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Thixoforming : Semi-solid Metal Processing

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On the other hand, these features can be used to develop unique properties, as has<br />

been shown by the improvements in hardness/wear and temperature stability as a<br />

consequence of novel microstructures or microstructure gradients. In general, heat<br />

treatments after thixoforming should be adapted to this process in order to make full<br />

use of its potential.<br />

<strong>Thixoforming</strong> will not become a low-cost alternative to forging or to casting. There<br />

is a chance that, in combination with difficult geometric requirements, with specific<br />

mechanical needs or with simultaneous fusion/bonding of different materials,<br />

thixoforming will become an alternative to established process routes.<br />

References<br />

1 Joly, P. and Mehrabian, R. (1976) The<br />

rheology of a partially <strong>solid</strong> alloy. Journal<br />

of Materials Science, 11, 1393–1418.<br />

2 Kumar, P., Martin, C. and Brown, S. (1993)<br />

Shear rate thickening flow behaviour of<br />

semi-<strong>solid</strong> slurries. <strong>Metal</strong>lurgical and<br />

Materials Transactions A, 24 (5),<br />

1107–1115.<br />

3 Kumar, P., Martin, C. and Brown, S. (1994)<br />

Constitutive modelling and<br />

characterization of the flow behaviour of<br />

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flow response. Acta <strong>Metal</strong>lurgia et<br />

Materialia, 42 (11), 3595–3602; Martin, C.,<br />

Kumar, P. and Brown, S. (1994)<br />

Constitutive modelling and characterization<br />

of the flow behaviour of semi-<strong>solid</strong><br />

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Sonderforschungsbereichs 289, Deutsche<br />

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5 Kiuchi, M. and Kopp, R. (2002) Mushy/<br />

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Referencesj101<br />

7 Suery, M., Matin, C. and Salvo, L. (1996)<br />

Overview of the rheological behaviour of<br />

globular and dendritic slurries. Proceedings<br />

of the 4th International Conference on<br />

<strong>Semi</strong>-<strong>solid</strong> <strong>Processing</strong> of Alloys and<br />

Composites, Sheffield, pp. 21–29.<br />

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Viskosit€atsmessungen an fl€ussigen<br />

<strong>Metal</strong>len und <strong>Metal</strong>llegierungen. <strong>Metal</strong>l,<br />

38, (12), 1152–1160.<br />

9 Barnes, H. (1997) Thixotropy – a review.<br />

Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,<br />

70 (1), 1–33.<br />

10 Chiarmetta, G. and Rosso, M. (2000)<br />

Proceedings of the 6th International<br />

Conference on <strong>Semi</strong>-<strong>solid</strong> <strong>Processing</strong> of<br />

Alloys and Composites, Turin.<br />

11 Tsutsui, Y., Kiuchi, M. and Ichikawa, K.<br />

(2002) Proceedings of the 7th International<br />

Conference on <strong>Semi</strong>-<strong>solid</strong> <strong>Processing</strong> of<br />

Alloys and Composites, Tsukuba.<br />

12 Alexandrou, A. et al. (2004) Proceedings of<br />

the 8th International Conference on <strong>Semi</strong><strong>solid</strong><br />

<strong>Processing</strong> of Alloys and Composites,<br />

Limassol.<br />

13 Wu, S., Wu, X. and Xiao, Z. (2004) A model<br />

of growth morphology for semi-<strong>solid</strong><br />

metals. Acta Materialia, 52, 3519–3524.<br />

14 Flemings, M. (1991) Behavior of metal<br />

alloys in the semi<strong>solid</strong> state. <strong>Metal</strong>lurgical<br />

Transactions A, 22A (5), 957–981.<br />

15 Gullo, G. (2001) Thixotrope Formgebung von<br />

Leichtmetallen – Neue Legierungen und<br />

Konzepte, Dissertation der

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