Part 2 - LA84 Foundation

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The purpose of accreditation for the Olympic Games was to ensure safety of the Games, verify status of participants, and guarantee smooth operation of the Games by granting proper access privileges. To attain the three objectives, the SLOOC adopted computer systems for the accreditation procedures for speedy processing, improved accreditation card production equipment to enhance efficiency and ensure security, and installed accreditation centers at strategic locations for the convenience of users. The SLOOC activated the Accreditation Operation Unit early in its operation, sending out 39,779 ID cards to 199 organizations in 161 countries, and issuing 133,132 AD cards in 21 categories. The cards included 39,332 cards for Olympic Family and 93,800 for operation personnel. In addition, 32,672 temporary passes were issued and delivered to relevant access control apparatuses. The human resource input into the accreditation process came to 525 persons, while 6,082 pieces of equipment and materials in 85 kinds were utilized for the job.
17. Accreditation 17.1 Basic Preparations 17.1.1 Goals and Area of Responsibility —————————————– The accreditation deals with the issuance of identity cards, and granting access privilege for the purpose of enabling participants to carry out duties smoothly, of ensuring order in the operation of the Games, and of ensuring the optimum level of safety. The accreditation process thus concerns the issuance of ID cards, accreditation cards, temporary passes, and related matters. The purpose of issuing accreditation cards to the Olympic participants is to verify their identity, assure them of privilege and performance of duty, and to maintain order and security by determining access control zones. The following guidelines were established to operate the accreditation process: 1) observance and application of the relevant stipulation of Olympic Charter, 2) reflecting the precedents in the past Games and Asian Games in the working of accreditation planning, 3) enhancing efficiency of performance by utilizing the experiences gained from the 10th Asian Games, 4) speedy and accurate services through computerization of the accreditation procedures, 5) offering maximum possible convenience to card applicants by operating accreditation centers at strategic locations, and 6) organization of functional cooperative system through rational division of areas of responsibility among related apparatuses. As unit projects, the accreditation job is divided into 1) accreditation planning and management of materials, 2) accreditation of operation personnel, 3) accreditation of Olympic Family, and 4) computerization of accreditation process. The accreditation planning and the management of materials deals with: the organization and operation of Accreditation Operation Unit; the development and implementation of accreditation plan; formulation and implementation of the operational plan to secure space, materials and human resources, and; the operation of Accreditation Consultative Council. The accreditation of the operation personnel deals with: classification of accreditation categories for operation personnel, and projection of the number of eligible personnel; establishment of accreditation procedures for the operation personnel; the production of accreditation cards and temporary passes; education for accreditation operation personnel, and; the operation of accreditation centers. Accreditation of the Family deals with: arrival and departure processing and procedures; classification of categories of the Family and projection of the number of eligible persons; production and delivery of ID cards; consultations with IOC, NOCs and IFs, and; the operation of accreditation centers. The accreditation computerization deals with: establishment of the computer program for accreditation installation and operation of computer equipment; computer processing of accreditation procedures and; system operation. The accreditation was conducted by maintaining cooperative system among the relevant departments of the SLOOC, the Justice Ministry and Sports Ministry; also, close relations were maintained with IOC, IFs, and NOCs. The Human Resources Department of the SLOOC was responsible for designating operation personnel and determining those who were eligible for accreditation. The Security Department established guidelines for investigation of personal background and assisted in the background confirmation. The Technology Department was closely related to the development and operation of computer operation system. The Ministry of Justice cooperated with the SLOOC to establish and carry out the procedures for the issuance of ID cards and immigration procedures for official participants of the Games. As a host administrative agency, the Ministry of Sports was responsible for administrative support and extended assistance to each government agency in respect to accreditation job. An Accreditation Consultative Council was organized to coordinate accreditation process and to maintain functional cooperative system among related agencies and apparatuses. An Access Privilege Screening Committee was operated to ensure rational granting of the access privilege. Also close cooperation was maintained with the Immigration Control Headquarters under the wing of the Security Committee in order to establish accreditation, and entrance and exit procedures for the official participants coming from abroad. 17.1.2 Implementation —————————————– As a basic step to establish an accreditation planning, the SLOOC excerpted related provisions of the OCA Charter, Olympic Charter and Olympic Games Administration Manual, and in May 1984 published a collection of accreditation data secured through gathering and analyzing the accreditation sections in the official reports of past Asian Games and Olympic Games, and reports on the Games observation. The SLOOC issued accreditation cards for the first time in September 1984 on the occasion of the opening of the Olympic Stadium. The SLOOC gathered accreditation data during the 4th ANOC convention in Mexico in November 1984, the IOC in Berlin and the Kobe Universiad in 1985, and the Sapporo Winter Asian Games in 1986; these data were reflected in its accreditation preparations, and contributed to the successful performance of accreditation business during the fifth ANOC convention held in Seoul in April 1986, and the 10th Asian Games. Addressing the problems that cropped up during the 10th Asian Games, the SLOOC set out in January 1987 to establish basic plans on the Olympic Games. The Seoul Olympics accreditation planning proceeded in three parts — the basic planning, venue development planning, and operation planning. Basic planning (January 1987-June 1987) In January 1987, the accreditation basic plan was established to determine the purpose, scope and procedures of accreditation. The establishment of the basic plan went in parallel with the action on major guidelines for the accreditation business. At the time of establishing the basic plan, the number of persons eligible for the accreditation was projected at 32,069 for the Olympic Family, and 80,000 for operation personnel. The accreditation basic plan reflected the items that should be supplemented in light of the experience gained from the 10th Asian Games. Some suggestions that were made for the basic planning were: in anticipation of the biggest-ever participation, the organization should be scaled up, and an operation system should be provided at early stage; cadres of personnel proficient in foreign languages should be secured early in the stage and onthe-job training should be beefed up; the quality of equipment to manufacture accreditation cards should be improved; inter-connective function among accreditation computer systems should be strengthened; the categories of operation personnel should be simplified; and access control zones should be rationally adjusted. In March 1987, the Accreditation Consultative Council was formed among related organizations, and the accreditation category classification plan was finalized. In April the same year, inspection was made of the fidelity and efficiency of the accreditation card production system which was developed and supplied by Kodak under the Olympic marketing program. Venue development planning (July-August 1987) From July to August 1987 work continued to establish venue development plan concerning the accreditation business. The venue development plan dealt with the establishment of 13 accreditation centers in accordance with the basic plan, and supply and demand plans for human resources, equipment, materials, space and budgeting. The following guidelines were considered in establishing the venue development plan: the accreditation processing capacity should be 100 persons per hour for every normal line; placement was so arranged as to minimize the time required for waiting; in light of geographical conditions, 13 accreditation centers will be set up in Seoul and provincial areas. The first order of business that was considered in formulating the plan was to project the number of Olympic Family members expected to participate in the Games, and the number of operation personnel. The second order of business was how to disperse the locations of the accreditation centers so as to carry out the accreditation business speedily. The numbers projected at the time of the formulation of the plan were 34,553 for the Olympic Family and 90,000 for the operation personnel. The human resources required for the Accreditation Operation Unit were scaled at 568 persons. The equipment and materials that were reflected in the venue development plan involved 94 kinds, and the space required for the Accreditation Operation Unit and the 13 accreditation centers was 3,844 square meters. Venue operation planning (September 1987-April 1988) The venue operation plan dealt with the procedures of carrying out the duty and the areas of duty, such as issuing cards and temporary passes, and granting of access privilege, by placing and operating the required resource as were finalized under the venue development plan. In formulating the venue operation plan, the SLOOC decided to divide the cards for the participants into the ID cards for the entry purpose and accreditation cards for access to venues, and to determine the categories of the participants by reflecting the mandatory provisions of the Olympic charter, precedents of the past Games, and the items required by the SLOOC. The SLOOC approved the designs of the paper for ID cards, AD cards and temporary passes, manufactured test cards, compiled an ID card manual, and consulted with the IOC on these matters. From December 1987, this stage was the period of time during which the venue operation plan was revised and supplemented, operation personnel were secured, the equipment and materials were finalized, and suppliers were determined. ID cards were sent out in package, and printing was done on papers of accreditation cards and temporary pass. The development of the computer system was completed, and test operation was done.
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For the first time in 12 years, ath
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11. Competition Management by Sport
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The Olympic flame lit up the world
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368 12. Torch Relay Olympic Torch R
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384 12. Torch Relay 38 12.5 Cultura
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386 12. Torch Relay 43. The Olympia
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The Opening Ceremonies of the 24th
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The Olympiad is mankind's magnifice
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of 476.3 million won. The acceptabl
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19.9.4 Village Arts Festival ——
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noon and immediately checked out af
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570 19. Olympic Village 19.13 Revie
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The Press Village consisted of 36 a
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576 20. Press Village Guiding posts
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580 20. Press Village 20.5 Lodging
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584 20. Press Village 20.7 Amenitie
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