Environmental Profiles of Chemical Flame-Retardant Alternatives for

Study
Reference
Species
Tested
Ref. 4, 5 Daphnia
magna
48-Hour
LC 50
3.8
mg/L
(95%
CI: 3.5­
4.2
mg/L)
Table 4-2. Summary of available acute invertebrate toxicity studies for Proprietary A a
Study
Type
Flowthrough
Concentrations
Tested
Negative control,
solvent control
(dimethylformamide),
0.98,
1.6, 2.8, 3.8, 5.1
mg/L
Selected Study Design Parameters
No. of
Organisms/
Concentration
Analytical
Monitoring
Water
Chemistry Solvent
10 Yes pH: 8.3
Temp:
20±2°C
DO: $8.5
mg/L (94%
of air
saturation
value)
Hardness:
126 mg/L as
CaCO 3.
Dimethylformamide
a Studies that were either published in a foreign language or that were not readily and that were not critical to the hazard assessment were not retrieved.
4-35
Comments on the Data
Daphnids in the negative and
solvent control groups appeared
normal, as did the organisms in
the 0.98 and 1.6 mg/L groups.
Mortality in the 2.8, 3.8, and 5.1
mg/L groups was 0, 70, and
80%, respectively. Daphnids
(15%) in the 2.8 mg/L group
were lethargic at study
termination.
The amount of solvent used in
the control group and the
Proprietary A treatments is
estimated to be approximately
300 mg/L. This exceeds the
recommended maximum solvent
concentration of 100 mg/L. The
estimate is based on a reported
dimethylformamide volume of
0.1 ml, a test chamber volume
of 300 ml and a specific gravity
of 0.95.