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(MOB 8), and a lead plate representing Heracles holding a hind (MOB 9). According to my catalog, the Punta Scifo A shipwreck was carrying no fewer than 16 column shafts, 15 bases decorated with lions’ paws, 14 blocks, 13 basins, six statue pedestals, four marble slabs, and one statuette. Forty-two artifacts were available for study, while 27 others are missing at present. Table 7 presents all the marble artifacts from Punta Scifo A arranged according to type classification of three letters followed by their catalog number. The catalog nomenclature is found on p. ix, and pictures for each item appear alongside in Appendix 1. Little is known regarding the five Attic column bases (ABA 1-5) and three Ionic column capitals (ICA 1-3) today located at the Nautical Museum of Capo Colonna, and in the “Caputi” public square in Croton. They are not mentioned in Orsi’s reports, and while their maritime provenience is clear due to the sea weathering and encrustation still visible on their surfaces, it is not known whether they came from the Punta Scifo A shipwreck or from another site in the area of Croton. My own impression, however, is that both Paolo Orsi and the Forcellini company, who recorded even heavily-eroded artifacts like the pedestal MPL 3, would not have omitted such well-preserved bases and capitals from their accounts. I suspect therefore that these items come from a different site. According to Pensabene, who recorded three bases and three capitals of the total eight in 1978, their marble comes from Docimium, but it is not pavonazzetto. It is a whiter variety of stone, similar to pavonazzetto but without the purple veins, called White Synnadic. For this reason they are included in the Catalog in Appendix 1, but are not associated with the artifacts from Punta Scifo A. 115 115 Pensabene 1978a, 108. 82
Table 7. Catalog of marble artifacts from the Punta Scifo A shipwreck. (1908-2007). Current Location Source Description (Original Reference) Artifact Type Discovery Year LABRA LAB 1 1908 Diameter: 2.0 m Tarentum Orsi 1911, 119 Height: 0.85 m LAB 2 1909 Diameter: 1.88 m Entrance of Croton Orsi 1911, 119-20 Height: 1.20 m Archaeological Museum Height (base): 0.36 m LAB 3 1909 Diameter: 1.88 m Entrance of Croton Orsi 1911, 119-20 Height: 1.20 m Archaeological Museum Height (base): 0.36 m LAB 4 1983 “Fragments of 1 labrum 1.02 m wide.” Nautical Museum Pensabene 2002a, 36-7 Capo Colonna LAB 5 1915 “Labrum, 13 fragments.” Nautical Museum Report May 3, 1915, 1 Capo Colonna LAB 6 1915 “Labrum, just the bottom and pedestal.” Nautical Museum Report May 3, 1915, 1 Capo Colonna LAB 7 1915 “Labrum with rims corroded or broken, base Square “Antonio Caputi,” Report May 2, 1915, 1 extremely well preserved, slightly chopped at Croton the lower edge.” LAB 8 1915 “Labrum, very well preserved.” Unknown Report May 3, 1915, 1 LAB 9 1915 “Labrum, very well preserved.” Unknown Report May 3, 1915, 1 LAB 10 1983 “Fragments of 1 labrum 1.02 m wide.” Unknown Pensabene 2002a, 36-7 83
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MARBLE TRASPORT I THE TIME OF THE S
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ABSTRACT Marble Tranport in the Tim
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To Cesare and Gabriella Bartoli, fo
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I am deeply indebted to Dr. Deborah
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Artifacts: ABA Attic base BLC Block
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Page The 2006 Mapping Season.......
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Southern I
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Page Figure 29 Three-dimensional di
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Coordinates
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CHAPTER I ITRODUCTIO The research t
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to Tarentum. After locating these a
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the Peloponnese, which sailors had
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Calabria is 240 km long and reaches
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It is, therefore, easy to understan
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territory. These peaks would also h
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The relevance of the mountains gain
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Pseudo-Scylax, an anonymous geograp
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the castle but the sea around the i
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happens in the city of Egripos (mod
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e trusted. 41 Their legends explain
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Croton who discovered three of the
Page 50: or, thereafter, Roman Copia, flouri
Page 54 and 55: The Scirocco Wind and the Final Mom
Page 56 and 57: (Drawing: D. Bartoli).
Page 58 and 59: ancient settlements and ports locat
Page 60 and 61: The Punta Scifo A Shipwreck and Its
Page 62 and 63: Roman inscriptions on two of the th
Page 64 and 65: marble table, along with fragments
Page 66 and 67: and curiously some of the blocks an
Page 69 and 70: Fig. 20. The catamaran Juno at work
Page 71: The rocky spots close to the coastl
Page 74 and 75: Fig. 23. The launch used to reach t
Page 76: Results of the Studies The Punta Sc
Page 79 and 80: Item # Block/Slab Length (m) Table
Page 81 and 82: Item # Block/Slab Length (m) Table
Page 83: cargo was probably intended to prov
Page 86 and 87: of which was capped at 100 denarii
Page 88 and 89: Table 5. (continued). Tons Volume (
Page 90 and 91: Based on the available data, the ca
Page 92: CHAPTER III THE PUTA SCIFO A (“PA
Page 95 and 96: five more labra, two pedestals, and
Page 97 and 98: A small portion of the bottom of th
Page 99: ecovery efforts at the beginning of
Page 103 and 104: Table 7 (continued). Current Locati
Page 111 and 112: Column Shafts The Marble Elements f
Page 113 and 114: shafts quarried throughout the Roma
Page 115 and 116: superimposed columns is the basilic
Page 117 and 118: to their diameters. 126 As is shown
Page 119 and 120: This has been interpreted as: Loc(o
Page 121 and 122: administrative center in Synnada, b
Page 123 and 124: Marble Blocks At the time of its di
Page 125 and 126: pavonazzetto have squared or rectan
Page 127 and 128: Marble Basins (Labra) on-Architectu
Page 129 and 130: Table 12 shows the dimensions, both
Page 132 and 133: Pedestals Decorated with Lions’ P
Page 134 and 135: Table 13. Dimensions of the marble
Page 136 and 137: Stands Decorated with Lions’ Paws
Page 138: Fig. 37. Greek relief of the sixth
Page 142 and 143: Statue Pedestal # Table 17 (continu
Page 144: Fig. 43. Marks left from a statue
Page 147 and 148: trapezophoros, a vertical support f
Page 149 and 150: Fig. 45. (a) To the left a statue o
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In Sicily, A. J. Parker and D. M. S
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Bronze Ladles, Candelabrum, Lead De
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Conclusions Like all ancient shipwr
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CHAPTER IV THE PUTA SCIFO A SHIPWRE
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Empire’s most prominent cities. T
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Eastern materials with the modesty
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its ruling families could be preser
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concentrated his efforts on the eff
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vast quantities of marble, and Rome
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to open new quarries, hoping the in
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Palatine, and the Thermae Antoninia
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The Punta Scifo A shipwreck adds in
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157 made them white elephants; too
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oard among amphoras, kitchen cerami
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Table 18 (continued). Publication T
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Table 18 (continued). Publication T
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Table 20. Percentages of shipwrecke
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Table 22. Tonnage of known marble c
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with the major state-owned producti
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One characteristic that sets Procon
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175 Synnadic, or Phrygian, which re
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Sangarius River is at present a lit
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CHAPTER V SUMMARY AD FIAL COCLUSIOS
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uilding project, lead me to propose
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WORKS CITED Adam, R. 1990. Classica
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edited by M. Waelkens and Norman He
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Corcoran, S., and J. DeLaine. "The
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_______. 1989b. Cavum Antrum Phrygi
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___________. 1992. "Exportation of
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_________ and S. Festuccia. 1995. "
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Peacock, D. P. S., and D. F. Willia
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Richter, G.M.A. 1966. "The Furnitur
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Spagnoli, E. 2002. "Bolli in Piombo
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White, K.D. 1984. Greek and Roman T
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LAB 3. Labrum. Present location: Ar
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LAB 5. Labrum. Present location: Na
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LAB 7. Labrum. Present location: Ca
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211
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213
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215
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HPL 5. High pedestal stand with lio
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MPL 1. Medium pedestal stand with l
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MPL 2. Medium pedestal stand with l
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LPL 1. Low pedestal stand with lion
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LPL 2. Low pedestal stand with lion
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COL 1. Column shaft. Present locati
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COL 3B. Column shaft, fragment. Pre
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COL 3B COL 4 COL 3C 233
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STP 2. Statue Pedestal. Present loc
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241
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245
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249
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BLC 4. Block. Present location: Cap
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BLC 6. Block. Present location: Las
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BLC 8 Present location: Corazzo Des
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BLC 10. Block. Present location: Se
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BLC 12. Block. Present location: Se
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STA 1. Statuette of Eros and Psyche
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SLB 1. Marble slab. Present locatio
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ABA 2. Attic Base. Present location
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267
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ABA 5. Attic Base. Present location
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ICA 2. Ionic Capital. Present locat
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MOB 1. Mobile artifacts. (Coticulae
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MOB 3. Mobile artifact. (Amphora).
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MOB 6. Mobile artifacts. (Pitchers/
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MOB 7. Mobile artifacts. (Bronze la
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MOB 8. Mobile artifact. (Bronze can
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MOB 9. Mobile artifact. (Lead statu
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APPEDIX 2 TRASCRIPTIOS OF THE ORIGI
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[May 2, 1915]. English Translation.
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[3 maggio 1915]. Copia = L’anno m
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[15 maggio 1915]. R. SOPRITEDEZA AR
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[May 15, 1915]. English Translation
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These are the results of my mission
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Nel foglio M presento il disegno di
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I show on sheet M the drawing of on
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Circus Maximus, the other in the Ca
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Cic. Brut. 85: Memoria teneo Smyrna
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Myscellus, an Achaean by birth, wen
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311 ajgora;n para; tw`n Krotwviatw`
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Livy, 24.3.6: Magni igitur fructus
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Livy, 36.42.1-4: C. Livius praefect
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stabatque sibi non segnis achates /
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the former kings of Bithynia, thoug
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321 Plin. H 24.23.37: Spissarum uti
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of the emperor, so to contribute to
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325 The whole march from New Cartha
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Suet. Aug. 28: Urbem neque pro maie
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the territory of Thuria. And when t
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Verg. G. 3.219: Pascitur in magna S
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widely used in Byzantium made the l
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APPEDIX 5 ROMA QUARRY ISCRIPTIOS Ro
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• CAES(ura) followed by the name
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