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4 Stries to d b)y a irroup hpro am n:) tho r) 7W t~ x-~i~ i . .;-'7 rW ~ everyone to~ thi",i k aL- pr)rt } T,& air WitLL. OUT Y8*rTURN,o~e~o10oA *NSG mIt4r 4 'Ar 1 .* MY TheUseof.ccrriprismplae iso esi hehharmawrs'et hjj been B~~~d ith exm is if ae,71an 143T,6 animals to halp people reali' t tny4~s,rpI I~rct~ hite c~~ro Lh,4 or povwdered~6srik~' (>
S. Acting out stories In Lardin Gaa, Nigeria. *j0riPs wi2.) healthl ,,s.,es are often acted out by those who h(ear triem. Firs a.sic,y is :uld 'y group gi leader. 'Fhen one nerson repeats it and cveiyorie corn!nents on ;'o,,. 'Aeii 11 w.ris retold, ,inaZt details were forgotten, mnd how s !Sro',.:s are often ad('Icd to or improved as learners retell them.) Finally, t e group .*cts out thw! story. Here is an example.' There wos n vomn called Pokte wn .ohd cans and bottles. All Around her vrd wete Cans and bOttite wi:h water in thin. Mdram Poi, tao"VoJtOjnw wai ;o. Vy getting fever. 0)r-day. 1t.- tnyhad , ,., , On3 day the heard :thou a healtr .Aorke,C!,tBq to her v,liae. SGle wont end told :iira|ut hur stan's de;-Iii. So !he health worker won, with Madam r'okta iOt..!r hOuse. Whr they jaei'.d, inoquitOes were bu--irng 'v.iwhere bneumse it iwslate afltrnoon'. The health w.trk'er saw the trns and bottlet lviiq around he9dache 3nd a hih 1-iver with clhillL. Madam POka wont 1o lnesv.)ee and lu;-nt W4fen!, in then. Aad lie (aspirinwith callein) to,Ih)boy, but not brinq The te,n.r down. So h;t t*'k;, t0 the native healer. v,ho rook a kroife end :ur tl'H bay'. chhhSt and sugrked owt sorn-.; t!ond. ._.' ... en', g little °eum m ;rkaullers' " ibeby is .,itncsl a tha water. - - . 59 oltcw1i *O !a t.Idsm Po 13 - "ld atrrniquirot-5 Soon l ter, twe toy died. M.adoa P .ktj -.-s _e l.m .31eria atifd(ie.T ]eth or unhappy for a long .:re. Sho , t ty d;leaned ut he- ord. rnr.he told her ,heshou'd understand why Ina biV htd hAd c ruh hrin.l h-., othe childten To he malaria. cltaink ev-ivv She r%,onth ihO!,i.)hi IL, .-eriup *.h e oy .4a ,t l.J-,ay c:.uo d r,'live .ar 0ff/irrpil's (t)o'r .a'r vl aria. meant to live, Tihey becairit rc:ahh:nr ,anc allwere h.powar. After the stcely has been acted out, r:,; jn -I ili oup , ask. each other questions about it and make up sonus ,bo!!. the main h-a~th mesag.s. With all this repetition 1hrol ig stories, rring, Jisv.,s;:. anMi .ongs, pe.t.le reme<strong>mb</strong>er well. 7. Analyzing stories for hidden or harrafil! mnesages Sometimes stories used tor he.aith teacnir, .:arry hidden m!e:saues that were not intended. If story telling is to help people irn i.orfi:ence in thanmeives and pride in their own culture, care must bu taken nDt to make iloca ways or parsons look all bad, and outside ways or persotns look all good. If the weakness of a ;ocal custom is pointed out, a benreficia) custom .!Iould also be mentioned. If a srory tells of a traditional healer who does SOlnething harnful, it is best it another traditional healer (raier han an outsider) fnds out ard howr people a better way. In the story about maldria, notice Ptat M.a-tan, Pokta first tries self-care (she buys Caffenol). This tails. Nex: :-he fjoe. to a traditionIlh5.,,ver. His treatment also fails, and may even have made the (:hild ,,.rse. At last she goes to an outside health worker, whose advice ; sucCaOsful. The hidden mess;ages inthe story are "Su, f-care is wron ."".raditlonal medicine iswrong," and "Outside ad.vice is right."',Although rhefstorh adam Pokta is in many ways excellent, .,ch rr.-essage:; can acru, Iywaken people's confiderce in their own experience and abiIi ty to iii arisvera for thtemrselves. Health workers need to an!,,,Ze the ston-:: they use t.l!-iake sure that hidden messages are community strengihening. cjre this story from Lardin GdbCs with the story from Inais at the b ' ning i t.- Czaote,-. chis 'Adorted frnm t a book litcald H.alth "[2omhiungfo WK.'rC4 fic.-J: ,Sinri., (I'rij.. cod Sanr, edi leO by Oavid Hfllo. Avw ;ab;,I,,nr'n MAt' itirerlva Iuai. S'. .Wh t, . OI,7,U.S.. 17-, a Z-7 13-9
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WATER AND SANITATION FORHEALTHPROJE
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WASH FIELD REPORT NO. 99 TRAINING I
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4.6 Evaluation ... . ... ..........
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Staffing and transport requirements
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Malawi =area .,-Osok a . asama / '
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only one consultant) and by the Gov
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3.1 Introduction Chapter 3 THE TRAI
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Wednesday Afternoon 1:30-5:30 pm -
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A cadre of trainers, some of them w
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1. Learning by Doing; The workshop
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4.5 Agenda The agenda for each of t
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The written examination on workshop
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5.4 Production of Visual Aids Tangi
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Chapter 6 OUTCOMES AND CONCLUSIONS
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APPENDIX A WATER AND SANITATION FOR
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t+,I: IV W." M4 pl, FfOi€ AC +-,
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Tl\I' ING COLBULTAT TEIS OF REFERE1
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Participants: Leaders: Visitor: APP
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IoB.C& Vumbe J.W. Kanthalo A-It Chi
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APPENDIX E MAILYASTMES kIWMAYztix U
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SUPPLEMENT TO WASH FIELD REPORT NO.
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CONTENTS PAGE 1. INTRODUCTION 1. 1.
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1.4 Site The TOT was held at Msamba
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2.1 Tuesday Morning (Continued) Act
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2.2 Wednesday Morning (Continued) T
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2.3 Wednesday Afternoon (Continued)
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2.4 Thursday Morning (Continued) Di
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2.5 Thursday Afternoon (Continued)
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2.7 Friday Afternoon (Continued) Th
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3.1 Participant Responses to Evalua
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4. Recommendations 4.1 More Time Du
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Participants: Leaders: Visitor: TRA
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THE LECTURETTE Description This is
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CASE STUDY AND CRITICAL INCIDENTS D
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Description INSTRUMENTATION Instrum
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Determine the number of role player
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GROUP DISCUSSION Description Center
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Don't allow one or more members to
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In a leadingquestion, the answer is
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.:.
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ABOUT DEMONSTRATIONS What A demonst
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When and Where Plan when and where
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8 Here is an outline for planning a
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CONDUCTING YOUR DEMONSTRATION E' 'T
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EVALUATE YOUR DEMONSTRATION Everyon
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WHO IS A LEADER? Anyone in the viil
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Some people have one kind and some
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ho meaning of "responsibility" fort
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joyed it. If you train leaders to d
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EXPER ,NTIAL TRAlLiG IETHODOLOGY Th
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D£.zing this phase it is not possi
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The Role of The Trainer in Experien
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Task Analysis (Ccnt'd) -2- Much of
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7aak-Ana.&sis (Cont 'd) -4- The nex
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Task Analysis (Cont'd) This, obviou
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1. ORDERS: "Don't do that anymore !
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MIN TASK: or = ±\owedereuie Codecs
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A Behavioral Objective is not conce
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Some of these actions might include
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-6- MAIN POINTS ABOUT FEH{VIORTL O3
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CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 2. TRAININ
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Chapter 2 TRAINING SESSIONS 2.1 Int
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Project Background and Strategy (Co
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Village Leadership (Continued) NOTE
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2.4 Co-ordination with Water Depart
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2.5 Village Inspection Skills 3 hou
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Village Inspection Skills (Continue
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Review of Village Inspection Visit
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Evaluation of the workshop (Continu
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2.9 Sanitation Technology 5 hours O
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2.10 Introduction to Village Health
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2.11 What HE - 3 Adults to Learn 1
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What helps Adults to Learn (Continu
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2.12 Effective Questioning 1 hour O
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Effective Questioning (Continued) 3
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2.13 Leading a Discussion 3 1/2 hou
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Leading a Discussion (Continued) 4.
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Problem Analysis - Introduction, Pr
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2.15 Review of Problem Analysis Vil
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Review of Problem Analysis Village
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Communicable Diseases (Continued) 5
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2.17 infestations 50 minutes Object
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Diarrhea, Dehydration and Rehydrati
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Lesson Planning (Continued) LUNCH 7
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2.20 Giving Training Lessons 7 hour
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2.22 Final Review of Recording and
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1983 Project Objectives (Continued)
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Last Day (Continued) Activities: (C
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Newsprint - 500 sheets APPENDIX B T
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C-1 REPORT ON NATIOI&L SEMINAR FOR
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14 INTRODUCT ION _HEALTH OUCATION A
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4e RESOURCE PIMONS -3 A variety o
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-5-. OPINGQ SPEicII Seminar Partici
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-7- Participants then marked a pape
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-9- Each group should then discuss
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9 In addition to the.,alrcZy S; ' c
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0 FIRST R' P% ' par SC ticipation L
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* *o 0 *b. 0b. 10. PerSonaI-;l T'11
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T1 t S T ,aionsGrat rpit>~ inaon~ 0
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- 19 6a12 Deve len a Framiework
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- 21 - Question 6: How relovant wor
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4.4 Goais of the Workshop C-2 By th
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NAIE STATION c-4 1R&H DUOAION AND I
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Page 209 and 210: It should be kept in mind that the
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Page 219 and 220: 13 VIT4 AGINS)PC,I01T '13.1 Pupose
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Page 223 and 224: 13.4.1.6 Dish RacKs -5- Cccasionall
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Page 229 and 230: TASK 14 Why People Behave in Unheal
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Page 233 and 234: -3 9. Mosquitoes. Wet pits encourag
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Page 237 and 238: C-12 LOOKING AT COMMUNITY LEADERSHI
Page 239 and 240: C-13 WHAT HELPS ADULTS TO LEARN? IN
Page 241 and 242: Refs No. -WSS/21/24 C-15 MINISTRY O
Page 243 and 244: C-16 MISTRy OF HEALTH HOSP. WORKSHO
Page 245 and 246: CONJUNCTIVIT IS ~c-i 7 Conjunctivit
Page 247 and 248: R=IYfRAT ION DehYdrati6n is a serio
Page 249 and 250: 0 LESSON PLANNING What (Content) Ho
Page 251 and 252: C-22 CHAPTER 13 Janaki and Saraivwa
Page 253 and 254: So Janaki discussed the!se customs
Page 255 and 256: STORY TELLING AS A TOOL FOR TEACHIN
Page 257: In this book we use ,alot of storie
Page 261 and 262: TASK 15 The Village Health Game STA
Page 263 and 264: C-25 HESP PROJECT OBJECTIVES By 31s
Page 265 and 266: PERCENTAGE RECKONER NUMBER OF LATRI
Page 267 and 268: HEALTH EDUCATION AND SANITATION PPC
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Page 271 and 272: - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - -
Page 273 and 274: ~*4~~ 7 co-, * a 0 0 0 Submitted by
Page 275 and 276: Nearest Health Unit (name, type) Vi
Page 277 and 278: Name__ SUNDAY -1 L MONDAY L L k'LHI
Page 279: - 2 6. Which of the following disea
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