The Influence Of Priming Two Cucumber Cultivar Seeds

J. Duhok Univ. Vol.13, No.1, (Agri. And Vet. Sciences) Pp 70-81, 2010
assigning from combined parents , then to
introduce them in a breeding program to obtain
new varieties and hybrids. Since then the
principles of diallel cross was developed by
many researchers (Jink and Hayman 1953;
Hayman 1958; Griffing 1956a 1956b; Gardner
and Eberhart, 1966).
Correlation can be expressed by the nature of
association between yield and their components
and between each pair of components
themselves. In a plant breeding program
correlation offers an important role to the
breeder by providing information to predict and
select the trait with low heritability through their
type of association and the degree with other
trait having high heritability (Ahmed 2003).
To obtain high production in many
varieties through a breeding program depend
upon actually on the highly effective traits which
have direct and indirect correlation with the
yield that consider a good method to know the
traits effort , time and costs (Relad et al. 1987) .
Chezhain et al. (2000) found that estimates of
variance effects were high for general and
specific combining ability in plant height,
number of fruits plant -1 , fruit weight and fruit
yield plant -1 . Jahhav et al. (2001) ascertained
that the variance due to the general and specific
combining ability were high for plant height ,
fruit number , fruit weight and fruit yield .
Sharma et al. (2002) proved that mean square
due to general and specific combining ability
were highly significant for fruit yield plant -1 ,
mean fruit weight and number of fruit plant -1 ,
the mean square values for gca were higher than
sca for all traits . Biswajit et al. (2004) showed
in eggplant, that the analysis of variance for
combining ability revealed significant means
square for both effects of general and specific
combining ability in most traits except for
general combining ability effects in plant height
and weight of marketable fruits plant -1 . The
objectives of this study were to determine the
nature of gene action through separating the
genetic variance by using a diallel crosses
suggested by Griffing (1956).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Four varieties of eggplant (Solanum
melongena L.) from different origins were
selected in this investigation, three of them were
importanted and the fourth one was an ecotype,
as shown in table (1).
Table (1): Name of varieties used in this study, their sources and some general of their traits.
No. Variety Origin Fruit form Source
1 Early long purple Imported U.S.A
Prolonged lightly purple
General Agency of Agricultural
Researches
General Agency of Agricultural
2 Long purple Imported U.S.A
Prolonged Black
Researches
General Agency of Agricultural
3 Black Beauty Imported U.S.A Spherical Deep black
Researches
4
Alton Kubry Native , Karkuk, Iraq Little elongated Deep black
General Agency of Agricultural
Rearches
Those varieties are widespread in Iraq and
convergence the demand by farmers (Al-Rekabi
and Abduljabbar 1981), and given numbers (1 to
4) respectively in the presentation of results and
discussion. Full diallel cross among these
varieties with all possible probabilities which
cultivated in the vegetable field of Horticulture
Department , Dohuk University , during growing
season of 2006 was carried out according to
method I of Griffing, 1956 to complete gathering
all hybrids seed required . Seeds of F1 hybrids
and parents were sown in plastic containers
filled with sterile soil prepared for this purpose
in the plastic house in the last week of February
2007 . After 45 days , seedlings were planted in
the vegetable field , using R.C.B.D design with
three replication , each replicate includes 4
parents and 12 individual hybrids , cultivated in
rows 3 m. long spaced 1 m. apart ,while
seedlings were planted 0.4 m. apart within each
row (AL-Assaf and Hassan 1983) .The lateral
seedlings are regarded as guard plants . Other
agricultural practices were performed as
followed by farmers in the area. Measurements
and data were taken from 4 plants in each
experimental unit located at the mid row. The
data were recorded on ; plant length (cm.) , no.
of branches , flowering date (day) by counting
the number of days from planting to opening the
first flower , number of flowers inflorescence -1 ,
number of fruit plant -1 , average weight of
fruit(g) , fruit length and diameter (cm.) , early
yield (kg/plant) which included the first three
07