Environmental Profiles of Chemical Flame-Retardant Alternatives for

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Flame Retardant Alternatives Proprietary G: Triaryl phosphate, isopropylated Hazard Review 10-1
Proprietary G: Triaryl phosphate, isopropylated Existing Data Summary Table – Human Health Endpoints T= Endpoint characterized by existing data * = Data available but not adequate Y = Endpoint not applicable As noted in this key, a check mark indicates that an endpoint was adequately characterized by existing studies. It does not indicate a positive or negative result for that particular endpoint. Acute Toxicity Oral * Dermal * Inhalation Eye irritation * Dermal irritation * Skin sensitization Subchronic Toxicity 28-Day oral * 90-Day oral Combined repeated dose with reproduction/ developmental toxicity screen 21/28-Day dermal 90-Day dermal 90-Day inhalation Reproductive Toxicity Reproduction/ developmental toxicity screen Combined repeated dose with reproduction/ developmental toxicity screen Reproduction and fertility effects Developmental Toxicity Reproduction/ developmental toxicity screen Combined repeated dose with reproduction/ developmental toxicity screen Prenatal developmental Chronic Toxicity Chronic toxicity (two species) Combined chronic toxicity/ carcinogenicity Carcinogenicity Carcinogenicity (rat and mouse) Combined chronic toxicity/ carcinogenicity 10-2 Neurotoxicity Acute and 28-day delayed neurotoxicity of organophosphorus substances (hen) Neurotoxicity screening battery (adult) Developmental neurotoxicity Additional neurotoxicity studies Immunotoxicity Immunotoxicity Genotoxicity T Gene mutation in vitro * Gene mutation in vivo * Chromosomal aberrations in vitro Chromosomal * aberrations in vivo DNA damage and * repair Other *
Page 1 and 2:
Volume 2 Chemical Hazard Reviews Fu
Page 3 and 4:
LIST OF TABLES Page 1-1 Summary of
Page 5 and 6:
Flame Retardant Alternatives Triphe
Page 7 and 8:
Triphenyl Phosphate: Existing Data
Page 9 and 10:
Type: Acute oral LD50 Species, stra
Page 11 and 12:
concentration was much higher, but
Page 13 and 14:
Vehicle: Not reported, but acute or
Page 15 and 16:
• 90-Day Oral Toxicity in Rodents
Page 17 and 18:
Subchronic Inhalation Toxicity: 90-
Page 19 and 20:
hydroureter, enlarged ureter proxim
Page 21 and 22:
NEUROTOXICITY Conclusion: The avail
Page 23 and 24:
Critical Studies Type: Delayed neur
Page 25 and 26:
Neurotoxicity (Adult) Conclusion: T
Page 27 and 28:
Species, strain, sex, number: Rat,
Page 29 and 30:
Type: Mitotic Gene Conversion Speci
Page 31 and 32:
Study Reference Ahrens et al., 1978
Page 33 and 34:
Study Reference Geiger et al., 1986
Page 35 and 36:
Study Reference Mayer et al., 1981
Page 37 and 38:
Study Reference Sasaki et al., 1981
Page 39 and 40:
those reported in the publicly avai
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44:
Algal Toxicity (OPPTS Harmonized Gu
Page 45 and 46:
Study Reference Millington et al.,
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Chronic Toxicity to Fish (OPPT Harm
Page 51 and 52:
Chronic Toxicity to Aquatic Inverte
Page 53 and 54:
Log K ow Reference 4.63 Saeger, 197
Page 55 and 56:
Oxidation/Reduction: No data Oxidat
Page 57 and 58:
Bioconcentration Environmental Fate
Page 59 and 60:
Fish Metabolism: Conclusion: The me
Page 61 and 62:
Study Type/ Method Innoculum Acclim
Page 63 and 64:
Sediment/Water Biodegradation: Conc
Page 65 and 66:
References Ahrens, V; Henion, J; Ma
Page 67 and 68:
Dorby, A; Keller, R. 1957. Vapor pr
Page 69 and 70:
Johnson, MK. 1975. Organophosphorus
Page 71 and 72:
Perry, R; Green, D. 1984. Vapor pre
Page 73 and 74:
Flame Retardant Alternatives Tribro
Page 75 and 76:
Tribromoneopentyl alcohol: Existing
Page 77 and 78:
Results: Male mortality was 2/5 at
Page 79 and 80:
Additional Study: An acute inhalati
Page 81 and 82:
application, four rabbits displayed
Page 83 and 84:
Bladder effects were seen in some o
Page 85 and 86:
• Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity
Page 87 and 88:
• Immunotoxicity (OPPTS Harmonize
Page 89 and 90:
tissue, one with rabbit tissue) sug
Page 91 and 92:
Acute Toxicity to Aquatic Organisms
Page 93 and 94:
1-Propanol, 2,2-dimethyl-, tribromo
Page 95 and 96:
Environmental Fate Bioconcentration
Page 97 and 98:
References AmeriBrom, Inc. 1982a. A
Page 99 and 100:
Flame Retardant Alternatives Tris(1
Page 101 and 102:
Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phospha
Page 103 and 104:
Species, strain, sex, number: Rat,
Page 105 and 106:
Results: No mortality after 14 days
Page 107 and 108:
Additional Studies: Another study,
Page 109 and 110:
occurred in treated groups compared
Page 111 and 112:
high enough to induce significant r
Page 113 and 114:
Doses: 0, 25, 100, and 400 mg/kg/da
Page 115 and 116:
mid-dose of 20 mg/kg/day as a LOAEL
Page 117 and 118:
Critical Studies Type: Acute oral d
Page 119 and 120:
English summary and therefore could
Page 121 and 122:
Basis for Conclusion: TDCPP has bee
Page 123 and 124:
Gene Mutation in Vivo: C Sex-linked
Page 125 and 126:
TDCPP administered as 2,000 mg/kg b
Page 127 and 128:
Another study showed that the 96-ho
Page 129 and 130:
Study Reference Akzo- Nobel, Inc.,
Page 131 and 132:
Study Reference Sasaki et al., 1981
Page 133 and 134:
Table 3-2. Summary of available acu
Page 135 and 136:
hours (Unpublished study conducted
Page 137 and 138:
Terrestrial Organism Toxicity Acute
Page 139 and 140:
Oxidation/Reduction: No data Meltin
Page 141 and 142:
pH: This chemical does not contain
Page 143 and 144:
Species Rate Comment Reference Kill
Page 145 and 146:
Pyrolysis Products Reference When h
Page 147 and 148:
Brusick, D; Matheson, D; Jagannath,
Page 149 and 150:
Majeska, JB; Matheson, DW. 1983. Qu
Page 151 and 152:
Thomas, MB; Collier, TA. 1985. Tolg
Page 153 and 154:
Proprietary A: Chloroalkyl phosphat
Page 155 and 156:
Proprietary A: Chloroalkyl phosphat
Page 157 and 158:
Basis for Conclusion: The available
Page 159 and 160:
Additional Studies and Information:
Page 161 and 162:
Conclusion: The available subchroni
Page 163 and 164:
Basis for Conclusion: No repeated-e
Page 165 and 166:
Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Stu
Page 167 and 168:
Combined Chronic Toxicity/Carcinoge
Page 169 and 170:
Basis for Conclusion: The delayed n
Page 171 and 172:
histopathological effects in the ne
Page 173 and 174:
Immunotoxicity (OPPTS Harmonized Gu
Page 175 and 176:
C In vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Muta
Page 177 and 178:
Chromosomal Aberration in Vivo: C M
Page 179 and 180:
Aquatic Organism Toxicity Ecotoxici
Page 181 and 182:
Study Reference Species Tested Ref.
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Acute Toxicity to Freshwater Invert
Page 187 and 188:
Chronic Toxicity to Freshwater and
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
CAS MF MW SMILES Physical/Chemical
Page 193 and 194:
Vapor Pressure (torr//C) Reference
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Study type/ Method Innoculum Acclim
Page 199 and 200:
Flame Retardant Alternatives Propri
Page 201 and 202:
Proprietary B: Aryl phosphate Exist
Page 203 and 204:
ACUTE TOXICITY Human Health Endpoin
Page 205 and 206:
Additional Studies and Information:
Page 207 and 208:
were elevated in all treated groups
Page 209 and 210:
Basis for Conclusion: No pertinent
Page 211 and 212:
Experiment B. Doses were chosen bas
Page 213 and 214:
These studies may be indicated, for
Page 215 and 216:
• Mammalian Bone Marrow Chromosom
Page 217 and 218:
• Algal Toxicity (OPPTS Harmonize
Page 219 and 220:
Bioconcentration Fish: No data Daph
Page 221 and 222:
Flame Retardant Alternatives Propri
Page 223 and 224:
Proprietary C: Chloroalkyl phosphat
Page 225 and 226:
Basis for Conclusion: Acute oral to
Page 227 and 228:
Acute Eye Irritation (OPPTS Harmoni
Page 229 and 230:
Critical Studies: Type: Dermal sens
Page 231 and 232:
C Reproduction/Developmental Toxici
Page 233 and 234: • Combined Chronic Toxicity/Carci
Page 235 and 236: Gene Mutation in Vitro: • Bacteri
Page 237 and 238: Acute Toxicity to Aquatic Organisms
Page 239 and 240: • Acute Oral Toxicity in Birds (O
Page 241 and 242: Corrosion Characteristics: No data
Page 243 and 244: determined at 50°C and it was foun
Page 245 and 246: Proprietary D: Reactive brominated
Page 247 and 248: Chemical Identity Proprietary D: Re
Page 249 and 250: Acute Dermal Irritation (OPPTS Harm
Page 251 and 252: • Prenatal Developmental Toxicity
Page 253 and 254: Gene Mutation in vitro C Bacterial
Page 255 and 256: • Chronic Toxicity to Freshwater
Page 257 and 258: Bioconcentration Fish: No data Daph
Page 259 and 260: Proprietary E: Tetrabromophthalate
Page 261 and 262: Proprietary E: Tetrabromophthalate
Page 263 and 264: • Reproduction and Fertility Effe
Page 265 and 266: GENOTOXICITY Conclusion: No availab
Page 267 and 268: Acute and Subchronic Toxicity to Te
Page 269 and 270: Bioconcentration Fish: No data Daph
Page 271 and 272: Proprietary F: Halogenated aryl est
Page 273 and 274: Proprietary F: Halogenated aryl est
Page 275 and 276: REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY Conclusion: N
Page 277 and 278: • Neurotoxicity Screening Battery
Page 279 and 280: Basis for Conclusion: No pertinent
Page 281 and 282: Henry’s Law Constant: No data 9-1
Page 283: Anaerobic Biodegradation: No data P
Page 287 and 288: Proprietary G: Triaryl phosphate, i
Page 289 and 290: Acute Inhalation Toxicity (OPPTS Ha
Page 291 and 292: SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY Subchronic Oral
Page 293 and 294: • Prenatal Developmental Toxicity
Page 295 and 296: Composition of Proprietary G assaye
Page 297 and 298: Several components of the [Formulat
Page 299 and 300: As described in unvalidated robust
Page 301 and 302: Acute Toxicity to Aquatic Organisms
Page 303 and 304: Proprietary G: Triaryl phosphate, i
Page 305 and 306: Sediment/Water Biodegradation: No d
Page 307 and 308: Proprietary H: Halogenated aryl est
Page 309 and 310: Proprietary H: Halogenated aryl est
Page 311 and 312: REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY Conclusion: N
Page 313 and 314: IMMUNOTOXICITY Conclusion: No avail
Page 317 and 318: Henry’s Law Constant: No data 11-
Page 319 and 320: Anaerobic Biodegradation: No data P
Page 321 and 322: Proprietary I: Organic phosphate es
Page 323 and 324: Proprietary I: Organic phosphate es
Page 327 and 328: CARCINOGENICITY Conclusion: No avai
Page 329 and 330: No studies were located that were r
Page 331 and 332: • Chronic Toxicity to Freshwater
Page 333 and 334: Explosivity: No data Corrosion Char
Page 335 and 336:
Anaerobic Biodegradation: No data P
Page 337 and 338:
Proprietary J: Aryl phosphate Exist
Page 339 and 340:
Proprietary J: Aryl phosphate Synon
Page 341 and 342:
Results: No deaths. Clinical signs
Page 343 and 344:
As described in a robust summary, m
Page 345 and 346:
third animal on days 2 and 3 only.
Page 347 and 348:
however, identify target organs tha
Page 349 and 350:
Basis for Conclusion: The only avai
Page 351 and 352:
Basis for Conclusion: The available
Page 353 and 354:
EPA proposed guidelines (Ref. 58).
Page 355 and 356:
[Formulation 2] (typically 43% Prop
Page 357 and 358:
No additional, pertinent acute toxi
Page 359 and 360:
Proprietary J: Aryl phosphate CAS M
Page 361 and 362:
Odor: No data Oxidation/Reduction C
Page 363 and 364:
Page 365 and 366:
Degradation and Transport Photolysi
Page 367 and 368:
Sediment Temp. T 1/2 Comments Refer
Page 369 and 370:
Proprietary K: Aryl phosphate Exist
Page 371 and 372:
Proprietary K: Aryl phosphate CAS M
Page 373 and 374:
• Reproduction and Fertility Effe
Page 375 and 376:
GENOTOXICITY Conclusion: No availab
Page 377 and 378:
Acute and Subchronic Toxicity to Te
Page 379 and 380:
Page 381 and 382:
Proprietary L: Aryl phosphate Exist
Page 383 and 384:
Proprietary L: Aryl phosphate Synon
Page 385 and 386:
• Reproduction and Fertility Effe
Page 387 and 388:
GENOTOXICITY Conclusion: No availab
Page 389 and 390:
Acute and Subchronic Toxicity to Te
Page 391 and 392:
Page 393:
United States Environmental Protect
show all

Environmental Profiles of Chemical Flame-Retardant Alternatives for

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?