Download Pdf of Dissertation - Nautical Archaeology at Texas A&M ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

BLC 13. Block. Present location: Seafloor, Punta Scifo. 260 Description: The block lies on a rocky seafloor, separated from the other marble elements. Its surface is completely covered with a thick layer of marine growth. Marble type: Unknown. Length: 4.65 m Width: 1.43 m Height: 0.62 m Bibliography: Pensabene 2002a, 37.
STA 1. Statuette of Eros and Psyche. Present location: Naval Museum, Capo Colonna. Description: This small sculptural group is well preserved, with few signs of marine encrustation. Eros lacks the head and part of his left arm, Psyche the right arm; Eros once had wings of which only the attachments survive. The base has angular cornices and four protruding square feet. P. Orsi does not mention this find among the material he catalogued in 1909 and 1915, and it is indeed proven that the sculpture was recovered from the bay of Punta Scifo in 1968 by local fishermen. 345 The Marquis Armando Lucifero bought the sculpture and donated it to the Archaeological Museum of Croton sometime before 1976. 346 In 1978, P. Pensabene saw in this representation of Eros and Psyche, a small, unfinished statuette. In his point of view the plinth, the hair and himation of Psyche, and Eros’ legs, had been left thicker than usual in order to make the artifact sturdier for transportation. C. Moss, however, disagrees with Pensabene and notes how the figures, even if superficially executed, display well-finished and almost polished surfaces. He sees, therefore, in this object not a statuette but rather a trapezophoros, a supporting pillar for a marble table which, due to its function, did not have to be perfectly finished. Considering that the shipwreck’s cargo contained at least two marble slabs that could serve as table tops, Moss’ hypothesis originally seemed more convincing, but after considering the total height of the statuette (1.30 m) and comparing it with other published trapezophori (averaging 0.75 m), 347 this artifact seems too tall for use as a table stand. F. Slavazzi noticed that the four elements under the base serve to affix the object to the ground, suggesting that the statuette was made for use outdoors, such as in gardens of a Roman villa. 348 The Mahdia wreck provides a similar bronze parallel in the form of a small statue of Eros. 349 Marble type: Pavonazzetto. 350 Height (total): 1.30 m Height (statue): 0.76 m Height (base) 0.54 m Width (base): 0.30 m; Depth (base): 0.25 m 351 Bibliography: Lucifero in Lenormant 1976, 223, n. 29; Pensabene 1978b, 233-4, fig. 1; Moss 1988, 205-6, figs. 1-2; Pensabene 2002a, 37. 345 Moss 1988, 386. 346 Lucifero in Lenormant 1976, 223, n. 29. 347 Andronico in De Nuccio and Ungaro 2002, 373, 74; Mastroroberto in De Nuccio and Ungaro 2002, 373-4, n. 75; Valeri in De Nuccio and Ungaro 2002, 375, n. 76; Mastroroberto in De Nuccio and Ungaro 2002, 375-6, n. 77. 348 Slavazzi 2001, 93. 349 Söldner 2004, 399-429. 350 Pensabene 1978b, 233. 351 Measurements from Pensabene 1978b, 233. 261
Page 1 and 2:
MARBLE TRASPORT I THE TIME OF THE S
Page 3 and 4:
ABSTRACT Marble Tranport in the Tim
Page 5 and 6:
To Cesare and Gabriella Bartoli, fo
Page 7 and 8:
I am deeply indebted to Dr. Deborah
Page 9 and 10:
Artifacts: ABA Attic base BLC Block
Page 11 and 12:
Page The 2006 Mapping Season.......
Page 13 and 14:
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Southern I
Page 15 and 16:
Page Figure 29 Three-dimensional di
Page 17 and 18:
LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Coordinates
Page 19 and 20:
CHAPTER I ITRODUCTIO The research t
Page 21 and 22:
to Tarentum. After locating these a
Page 25:
the Peloponnese, which sailors had
Page 28:
Calabria is 240 km long and reaches
Page 31:
It is, therefore, easy to understan
Page 34:
territory. These peaks would also h
Page 37 and 38:
The relevance of the mountains gain
Page 39 and 40:
Pseudo-Scylax, an anonymous geograp
Page 41:
the castle but the sea around the i
Page 44 and 45:
happens in the city of Egripos (mod
Page 46 and 47:
e trusted. 41 Their legends explain
Page 48 and 49:
Croton who discovered three of the
Page 50:
or, thereafter, Roman Copia, flouri
Page 54 and 55:
The Scirocco Wind and the Final Mom
Page 56 and 57:
(Drawing: D. Bartoli).
Page 58 and 59:
ancient settlements and ports locat
Page 60 and 61:
The Punta Scifo A Shipwreck and Its
Page 62 and 63:
Roman inscriptions on two of the th
Page 64 and 65:
marble table, along with fragments
Page 66 and 67:
and curiously some of the blocks an
Page 69 and 70:
Fig. 20. The catamaran Juno at work
Page 71:
The rocky spots close to the coastl
Page 74 and 75:
Fig. 23. The launch used to reach t
Page 76:
Results of the Studies The Punta Sc
Page 79 and 80:
Item # Block/Slab Length (m) Table
Page 81 and 82:
Item # Block/Slab Length (m) Table
Page 83:
cargo was probably intended to prov
Page 86 and 87:
of which was capped at 100 denarii
Page 88 and 89:
Table 5. (continued). Tons Volume (
Page 90 and 91:
Based on the available data, the ca
Page 92:
CHAPTER III THE PUTA SCIFO A (“PA
Page 95 and 96:
five more labra, two pedestals, and
Page 97 and 98:
A small portion of the bottom of th
Page 99 and 100:
ecovery efforts at the beginning of
Page 101 and 102:
Table 7. Catalog of marble artifact
Page 103 and 104:
Table 7 (continued). Current Locati
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Column Shafts The Marble Elements f
Page 113 and 114:
shafts quarried throughout the Roma
Page 115 and 116:
superimposed columns is the basilic
Page 117 and 118:
to their diameters. 126 As is shown
Page 119 and 120:
This has been interpreted as: Loc(o
Page 121 and 122:
administrative center in Synnada, b
Page 123 and 124:
Marble Blocks At the time of its di
Page 125 and 126:
pavonazzetto have squared or rectan
Page 127 and 128:
Marble Basins (Labra) on-Architectu
Page 129 and 130:
Table 12 shows the dimensions, both
Page 132 and 133:
Pedestals Decorated with Lions’ P
Page 134 and 135:
Table 13. Dimensions of the marble
Page 136 and 137:
Stands Decorated with Lions’ Paws
Page 138:
Fig. 37. Greek relief of the sixth
Page 142 and 143:
Statue Pedestal # Table 17 (continu
Page 144:
Fig. 43. Marks left from a statue
Page 147 and 148:
trapezophoros, a vertical support f
Page 149 and 150:
Fig. 45. (a) To the left a statue o
Page 151 and 152:
In Sicily, A. J. Parker and D. M. S
Page 153 and 154:
Bronze Ladles, Candelabrum, Lead De
Page 155 and 156:
Conclusions Like all ancient shipwr
Page 157 and 158:
CHAPTER IV THE PUTA SCIFO A SHIPWRE
Page 159 and 160:
Empire’s most prominent cities. T
Page 161 and 162:
Eastern materials with the modesty
Page 163 and 164:
its ruling families could be preser
Page 165 and 166:
concentrated his efforts on the eff
Page 167 and 168:
vast quantities of marble, and Rome
Page 169 and 170:
to open new quarries, hoping the in
Page 171 and 172:
Palatine, and the Thermae Antoninia
Page 173 and 174:
The Punta Scifo A shipwreck adds in
Page 175 and 176:
157 made them white elephants; too
Page 177 and 178:
oard among amphoras, kitchen cerami
Page 179 and 180:
Table 18 (continued). Publication T
Page 181:
Table 18 (continued). Publication T
Page 184 and 185:
Table 20. Percentages of shipwrecke
Page 186 and 187:
Table 22. Tonnage of known marble c
Page 188:
with the major state-owned producti
Page 191 and 192:
One characteristic that sets Procon
Page 193 and 194:
175 Synnadic, or Phrygian, which re
Page 196 and 197:
Sangarius River is at present a lit
Page 198 and 199:
CHAPTER V SUMMARY AD FIAL COCLUSIOS
Page 200 and 201:
uilding project, lead me to propose
Page 202 and 203:
WORKS CITED Adam, R. 1990. Classica
Page 204 and 205:
edited by M. Waelkens and Norman He
Page 206 and 207:
Corcoran, S., and J. DeLaine. "The
Page 208 and 209:
_______. 1989b. Cavum Antrum Phrygi
Page 210 and 211:
___________. 1992. "Exportation of
Page 212 and 213:
_________ and S. Festuccia. 1995. "
Page 214 and 215:
Peacock, D. P. S., and D. F. Willia
Page 216 and 217:
Richter, G.M.A. 1966. "The Furnitur
Page 218 and 219:
Spagnoli, E. 2002. "Bolli in Piombo
Page 220:
White, K.D. 1984. Greek and Roman T
Page 223 and 224:
LAB 3. Labrum. Present location: Ar
Page 225 and 226:
LAB 5. Labrum. Present location: Na
Page 227 and 228: LAB 7. Labrum. Present location: Ca
Page 229 and 230: 211
Page 231 and 232: 213
Page 233 and 234: 215
Page 235 and 236: HPL 5. High pedestal stand with lio
Page 237 and 238: MPL 1. Medium pedestal stand with l
Page 239 and 240: MPL 2. Medium pedestal stand with l
Page 241 and 242: LPL 1. Low pedestal stand with lion
Page 243 and 244: LPL 2. Low pedestal stand with lion
Page 245 and 246: COL 1. Column shaft. Present locati
Page 249 and 250: COL 3B. Column shaft, fragment. Pre
Page 251 and 252: COL 3B COL 4 COL 3C 233
Page 255 and 256: STP 2. Statue Pedestal. Present loc
Page 259 and 260: 241
Page 263 and 264: 245
Page 265 and 266: 247
Page 267 and 268: 249
Page 269 and 270: BLC 4. Block. Present location: Cap
Page 271 and 272: BLC 6. Block. Present location: Las
Page 273 and 274: BLC 8 Present location: Corazzo Des
Page 275 and 276: BLC 10. Block. Present location: Se
Page 277: BLC 12. Block. Present location: Se
Page 281 and 282: SLB 1. Marble slab. Present locatio
Page 283 and 284: ABA 2. Attic Base. Present location
Page 285 and 286: 267
Page 287 and 288: ABA 5. Attic Base. Present location
Page 289 and 290: ICA 2. Ionic Capital. Present locat
Page 291 and 292: MOB 1. Mobile artifacts. (Coticulae
Page 293 and 294: MOB 3. Mobile artifact. (Amphora).
Page 299 and 300: MOB 6. Mobile artifacts. (Pitchers/
Page 301 and 302: MOB 7. Mobile artifacts. (Bronze la
Page 303 and 304: MOB 8. Mobile artifact. (Bronze can
Page 305 and 306: MOB 9. Mobile artifact. (Lead statu
Page 307 and 308: APPEDIX 2 TRASCRIPTIOS OF THE ORIGI
Page 309 and 310: [May 2, 1915]. English Translation.
Page 311 and 312: [3 maggio 1915]. Copia = L’anno m
Page 313 and 314: [15 maggio 1915]. R. SOPRITEDEZA AR
Page 315 and 316: [May 15, 1915]. English Translation
Page 317 and 318: These are the results of my mission
Page 319 and 320: Nel foglio M presento il disegno di
Page 321 and 322: I show on sheet M the drawing of on
Page 323 and 324: Circus Maximus, the other in the Ca
Page 325 and 326: Cic. Brut. 85: Memoria teneo Smyrna
Page 327 and 328: Myscellus, an Achaean by birth, wen
Page 329 and 330:
311 ajgora;n para; tw`n Krotwviatw`
Page 331 and 332:
Livy, 24.3.6: Magni igitur fructus
Page 333 and 334:
Livy, 36.42.1-4: C. Livius praefect
Page 335 and 336:
stabatque sibi non segnis achates /
Page 337 and 338:
the former kings of Bithynia, thoug
Page 339 and 340:
321 Plin. H 24.23.37: Spissarum uti
Page 341 and 342:
of the emperor, so to contribute to
Page 343 and 344:
325 The whole march from New Cartha
Page 345 and 346:
Suet. Aug. 28: Urbem neque pro maie
Page 347 and 348:
the territory of Thuria. And when t
Page 349 and 350:
Verg. G. 3.219: Pascitur in magna S
Page 351 and 352:
widely used in Byzantium made the l
Page 353 and 354:
APPEDIX 5 ROMA QUARRY ISCRIPTIOS Ro
Page 355 and 356:
• CAES(ura) followed by the name
show all

Download Pdf of Dissertation - Nautical Archaeology at Texas A&M ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?