9, 150, 157, 166; andfood production 9–10, 142–3, 227; healthand 7, 8, 9, 11, 40, 231–2; human rightsand 27–8, 208; justice system and 11,97–8; markets and 7, 14, 108, 195–6, 220;migration and 2, 333, 337; and powerlessness7, 11, 27, 28, 86, 104; propertyrights and 58–9, 70, 71–2; reductionmeasures see poverty reduction; and risk11, 120, 198, 199–200, 203, 245, 247, 248,288; rural poverty 8, 119, 120, 121, 133,196, 203; and transnational corporations171, 176–7, 344; violence and 27, 200,274, 277, 278–9, 280; vulnerability and14, 120, 156, 199, 201, 203, 246, 247–8,288poverty reduction:active citizenship and 20, 144, 429; civilsociety involvement 61, 300, 301, 307;and climate change 266, 408, 410, 413,417, 419; from economic growth 110,180, 204, 429; effective states’ role 141–2;global governance role 292–4, 429; andinternational aid 354, 359b, 360b, 361b,362b; and international financial institutions7, 300; international trade role318; and redistribution of wealth179–80, 429; social protection measures207, 208, 211, 212–16, 214–15bpower:active citizenship 19, 20, 29, 439; changeand 433; democracy and 81, 103; andelites 28, 29, 30; and global governance293–4, 424; and human rights 23, 24,28–30; nature of 28–9; and poverty 7, 11,27, 28, 86, 104private sec<strong>to</strong>r:active citizenship and 14, 178; agricultureand 56, 123–6, 128, 132, 133; biofuelproduction 132; climate change strategies267, 418–19; corruption 48, 86, 87; debtrelief involvement 308–9; developingcountries involvement 123–5, 313; ineconomic growth 14, 163, 169–70, 196;effective states and 14, 163–4, 169, 170–1,178, 183; fast food chains 125–6, 137,419; in financial crises 313, 314; financialsec<strong>to</strong>r liberalisation 299, 313; in ‘flexibilisation’of labour 157, 159f; in HIV andAIDS protection 234–5; internationalhumanitarian relief 391; labour rightsand 65, 163, 164–5, 169, 170, 299; microfinanceand 221–3; ‘race <strong>to</strong> the bot<strong>to</strong>m’166–7, 176, 351; regulation and 48, 57,163, 170; small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) 169–71, 178; ‘s<strong>to</strong>p doingharm’ agenda 293, 429; supermarkets125, 144, 164, 165, 177–8; supply chains157, 159f, 164–5, 345, 348, 350; technologyand 14, 56–7, 128, 168, 170, 175,176; vulture funds 308, 309; see alsomarkets; transnational corporationsproducer organisations (POs) 134–5,135–6b, 136–8, 139property rights:agricultural land 58–9, 72, 73, 75t, 76–7,122f, 142; civil society campaigns 58–9,73, 74, 76; and development 71–3; and518

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