EPA Review Annex Documents - DFID

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Of The Investment Policy For The Implementation Of The Ecowas Common Investment Market, Accra, Ghana Meeting of Dialogue and Project of Regional Sensitive List S/W Ghana/Nig/Sen/CI Grand Bissau Validation Workshop of Regional Sensitive Products Dakar Senegal ECOWAS Validation Workshop on Regional Sensitive Products, Burkina faso, Extra-ordinary meeting of the ministerial monitoring committee (mmc) meeting nouakchott, Mauritania, Quadraphite Consultative Meeting CI, Ghana, Senegal, Nigeria, Abidjan, CI Advisory Committee on EPA, Abuja African Workshop on EPA (Reaping the benefits of EPAs) Ethiopia Advisory Committee on EPA, Abuja Tech Committee on EPA Abuja Bolingo Hotel 2nd Forum of ECOWAS Affairs Harnessing Agric potential regional partnership, Burkina faso Training Workshop on the CGE Model, Dakar Senegal Interactive Session on the EU-ECOWAS EPA within which senate committees on common, Abuja 2-4 December 2008 4-5 August 2008 14-16 October 2008 18- 21 February200 8 2-4 December 2008 29-31 July 2008 8-10 October 2008 3 3 262 2358 1152 3296.4 5654.4 2 5 262 2620 1301 6204.6 8824.6 3 4 262 3144 442 1686.3 4830.3 4 7 262 7336 1310 8746.5 16082. 5 3 2 262 1572 498 950.0 2522.0 3 0 0 0.0 23592. 5 3 10 262 7860 2128 20297. 28157. 2 2 39848 1 10 0 0.0 0.0 23 March 2009 12-14 February 2009 23-27 February 2009 31 March 2009 1 27 0 0.0 0.0 3 1 262 786 442 383.3 1169.3 5 4 262 5240 1301 4512.4 9752.4 1 3 0 0.0 0.0 MMC Abuja Ecowas 12-15 May 2009 4 7 0 0.0 0.0 Thematic Working Group 13-15 July 3 2 262 1572 1301 2256.2 3828.2 on West Africa Market Access Offer. Dakar Senegal 2009 TWG on ECOWAS MO 1-5 5 2 262 2620 206 357.2 2977.2 Accra GHANA September 2009 TWG on West Africa MO 13-15 July 3 2 262 1572 1301 2256.2 3828.2 Dakar Senegal 2009 ASSESSING & 14-17 4 7 262 7336 1301 7896.7 15232. 131
ADDRESSING THE LABOUR MARKET EFFECTS OF EPAs- WEST AFRICA, Dakar Senegal September 2009 Inauguration of NFP 40087 1 2 0 0.0 29881. 0 WTO Informal Ministerial 3-4 2 3 262 1572 4386 11409. 12981. Meeting India September 09 4 4 231,01 5 Source: Computed from field data The role of the ECOWAS Commission during the negotiations has revolved around helping Nigeria participate in the negotiations especially outside Abuja which is where the Commission is located. ECOWAS partly funded the trips to Brussels, and paid for Nigeria’s national consultants’ attendance at Dakar and Abidjan. Members of staff of the Trade Department of ECOWAS attended national workshops when invited to clarify negotiation issues. It is believed that the ECOWAS role has been quite helpful to Nigeria in the negotiations, despite on occasion when Nigerian stakeholders are suspicious of good intentions of ECOWAS. The suspicion arose as a result of the structure of the staffing in the secretariat where the population of officials from Francophone West Africa seems to outnumber the Anglophone. Since this perception is not from the government, it should be disregarded. Government officials’ perception of the role of ECOWAS Commission in the negotiations is that it provides the necessary guidelines and methodology for the process towards reaching regional and EPA agreements. This includes discussions leading to the adoption of the 5 th band of the CET and related issues, sensitive products, and West Africa market access offer, among others. ECOWAS’s stance is that Nigeria should show leadership in the process by not only ensuring that it interrogates how the EPA will impinge on its development interests but also by accommodating small and vulnerable economies’ interests in the negotiations so it is possible for the EPA can help achieve the long sought regional integration in West Africa . 4. Costs of Counterfactual Negotiations Section 4 contains the quantification of costs of counterfactual negotiations such as a bilateral trade agreement, including the GSP+, AGOA. Table 8 indicates that the costs involved in negotiating some trade agreements exemplified on the table are incredibly low when compared to the cost of the EPA negotiations. However, comparison of the totals could be considered unreasonable if there are differing objectives. The EPA involves a reciprocal trade agreement between two unequal partners. The disadvantaged partner requires understanding of the implications of that free trade on its own socio-economic and political structures. None of the issues on Table 8 have the capacity to substantially alter the socio-economic and political equation of Nigeria as much as the EPA. There was a meeting involving travel to USA whose cost can be compared to meetings involving travel to Germany or Brussels for example, under EPA negotiations. While it costs $50,000 to travel for discussions at the TIFA Council meeting in the USA, the cost of a similar meeting under the EPA, such as the Stakeholders meeting on the 10th European Development Fund (EDF), Bonn, Germany was $11,571.4. Similarly, the highest cost of travelling to Brussels to meet with the EC was $17,308.5. Thus, while EPA is costlier in the aggregate because of the discussions in the several negotiation areas, it appears cheaper when individual processes that are similar are quantified. 132 7
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EPA Review Annex Documents by Insti
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Part Three: EPAs as Instruments for
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Part One: Literature Review 4
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countries demanded more precision a
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essential and fundamental of EPA (h
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EPA group. However, after phase II
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Disagreements also existed on other
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ules of origin as a basis for negot
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would not meet WTO provisions. Even
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is only just about to conclude an i
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The EC took almost nine months to a
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Caribbean The CARIFORUM EPA was the
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services, CARIFORUM countries commi
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2006. Moreover, PACP countries cons
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Table 3 Main Problems and Divergenc
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4. Final comments The EPA’s negot
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creation) but can also lead to impo
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preferences and hence are likely to
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3. Impact of the EPAs by Region One
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Cape Verde (loss of 4.1% of GDP) an
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SSA ECOWAS CEMAC COMESA EAC Table 2
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Perez (2005) CGE, 2001 base year 80
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Whilst most studies appear to agree
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7. Annex Literature Countries Metho
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Hinkle and Schiff (2004) "Economic
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Milner, Morressey and McKay (2008)
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Karingi et al (2005) “Assessment
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Greenaway and Milner (2003) "a grim
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Perez, R (2005) “ Are the Economi
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Case Studies Lessons 1. Introductio
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trade relation and negotiation matt
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EPAs negotiation process is paralle
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• EPA team The EPA negotiating te
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- State Secretariat of Environment
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Technical Negotiation Group (TNG) m
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spent for these impact assessment s
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Other opportunity costs Another imp
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Since domestic constituencies tend
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Table 11 Negotiating Meetings and R
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• An estimated $214,000 in travel
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Page 89 and 90: Ethiopia - List of RNF meetings Amo
Page 91 and 92: Nigeria Cost of EPA negotiation-rel
Page 93 and 94: Dominican Republic Distribution of
Page 95 and 96: 1. Overview of existing resources f
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Page 101 and 102: dedicated sessions during the year
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Page 107 and 108: Ethiopia took a clear stance from t
Page 109 and 110: 4. Perspectives on EPA negotiations
Page 111 and 112: 5. Qns: Had you had more resources,
Page 113 and 114: ) Basic knowledge on Cotonou Agreem
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Page 117 and 118: System Improvement & Human Resource
Page 119 and 120: List of RNF meetings 118 ANNEX VII
Page 121 and 122: EPA Review Study Nigeria December,
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Page 125 and 126: which appear to have crowded out ac
Page 127 and 128: Table 3 Resource Detail of Intra-Af
Page 129 and 130: Table 5 Capacity Building Programme
Page 131: Table 7 Cost of EPA Negotiation-Rel
Page 135 and 136: Table 9 Annual Cost of Nigeria Trad
Page 137 and 138: Though the current negotiating stru
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Page 141 and 142: understand the changing environment
Page 143 and 144: 7. Summary of Findings and Main Les
Page 145 and 146: opportunity cost could be quite sub
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Page 149 and 150: 5. Appendices Appendix Table 1 Rang
Page 151 and 152: EPA Review Study Dominican Republic
Page 153 and 154: c. Technical Level At a regional le
Page 155 and 156: 2) From the ministers of trade of C
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Page 163 and 164: Figure 2 CARIFORUM Dimensions Diffe
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Page 167 and 168: Table 4 Average Monthly Salaries EP
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Page 173 and 174: 5. Perspectives of EPA negotiations
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Page 179 and 180: 8. Annexes Interviews Name Institut
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o 05-06: Joint Meeting of the Prime
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o 10-13: 12 th Meeting of CARIFORUM
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Trinidad & Tobago, 11-15 mayo 2007
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Reviewing services negotiations in
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Table 2 MMain differeences in serrv
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3. Services coverage in the CARIFOR
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In this exercise, it is important t
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196 ANNEX Provisions of the agreeme
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Tariff and Non-tariff barriers in E
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products could be extended until ye
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extended to the original partner. F
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than the rate applied on the proces
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RoO and the EPAs 1. Introduction Ru
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Table 1 Similarity of EAC countries
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that value added in ACP countries o
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The EU has yet to deliver a simple
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arrangements, are constrained by pr
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and non-oil exporting countries wit
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Common Market for Eastern and South
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to be seen. The Ethiopia case study
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fact that countries either export o
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development assistance in the EPA.
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References Bilal, S. and Stevens, C
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SPS Issues in EPA Negotiations 1. B
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The SPS committee provides an oppor
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of equivalence. Clearly, the Econom
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In the case of Ghana, where there i
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which relevant entities within thei
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Specific provisions While the final
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‘.....In addition, the Parties sh
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imparted to EPA signatories. In pra
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of the EC Party when these products
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So what have the EPA negotiations a
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Region/Country Year Total 2002 2003
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EAC CARIFORUM PACP Region/Country Y
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EAC CARIFORUM PACP Region/Country N
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EAS SADC EAC Country/Region Mycotox
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Country/Region West Africa CEMAC Co
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Development Finance and EPAs 1. Int
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evenues, one of the main sources of
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References Braun-Munzinger, C. ( 20
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