Domestic technical textiles Industry Segment-wise consumption of ...

Both woven and non-woven geosynthetics are used. Geosynthetic clay liners consist of non-woven
fabric layers of 180-250 GSM with an intermediate layer of Bentonite mineral (Unit Mass: 1-5 kg/sq
m). Geotextiles used for filtration/cushion are typically high GSM (285 – 3000) non-woven fabrics.
HDPE geomembranes are manufactured using approximately 97% high molecular weight
polyethylene, 2 to 3% carbon black, and 0.5 to 1.0% stabilizers and antioxidants. Some salient
features of HDPE geomembrane include chemical resistance, low permeability and ultraviolet
resistance. The thickness of this geomembrane is 2 mm.
Market dynamics and key growth drivers:
Issue of waste management has seen rising public and government awareness over the years. Waste
can be categorized as Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) and Hazardous Waste (HW).
The per capita MSW generated in India ranges from above 100 grams in small town to over 600
grams in large cities. In India these are collected by respective municipalities and transported to
disposal sites which are normally low lying areas outside the city. Given the limited revenues of
municipalities, most bodies have not been able to afford the treatment and disposal of MSW required
under environmental guidelines. Not surprisingly, many urban waste sites pose a serious health
hazard for the semi-urban/rural communities nearby. Municipal Solid Wastes (Management &
Handling) Rules, 2000 (MSW Rules) are applicable to every municipal authority responsible for
collection, segregation, storage, transportation, processing and disposal of municipal solid. In early
2007, only a handful of urban areas – Surat, Pune, Ahmedabad Urban Development Authority, Puttur,
Karwar, Navi Mumbai and Bangalore had engineered landfill sites.
Hazardous waste consists of corrosive, reactive, ignitable and toxic wastes. India produces at least 8
million tones of HW every year (CPCB data submitted to Supreme Court Monitoring Committee,
2006). These in turn are currently dumped at over 118 known sites in India. Waste
Management/Pollution Control was largely under the purview of Central Pollution Control Board at
the central level and State Pollution Control Boards/ Pollution Control Committees. This is under the
ambit of the Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1989 notified by the Ministry of
Environment & Forests (MoEF) under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (further amendments
made in the year 2000 and 2003)
In 2003, basis the hearings of a PIL filed in the Supreme Court of India, the Supreme Court directed
major changes in the Waste Management system in India. Amendments were made in the Hazardous
Waste Rules and a monitoring committee set up. Subsequently, as per those directives, all states have
to set up suitably prepared landfill sites and Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facilities (TDSF). For
Municipal Waste, CPCB and MOEF have instituted a scheme for setting up of demonstration project
for solid waste management in accordance with MSW Rule, with 12 projects across 12 states. The