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Fig. 23. The launch used to reach the archaeological sites in 2006. (Photo: D. Bartoli). Fig. 24. The tiny dinghy, towed from the shore and filled with tools and supplies. Since the wrecks of Punta Scifo A, B, and Capo Cimiti are located in a protected bay no more than 200 m offshore, it proved to be easier to reach them from the beach than from the sea, in the event of poor weather conditions. (Photo: D. Bartoli). 56
Such basic gear was more than enough to work comfortably on all the marble shipwrecks. Their depth is sufficiently shallow (no more than 8 m), and their location so close to the coastline, that more expensive equipment was not necessary. Additional measurements of the Punta Scifo A and B marble elements were taken. While only a few remains of the A site were still in situ, wreck B was much better preserved: the marble blocks and slabs of Punta Scifo B still retained their stacking pattern, preserving the cargo’s original disposition within the ship’s hull. Unfortunately, it provided impossible to make a new map of the shipwrecks using digital photography and PhotoModeler, due to the site unfavorable conditions. All the wrecks were too shallow, the areas too large, and the focal lengths of the camera lenses too long to allow for the incorporation of more than three or four blocks into any single image. As a result, it was not possible to obtain a general view of the wrecks and capture sufficient data points in the individual pictures for accurate image processing. After having collected information on the Punta Scifo A wreck, the INA survey team spent the remaining time documenting the other sites located in 2005 with basic measurements, photography, and video. The following pages present the new, firsthand information collected on these merchantmen; the Punta Scifo A shipwreck is discussed in Chapter III. 57
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MARBLE TRASPORT I THE TIME OF THE S
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ABSTRACT Marble Tranport in the Tim
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To Cesare and Gabriella Bartoli, fo
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I am deeply indebted to Dr. Deborah
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Artifacts: ABA Attic base BLC Block
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Page The 2006 Mapping Season.......
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Southern I
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Page Figure 29 Three-dimensional di
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Coordinates
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CHAPTER I ITRODUCTIO The research t
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to Tarentum. After locating these a
Page 25: the Peloponnese, which sailors had
Page 28: Calabria is 240 km long and reaches
Page 31: It is, therefore, easy to understan
Page 34: territory. These peaks would also h
Page 37 and 38: The relevance of the mountains gain
Page 39 and 40: Pseudo-Scylax, an anonymous geograp
Page 41: the castle but the sea around the i
Page 44 and 45: happens in the city of Egripos (mod
Page 46 and 47: e trusted. 41 Their legends explain
Page 48 and 49: Croton who discovered three of the
Page 50: or, thereafter, Roman Copia, flouri
Page 54 and 55: The Scirocco Wind and the Final Mom
Page 56 and 57: (Drawing: D. Bartoli).
Page 58 and 59: ancient settlements and ports locat
Page 60 and 61: The Punta Scifo A Shipwreck and Its
Page 62 and 63: Roman inscriptions on two of the th
Page 64 and 65: marble table, along with fragments
Page 66 and 67: and curiously some of the blocks an
Page 69 and 70: Fig. 20. The catamaran Juno at work
Page 71: The rocky spots close to the coastl
Page 76: Results of the Studies The Punta Sc
Page 79 and 80: Item # Block/Slab Length (m) Table
Page 81 and 82: Item # Block/Slab Length (m) Table
Page 83: cargo was probably intended to prov
Page 86 and 87: of which was capped at 100 denarii
Page 88 and 89: Table 5. (continued). Tons Volume (
Page 90 and 91: Based on the available data, the ca
Page 92: CHAPTER III THE PUTA SCIFO A (“PA
Page 95 and 96: five more labra, two pedestals, and
Page 97 and 98: A small portion of the bottom of th
Page 99 and 100: ecovery efforts at the beginning of
Page 101 and 102: Table 7. Catalog of marble artifact
Page 103 and 104: Table 7 (continued). Current Locati
Page 111 and 112: Column Shafts The Marble Elements f
Page 113 and 114: shafts quarried throughout the Roma
Page 115 and 116: superimposed columns is the basilic
Page 117 and 118: to their diameters. 126 As is shown
Page 119 and 120: This has been interpreted as: Loc(o
Page 121 and 122: administrative center in Synnada, b
Page 123 and 124: Marble Blocks At the time of its di
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pavonazzetto have squared or rectan
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Marble Basins (Labra) on-Architectu
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Table 12 shows the dimensions, both
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Pedestals Decorated with Lions’ P
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Table 13. Dimensions of the marble
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Stands Decorated with Lions’ Paws
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Fig. 37. Greek relief of the sixth
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Statue Pedestal # Table 17 (continu
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Fig. 43. Marks left from a statue
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trapezophoros, a vertical support f
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Fig. 45. (a) To the left a statue o
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In Sicily, A. J. Parker and D. M. S
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Bronze Ladles, Candelabrum, Lead De
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Conclusions Like all ancient shipwr
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CHAPTER IV THE PUTA SCIFO A SHIPWRE
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Empire’s most prominent cities. T
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Eastern materials with the modesty
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its ruling families could be preser
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concentrated his efforts on the eff
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vast quantities of marble, and Rome
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to open new quarries, hoping the in
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Palatine, and the Thermae Antoninia
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The Punta Scifo A shipwreck adds in
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157 made them white elephants; too
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oard among amphoras, kitchen cerami
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Table 18 (continued). Publication T
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Table 18 (continued). Publication T
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Table 20. Percentages of shipwrecke
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Table 22. Tonnage of known marble c
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with the major state-owned producti
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One characteristic that sets Procon
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175 Synnadic, or Phrygian, which re
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Sangarius River is at present a lit
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CHAPTER V SUMMARY AD FIAL COCLUSIOS
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uilding project, lead me to propose
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WORKS CITED Adam, R. 1990. Classica
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edited by M. Waelkens and Norman He
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Corcoran, S., and J. DeLaine. "The
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_______. 1989b. Cavum Antrum Phrygi
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___________. 1992. "Exportation of
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_________ and S. Festuccia. 1995. "
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Peacock, D. P. S., and D. F. Willia
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Richter, G.M.A. 1966. "The Furnitur
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Spagnoli, E. 2002. "Bolli in Piombo
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White, K.D. 1984. Greek and Roman T
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LAB 3. Labrum. Present location: Ar
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LAB 5. Labrum. Present location: Na
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LAB 7. Labrum. Present location: Ca
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211
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213
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215
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HPL 5. High pedestal stand with lio
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MPL 1. Medium pedestal stand with l
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MPL 2. Medium pedestal stand with l
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LPL 1. Low pedestal stand with lion
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LPL 2. Low pedestal stand with lion
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COL 1. Column shaft. Present locati
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COL 3B. Column shaft, fragment. Pre
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COL 3B COL 4 COL 3C 233
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STP 2. Statue Pedestal. Present loc
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241
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245
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247
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249
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BLC 4. Block. Present location: Cap
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BLC 6. Block. Present location: Las
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BLC 8 Present location: Corazzo Des
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BLC 10. Block. Present location: Se
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BLC 12. Block. Present location: Se
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STA 1. Statuette of Eros and Psyche
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SLB 1. Marble slab. Present locatio
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ABA 2. Attic Base. Present location
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267
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ABA 5. Attic Base. Present location
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ICA 2. Ionic Capital. Present locat
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MOB 1. Mobile artifacts. (Coticulae
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MOB 3. Mobile artifact. (Amphora).
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Page 297 and 298:
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MOB 6. Mobile artifacts. (Pitchers/
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MOB 7. Mobile artifacts. (Bronze la
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MOB 8. Mobile artifact. (Bronze can
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MOB 9. Mobile artifact. (Lead statu
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APPEDIX 2 TRASCRIPTIOS OF THE ORIGI
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[May 2, 1915]. English Translation.
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[3 maggio 1915]. Copia = L’anno m
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[15 maggio 1915]. R. SOPRITEDEZA AR
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[May 15, 1915]. English Translation
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These are the results of my mission
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Nel foglio M presento il disegno di
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I show on sheet M the drawing of on
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Circus Maximus, the other in the Ca
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Cic. Brut. 85: Memoria teneo Smyrna
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Myscellus, an Achaean by birth, wen
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311 ajgora;n para; tw`n Krotwviatw`
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Livy, 24.3.6: Magni igitur fructus
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Livy, 36.42.1-4: C. Livius praefect
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stabatque sibi non segnis achates /
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the former kings of Bithynia, thoug
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321 Plin. H 24.23.37: Spissarum uti
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of the emperor, so to contribute to
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325 The whole march from New Cartha
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Suet. Aug. 28: Urbem neque pro maie
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the territory of Thuria. And when t
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Verg. G. 3.219: Pascitur in magna S
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widely used in Byzantium made the l
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APPEDIX 5 ROMA QUARRY ISCRIPTIOS Ro
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• CAES(ura) followed by the name
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