A Concise Encyclopedia of Hinduism Klaus K Klostermaie

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91 jyoti•floma in 1783, he founded Bengal Asiatick Society in 1784 (and remained its president till 1794). He studied Sanskrit, and produced the first translations into English of Kälidäsa’s Ÿakuntalä, Manusmøti, Hitopadeÿa, Gïtagovinda. justice See DHARMA. Jye•flhä South Indian goddess, identified with Sïtalä, the goddess of smallpox. jyotir-liöga (‘liöga made of light’) Twelve LI¢GAS (3) in famous places of pilgrimage (e.g. Kedarnäflh in the Himälayas), said to have come into existence without human agency, manifesting special potency. (See also SVAYAMBHÜ.) jyoti•a See ASTROLOGY. jyoti•floma A special Vedic SACRIFICE for the deceased.
K Kabïr (1440–1518) Famous poet-saint, composer of many hymns used by Hindus, Sikhs and Muslims, author of the Bijak and founder of the non-sectarian Kabïr-Panth. Kädambarï (1) Daughter of Chitraratha, king of the GANDHARVAS (1) and one of the sixteen sons of KAŸYAPA and Madirä (also called Väruöï, the goddess of wine). Kädambarï (2) Title of a Sanskrit prose work by Bäna (seventh century CE). Kaikeyï A princess of the Kaikeya nation, a major figure in the RÄMÄYA¢A, one of the three wives of Daÿaratha, and mother of BHARATA (3). When she nursed Daÿaratha back to life after he was severely wounded in a battle, he promised to grant her any two wishes. Prompted by her maid-servant Mantharä, and fearing that Daÿaratha’s eldest son, Räma, would kill his rivals, she used this promise to prevent Räma from ascending the throne, and to send him into a 14-year forest exile. Kailäsa Mountain in the Himälayas, Ÿiva’s heaven. kaivalya (‘aloneness’) The ultimate aim of PATAÑJALA YOGA. Käla (‘time’) A name of YAMA, the king of the dead. (See also TIME.) Kalahasti Famous Ÿiva temple in Andhra Pradesh, connected with the story of how an elephant, a spider and a snake gained salvation by worshipping a Ÿiva LI¢GA (3). Kälarätrï (‘black night’) One of the names and forms of the Goddess (DEVÏ). Kälï (1) (‘the black one’) In the Vedas the name was associated with AGNI, who was represented as having seven tongues to devour butter: kälï was his black or terrible tongue. Kälï (2) (‘black [Goddess]’) The fierce aspect of DEVÏ, associated with disease, death and terror. She is usually represented by a black image, with a red tongue protruding from the mouth and a garland of skulls around the neck. In former times she was placated with human SACRIFICES; today she is honoured by the sacrifice of goats, which are decapitated. Kälï and DURGÄ
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A CONCISE ENCYCLOPEDIA of HINDUISM
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A CONCISE ENCYCLOPEDIA of HINDUISM
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Contents Acknowledgementsvi Preface
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Preface To write a concise encyclop
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ix Preface Concise Encyclopedia of
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A Concise Encyclopedia of Hinduism
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adhidaivata 16 dharma he will appea
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Agnihotra 18 number of bricks (10,8
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Akhil Bhäratïya Vidyärthi Pari
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Änanda Tïrtha 22 Änanda Tïrtha
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Äpastamba 24 Äpastamba Ancient wr
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arghya 26 One story explains its or
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ashes 28 expected to become more an
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a•flävaraæa 30 a•flävaraæa
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Aughara 32 Aughara A branch of the
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B Bädämi Ancient temple site in t
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Bhägavata Puräæa 36 the Mahäbh
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Bhärgavas 38 Jänatä Party in 198
Page 51 and 52: ïja-mantra 40 may be preferable to
Page 53 and 54: Brahma Puräæa 42 Vi•æu and rec
Page 55 and 56: eath control 44 followers of CAITAN
Page 57 and 58: C caitanya See CONSCIOUSNESS. Caita
Page 59 and 60: caæõäla 48 famous for its realis
Page 61 and 62: Cidambaram 50 The Churning of the O
Page 63 and 64: cow 52 the physical universe. (See
Page 65 and 66: Dak•iæeÿvara 54 Dak•iæeÿvar
Page 67 and 68: Daÿa-padärtha Ÿästra 56 Pärvat
Page 69 and 70: Devï Bhägavata Puräæa 58 Devï
Page 71 and 72: Divodäsa 60 Dïpävali (Divälï)
Page 73 and 74: Durväsas 62 Durväsas (‘ill-dres
Page 75 and 76: E Edgerton, Franklin (1885-1963) Or
Page 77 and 78: equality of women 66 result of deba
Page 79 and 80: F faith (viÿväsa, ÿraddhä) In a
Page 81 and 82: Frauwallner, Erich 70 Frauwallner,
Page 83 and 84: Gaæeÿa 72 Returning to India in 1
Page 85 and 86: ghï 74 ghï Clarified butter, an i
Page 87 and 88: Gokula 76 founded the Servants of I
Page 89 and 90: grammar 78 grammar See VYÄKÄRAŒA
Page 91 and 92: happiness 80 one of the four places
Page 93 and 94: Hindu Mahäsabhä 82 Hindu Mahäsab
Page 95 and 96: I icchä (‘desire’, ‘wish’)
Page 97 and 98: International Transcendental Medita
Page 99 and 100: jägarita sthäna 88 by two smaller
Page 101: jätï 90 jätï (‘birth-group’
Page 105 and 106: Kalpa-sütra 94 Kalpa-sütra One of
Page 107 and 108: Karpatriji Maharaj 96 and found by
Page 109 and 110: Kauverï 98 Kauverï Major river in
Page 111 and 112: krodha 100 krodha (‘anger’) One
Page 113 and 114: Kuruk•etra 102 Kuruk•etra (‘t
Page 115 and 116: Lava 104 Lava The younger of the tw
Page 117 and 118: M Macdonell, Arthur Anthony (1854-1
Page 119 and 120: Magadha 108 BCE). Until about the f
Page 121 and 122: Mähär 110 supposed to be circumsc
Page 123 and 124: Mänasa 112 Mänasa, also Mänasasa
Page 125 and 126: Manu 114 transmission of a mantra f
Page 127 and 128: Mätøkas 116 in today’s Kerala.
Page 129 and 130: Meykaæõa(deva) 118 Meykaæõa(dev
Page 131 and 132: moon 120 moon The hundreds of synon
Page 133 and 134: music 122 worshipped with flowers,
Page 135 and 136: näga 124 näga (2) Naked ascetics,
Page 137 and 138: Nära-Närada 126 time it takes to
Page 139 and 140: Nimbärka 128 Nimbärka, also Nimä
Page 141 and 142: O Oldenberg, Hermann (1854-1920) On
Page 143 and 144: P padapaflha The text of the Veda i
Page 145 and 146: panth(a) 134 accomplishments of the
Page 147 and 148: Pätañjala Yoga 136 Pätañjala Yo
Page 149 and 150: patita 138 independently, without s
Page 151 and 152: pradak•iæa 140 pradak•iæa See
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prati-•flhäpana 142 prati-•flh
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Purï 144 Purï See JAGAN-NÄTHA PU
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R Rädhä, also Rädhikä The favou
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Räma Tïrtha, Swämi 148 AVATÄRA
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Räm(a)däs(a) 150 death and Räma
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enouncer/renunciation 152 and autho
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Ø•abha 154 best known accomplish
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S Ÿäbara (first century BCE) (‘
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Sadä-ÿiva 158 Sadä-ÿiva The for
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Ÿäkafläyana 160 Ÿäkafläyana A
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Sadhyäbhä•a 162 Sadhyäbhä•a
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Saögam 164 Saögam (2), also Canka
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Sarasvatï 166 ÿarïra See BODY.
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sat-putra-märga 168 sat-putra-mär
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Sen, Keshub Chandra 170 According t
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Sïtä 172 between upapätaka (‘l
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smaraæa 174 smaraæa (‘rememberi
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Ÿrïraögam 176 Ÿrïraögam Situa
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•ukla-pak•a 178 ÿukla-pak•a
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svayam-vyakta 180 which are conside
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Tantra 182 Tantra (2) A form of Hin
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ut these differences are not relate
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tïrtha 186 sequence can no longer
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tri-mürti 188 tri-mürti (‘three
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tyäga 190 tyäga (‘renunciation
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Umäpati 192 Umäpati (‘lord of U
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V vac (‘speech’, ‘word’) In
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Vaiÿya 196 saƒpradäya, founded b
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Värkarïs 198 was constructed in 1
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Vedäægas 200 Vedäægas (‘limbs
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Veökafleÿvara 202 Veökafleÿvara
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vïrya 204 contentment, ritual acti
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Viÿva-näflha 206 Viÿva-näflha (
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W war (vigraha) Hindu history, from
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word 210 books on Tantric Hinduism,
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yama 212 who have died. In the epic
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Yogaväsi•flha Rämäyaæa 214 4,
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Chronology The chronology of Ancien
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Appendices Appendix One: The Philos
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Thematic Index Mythology Ancestors,
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A Concise Encyclopedia of Hinduism Klaus K Klostermaie

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