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14. Seoul Olympic Arts Festival 14.1 The Seoul Olympic Arts Festival 14.1.1 —————————————– Planning and Preparations Through the Olympic culture-arts festival, the host country introduces its culture and arts to a worldwide audience, provides an opportunity of crossfertilization for different cultures and arts, affords its people a chance to appreciate foreign cultures and arts. The Seoul Olympic Arts Festival set up the following objectives: • To introduce to the world the unique characteristics of Korean traditional culture and arts. • To present balanced and varied programs representing traditional and modern culture and arts of all regions of Korea. • To operate the festival in such a manner as to turn it into a world festival dedicated to the ideals of reconciliation and progress. In order to successfully achieve the above objectives, the basic policy was implemented to reflect the views and opinions of artists and cultural leaders through their participation in the planning and execution of the festival programs. The Seoul Olympic Arts Festival began with the Gala Opening at the National Theater on August 17, 1988, a month before the opening of the Seoul Olympics, and lasted for 50 days until October 5. Performances were held at no fewer than 32 venues including the National Theater, Sejong Cultural Center, Hoam Art Hall, Seoul Arts Center, National Classical Music Center, Munye Theater, Seoul Nori Madang, Munhwa Gymnasium, Youido Plaza, and the Han Riverside Parks, and in 21 cities and towns along the Olympic torch relay course. Exhibitions were held at 19 venues including the National Museum of Korea, in Seoul and five other national museums in provincial areas, the National Museum of Contemporary Art, Seoul Metropolitan Museum of Arts, Sejong Cultural Center, Kyongbok Palace, National Classical Music Center, Olympic Park, Korea Exhibition Center, and the Olympic Stadium Exhibition Deck. The Seoul Olympic Arts Festival consisted of galas, performances and exhibition programs. The festival programs were organized by the SLOOC, the Seoul City, the National Theater, the Korean Culture and Arts Foundation and 28 other arts and cultural organizations. A total of 30,722 artists and 528 organizations, including 2,399 foreign artists of 43 organizations in 72 foreign countries, participated in the festival. The following 73 countries took part in the Seoul Olympic Arts Festival: From Asia: Bangladesh, Chinese Taipei, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Korea, Leba- non, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Syria, Thailand and Turkey; Australia and New Zealand from Oceania; Algeria, Cameroon, Egypt, Ivory Coast, Morocco, Senegal, Tunisia, Togo and Zaire from Africa; Agrentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Peru, Uruguay, the U.S.A. and Venezuala from the Americas; Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland from Europe; and 10 countries without diplomatic relations with Korea, including Bulgaria, the People's Republic of China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic, Hungary, Poland, Rumania, the U.S.S.R. and Yugoslavia. It is noteworthy that Korea made cultural exchanges with socialist countries for the first time during the Seoul Olympic Arts Festival. Artists from Estern bloc countries introduced their arts and cultures which up to then had been unfamiliar to Korean audiences. The U.S.S.R. sent the Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra, a ballet troupe with Bolshoi Ballet dancers playing leading parts, and two Korean-Russian female vocalists, Ludmilla Nam and Nelli Lee. The Ministry of Culture and Information, the SLOOC's Culture and Ceremonies Operation Headquarters and the Seoul City's Olympic Planning Team were put in charge of the Seoul Olympic Arts Festival. A Cultural Program Operation Unit with a staff of 789 and an Olympiad of Art Operation Unit with a staff of 68 were organized under the Culture and Ceremonies Operation Headquarters. The Seoul Olympic Arts Festival Promotion Council was formed to decide basic plans and administer operational matters of the festival. The council had 10 planning sub-committees for various areas including the Opening and Closing Ceremonies, cultural events at the Olympic Village, cultural properties exhibitions, cultural exhibitions, fine arts exhibitions, traditional arts, musical performances, theatrical performances and folk arts. To assist the promotion council and coordinate the 10 planning subcommittees, a Planning Consultative Committee composed of the chairmen of the 10 planning sub-committees and working-level officials of related organizations was created. The Seoul Olympic Arts Festival Promotion Council deliberated on and adjusted the basic planning for the festival and the 10 planning subcommittees coordinated operations in their areas and decided upon festival programs. Each organization hosting festival programs had its own operation committee. The SLOOC began to draw up a comprehensive plan for the Seoul Olympic Arts Festival as soon as the Seoul Asian Games ended, on the basis of close analysis and evaluation of the Seoul Asian Games Arts Festival by organizing symposiums and report sessions by working-level officials and reflecting the opinions of a broad spectrum of society. The SLOOC's working-level officials drew up a draft plan involving the scale and areas of the festival, selection of Korean and foreign artists and organizations and their repertoires, budget requirements and funding sources. This draft plan was first considered by the 10 planning sub-committees, then by the Planning Consultative Committee, and finally by the Promotion Council. The final master plan for the Seoul Olympic Arts Festival was announced on September 17, 1987, a year before the opening of the Games. In addition to the official festival, a number of performances and exhibitions were held before, during and after the Olympic Games by various arts and cultural organizations. Performances and exhibitions determined after the announcement of the master plan were staged as unofficial events. A total sum of 28,039.21 million won was spent on the Seoul Olympic Arts Festival, including 11,828.77 million won raised by the SLOOC, 2,270.51 million won donated by the Korean Culture and Arts Foundation, 4,360.26 million won jointly borne by the hosting organizations, and 369.21 million won donated by the Korean government. Of the total sum, 16,731.7 million won was spent on performing arts and the rest on exhibitions. Of the performing art events, Turandot by La Scala Opera Theater cost the most at 4,500 million won, of which 1,830 million won was covered by the SLOOC and the balance by the Italian government, corporate donations and ticket sales. Of the exhibitions, the International Open-Air Sculpture Symposium cost the most at 4,404 million won, followed by the International Open-Air Sculpture Exhibition which cost 4,291 million won. The Seoul Olympic Arts Festival attracted 9,551,488 persons, who broke down into 566,163 who attended performances, 1,967,602 who visited exhibitions and 7,017,723 spectators at gala programs. Members of the Seoul Olympic Arts Festival Promotion Council Kang Won-ryong, Chairman, President of the Korea Christian Academy Kang Yong-sik, Vice-Minister of Culture and Information Kim Seong-jin, President of the International Cultural Society of Korea Kim Chin-won, Deputy Mayor of Seoul ParkYong-gu, Music and dance critic Yo Sok-ki, Professor of Korea University, 1 President of the Korean Culture and Arts Foundation Yoon Yang-chung, President of the Seoul Arts Center Lee Chun, President of the Fine Arts Association of Korea Lee Hae-rang, Drama director Ryu Kyong-chae, President of the National Academy of Arts Chung Ku-ho, President of the Korean Broadcasting System Cho Kyong-hee, Minister without Portfolio and former president of the Korean Federation of Arts and Cultural Organizations Cho Sang-hyon, Vocalist Chon Pong-cho, President of the Music Association of Korea and of the Korean Federation of Arts and Cultural Organizations Kim Ock-jin, Secretary-General of the SLOOC Choe Yol-gon, Superintendent of the Seoul Board of Education Choe ll-hong, Vice-Minister of Sports Choe Chong-ho, Professor of Yonsei University Choe Chang-bong, Vice-Chairman, of the Korea Broadcasting Ethics Committee Chae Chang-yoon, Vice-Minister of Culture and Information Han Yang-soon, Member of the Board of the Korea Amateur Sports Association Hwang Sun-pil, President of the Munhwa Broadcasting Company Whang Su-young, Member, of the Cultural Properties Committee 1. Seoul Olympic Arts Festival Poster.
430 14. Seoul Olympic Arts Festival 14.1.2 Seoul Olympic Arts Festival Gala Opening —————————————– The Gala Opening of the Arts Festival was held at the National Theater on August 17,1988, a month before the opening of the Seoul Olympics, in the presence of President Roh Tae Woo of the Republic of Korea, Korean government dignitaries, National Assembly - men, members of the diplomatic corps, and sports leaders. The programs included Korean classical music (Pyojong Manbangjigok), jointly performed by a 30member orchestra of the National 3 Classical Music Institute, the 25member Seoul City Traditional Music Orchestra and the 28-member KBS Traditional Music Orchestra; Korean court dance (Sonyurak), by 30 dancers of the National Classical Music Institute; a kayagum (traditional Korean string instrument) ensemble by the 20-member Park Kwi-hee Arts Troupe; and Beethoven's Symphony No. 9 (Fourth Movement) by the 105member Korean Symphony Orchestra under the baton of Hong Yon-taek, four vocal soloists and the 326-member United Chorus. Some 1,300 guests attended the Gala Opening, occupying 61 percent of the available seats. Following the performance, a reception was given in the Main Hall of the National Theater, and a Korean traditional percussion quartet and a farmers' folk music band performed on the grounds. Seoul Olympic Eve Gala The Seoul Olympic Eve Gala was held at the Sejong Cultural Center on September 16 and 17, the opening day of the Seoul Olympics, featuring The Wedding Day, an opera by Carlo Menotti. 5
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