The Influence Of Priming Two Cucumber Cultivar Seeds

J. Duhok Univ. Vol.13, No.1, (Agri. And Vet. Sciences) Pp 122-130, 2010
REGENERATION OF F1 HYBRIDS OF EGGPLANT (Solanum melongena L.)
AND TOMATO(Lycopersicon esculentum L.) FROM STEM EXPLANTS.
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MOSLEH M.S. DUHOK,Y Payman A. A. Zibari * , and Mohammad M. A. Salman **
* Dept. of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region-Iraq
** Dept. of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad-Iraq
(Received: August 9, 2010; Accepted for publication: February 2, 2011)
ABSTRACT
An in vitro method for propagation of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)
was developed. Stem explants of Fl hybrids of eggplant and tomato from in vitro germinated seedlings were cultured
on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of BA and NAA. Multiples shoots were
induced from the stem explants of eggplant and tomato by culturing them on MS medium supplemented with 2.5, 5.0
mgl -1 BA plus 0.3 mgl -1 IAA or 2.5mgl -1 BA plus 0.2 mgl -1 NAA. Differentiation and shoots were initiated after one
week of culture and after 8 weeks of primary culture, an average of three plantlets were developed from the cultures
supplemented with 5.0 mgl -1 BA in eggplant and 2.5 mgl -1 BA in tomato. The shoots when subcultured on 1/2 salt
strength MS medium supplemented with 0.3 mgl -1 NAA produced plantlets subculture with well-developed root
system after 4 weeks. The plantlets were then acclimatized, and planted in pots which showed 95% survival under
natural conditions.
INTRODUCTION
Tomato and eggplant are the most common
popular and principle vegetable crops in Iraq as
well as they grown in the most parts of the
world.
A number of cultivars are grown through out
the country depending upon the yield consumer ' s
preference about the colour, size and shape of
various cultivars. Tomato and eggplant
responded to seasonal changes, low temperature
and to several diseases and pests that cause
serious crop losses.
These problems have been addressed by
hybridizing these plants with wild resistant
species, which presents a wide genetic diversity
and are a source of useful agronomic traits. Now
a days of tissue culture techniques are widely
used for propagation of various crops .The use of
tissue culture technology for vegetative
propagation of plants is the most widely used
application of the technology (Smith, 2000).
Several methods are used to propagate plants in
vitro to enhance auxiliary shoot proliferation, de
novo formation of adventitious shoot through
organogenesis, non- zygotic embryogenesis,
currently. This method provide genetic stability
and easily attainable for many plant species.
(Trigiano and Gray, 2000). This paper reports a
mass propagation procedure for tomato and
eggplant F1 hybrid to produce plants as of
original cultivar.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Plant material:
Seeds of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum
Mill.) olivade F1 hybrid cultivar and eggplant
(Solanum melongena L.) Dusty cultivar were
purchased from Nelson OY, Finald, Suomi.
Seeds were washed with running tap water for
five minutes. The seeds were then treated with
ethanol 70% for 30 seconds before surface
sterilization by dipping into 1.0% NaOCl for 5
minutes and then rinsed 5 times with sterile
distilled water. Sterilized seeds were placed on
sterile wet filter paper in Petri dishes and
incubated at 25± 2°C in the dark for 1 week.
Germinated seeds (seedlings) were subcultured
on half- strength MS –basal medium
(Murashige and Skoog, 1962) and incubated
under 16 h photoperiod, illuminated with white
fluorescent lamps. Stems obtained from
seedlings at 30 days old were cultured in test
tubes (25x160 mm) containing 15 ml of culture
MS medium.
Culture media and culture conditions:
Plant growth regulators (PGRs) were added
to MS medium and the pH was adjusted to 5.8
before autoclaving at 120 ° C for 20 minutes.
Stems were grown on medium solidified with 7
g/l agar and kept under 16h photoperiod,
illuminated with white fluorescent lamps at 25±
2 °C. Stems were subcultured at 30 days
intervals to fresh medium.