Part 2 - LA84 Foundation

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11. Competition Management by Sport 340 59 11.17 Swimming The Olympic swimming competition was held at the Olympic Indoor Swimming Pool and the Chamshil Indoor Swimming Pool, from September 17 to October 1. Competitive swimming was staged from September 18 to 25, and synchronized swimming from September 26 to October 1, at the Olympic Indoor Swimming Pool. Diving competitions were held at the Chamshil Indoor Swimming Pool from September 17 to 20, and again from September 26 to 29, after a five-day rest period from September 21 to 25. Water polo preliminaries were held from September 21 to 23 at the Chamshil Indoor Swimming Pool, and the competitions on September 26 and 27 were held at the Olympic Indoor Swimming Pool; the finals were also staged on September 30 and October 1, at the Olympic Indoor Swimming Pool. Four aquatic sports drew 944 athletes from 80 countries, including 599 male and 345 female competitors, plus 180 officials, recording the largest number in Olympic history. Competitive swimming attracted 651 athletes from 77 countries, diving had 91 competitors from 31 countries, water polo saw 156 competitors from 12 countries, and synchronized swimming attracted 46 competitors from 18 countries. In swimming, 11 world records were broken, and 34 Olympic records were surpassed. Swimming produced one six-time gold medalist, one five-time gold medalist, one triple gold medalist, and four double gold medalists. The Olympic Indoor Swimming Pool boasted ultramodern facilities, maintaining the water depth at three meters to remove wavelets; this helped competitors set many records. With the operation of a measuring computer system, times appeared on the electric scoreboards the moment competitors touched the touch-pad. 11.17.1 Competition Preparations —————————————– The SLOOC's operational preparations required that the 23rd Los Angeles Games in 1984 be observed, and that data be gathered on the world swimming championships, the European swimming championships and the qualifying meets for the Olympic water polo. The SLOOC decided in 1987 to construct a new indoor swimming pool in the Olympic Park. The Swimming Operations' organizational hierarchy included a commissioner, secretary-general, one directorgeneral, two directors, 16 managers and 50 officers. The actual operational system began at the Olympic Indoor Swimming Pool and the Chamshil Indoor Swimming Pool in April 1988. In June, the Seoul International Diving and Synchronized Swimming meet was held, and competition officials got acquainted with competition situations. A ceremony was held in August to officially activate the Olympic Swimming Operations. A total of 1,343 operation personnel worked on the competition management; they included 22 SLOOC staff members, 949 volunteers, 356 support personnel and 16 temporary employees. A further 151 contract personnel and 128 others joined in the competition management. The Swimming Operations worked out a foreign specialist recruitment plan in November 1987 to assist in the plans for broadcasting the swimming and diving competitions, sound control for the synchronized swimming, and press and interview arrangements. Two competition venues were secured. The Olympic Indoor Swimming Pool, which was completed in the Olympic Park in May 1988, was used as the venue for competitive swimming, synchronized swimming and water polo. The venue, which measures 25,075 square meters of ground level and rises to three storeys, consisted of an Olympic size swimming pool (50x25x2-3m), diving pool (25x25x5m), and an auxiliary pool (50x12.5x2m); the seating capacity was 10,000, and the roof was designed to provide natural lighting. The pools were equipped with water depth regulating devices. The Chamshil Indoor Swimming Pool, located 6.5 kilometers from the Olympic Village, was used for the diving and water polo competitions. There was an Olympic size swimming pool (50x25x2m), a diving pool (25x25x5m), and an auxiliary pool (50x25x2m). The spectators' seating capacity was about 8,000. Seven training sites, including the two swimming venues were available, the Taenung Indoor Swimming Pool (50x21 x2m), the '88 Swimming Pool (50x20x1.8m), the Dong Seoul Swimming Pool (50x20x1.8m), the Inchon Indoor Swimming Pool (50x21x1.8m), and the Sangmu Indoor Swimming Pool (50x15x1.8m). The Inchon Indoor Swimming Pool failed to attract any swimmers for training because of the long distance from the Olympic Village. Competitive training sites were made available, after dividing the athletes into three groups according to the order of their arrival from September 3 to 8; but the training sites were assigned by country from September 16. The training sites for diving were opened to all swimmers from September 3 to 10, while from September 11 to 27, the participating countries were divided into three groups for training at prearranged times. From September 3 to 23, each team was allocated three hours per day. For water polo, 12 participating countries were allocated one hour each from September 23 to 25, while the Chamshil Indoor Swimming Pool and Warm-Up Pool were available from September 26 to October 1. For synchronized swimming, each country was allocated 30 minutes per day at the diving pool of the Olympic Indoor Swimming Pool from September 3 to 16; from September 18 to October 1, 30 minutes of training was allowed for each by country at the Olympic Indoor Swimming Pool. Besides the official hours, swimmers were allowed to use the training sites as much as they could between 7 a.m. and 9 a.m., just before and after noon time, or between sessions. The aggregate number of training sessions by the swimmers totalled 5,700 for competitive swimming, 3,150 for diving, and 2,900 for water polo. The equipment and implements used for the Asian Games in Seoul were also used for the Olympic Games, but additionally required equipment was secured from among the accredited equipment as confirmed by the four technical subcommittees of the Federation Internationale de Natation Amateur (FINA). The equipment included 55 course ropes manufactured by Kiefer McNeil of the United States, 100 pull buoys and 200 kick boards secured from other foreign manufacturers; stopwatches were secured from local makers. In diving, the non-slip surface of the boards was manufactured by Mondo Rubber of Italy, and nine springboards were manufactured by Duraflex. In water polo, 200 balls were supplied by Mikasa of Japan under the Olympic marketing program, while goal posts were donated by Mizuno, also of Japan. The volume of equipment secured amounted to 596 units of 21 items for competitive swimming, 49 units of seven items for diving, 339 units of 20 items for Water polo, and 137 units of six items for synchronized swimming, for a total of 1,121 units of 54 items.
61 60 59. Lane judges at the starting line of the swimming pool. 60. Technical officials enter the Olympic Indoor Swimming Pool before competition commences. 61. For the swimming events, times for each lane were displayed as soon as the finish pads were touched, activating the sensors of the electronic scoreboard.
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The Olympiad is mankind's magnifice
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504 17. Accreditation 3 The ID card
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The accommodation services for the
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522 18. Accommodation Olympic Organ
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The Seoul Olympic Village was a wel
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534 19. Olympic Village 8. Flag-rai
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Check-ins and Check-outs at the Oly
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Day — One BREAKFAST JUICE Orange
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Day — Three BREAKFAST JUICE Orang
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Day — Five BREAKFAST JUICE Orange
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of 476.3 million won. The acceptabl
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29 28 25. Hwa Sung Corporation ran
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Video/CATV Room This service offere
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34 35 33 36 33. Officials familiari
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19.9.4 Village Arts Festival ——
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noon and immediately checked out af
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570 19. Olympic Village 19.13 Revie
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The Press Village consisted of 36 a
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580 20. Press Village 20.5 Lodging
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584 20. Press Village 20.7 Amenitie
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586 20. Press Village Shopping Cent
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