The Influence Of Priming Two Cucumber Cultivar Seeds

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J. Duhok Univ. Vol.13, No.1, (Agri. And Vet. Sciences) Pp 153-161, 2010 from local breed of black goats from 35 flocks of different localities (districts and sub districts) which include Zakho, Batel, Sumaill, Aqra and Center of Duhok province. 2. Blood Smears Method of preparation of blood smears and Giemsa staining was used as described by Adam et al., (1971). The thin and thick blood smears were prepared from the peripheral ear vein. Before the sample, the site was punctured, clipped and wiped with 70% ethanol and allowed to dry the first drop of blood always discarded, a drop of blood was taken on a clean glass microscope slide, spread by another slide at an acute angle; air dried, and fixed by methanol 5 minute and stained with 10% Giemsa stain. 30 minutes 3. Serologic Test for Detection of A. ovis The anaplasmosis competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) was performed with serum sample using the Anaplasma Antibody Test Kit, cELISA from VMRD Inc.(2006) (Pullman, WA, USA) (Knowles et al., 1996) following the manufactures’ instructions. This assay detects serum antibodies to a major surface protein (MSP5) of A. marginale, A. centrale, A. ovis and A. phagocytophilum (Dreher et al., 2005). 4. Hematological Examination: Ten milliliters of blood was drained from jugular vein puncture, after the area was prepared aseptically, by clipping and then 154 soaking with 70% ethyl alcohol. Three milliliters of whole blood were mixed in disposable clean plastic tube with an anticoagulant (EDTA) and used for the estimation hematological parameters, while remaining seven milliliters of the blood were deposited in tube free from anticoagulant, to obtain serum for estimation of serological test by ordinary centrifuge 5000 rpm spanned for 5 minutes and separated serum kept at – 20°C until used. Hematological parameters included, total erythrocyte count (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), differential leukocyte count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), were done by methods of Coles (1986). Statistical analysis: The results were analyzed by chi- square test (X 2 ) (Tekin, 2003). RESULTS Depending on morphological characteristics of the Anaplasma inclusion body in erythrocyte by Giemsa stained blood smear, the Anaplasma ovis was identified by light microscopic examination of Giemsa stained blood smear. A. ovis appeared uniform dark dote like circular body periphery to erythrocyte as single, double and triple inclusion bodies as shown in (Fig.1). The Anaplasma parasitemia was ranged from (2.8- 12.2 %) with the mean value (7.16 ± 2.98). A B Fig (1): Anaplasma ovis in Giemsa staining blood smear (X1000)
J. Duhok Univ. Vol.13, No.1, (Agri. And Vet. Sciences) Pp 153-161, 2010 The prevalence of A. ovis by cELISA and blood smear was shown in table (1). Of 460 native goats, 346 (75.22%) were positive for A. ovis antibodies while 257 (55.86%) were positive for A. ovis by Giemsa stained blood smear in all districts and sub districts. There was no significant difference detected among studied area. The highest rate of infection was in Aqra 67.92% and a lowest rate was in Sumail 47.87%. In other areas, the rate was in the center of Duhok 62.79%, in Zakho 55.04%, in Batel 52.04% as show in table (2). Table (1): Prevalence of A. ovis in goats by Microscopical examination and cELISA test. Tests No. of samples examined Positive Number (%) Negative Number (%) Microscopical examination 460 257(55.86) 203(44.13) cELISA 460 346 (75.22) 114(24.78) Table (2): Prevalence of A. ovis in goats in Different Districts and sub districts of Duhok province. Area No. of samples examined No. of +ve samples Percentage (%) Zakho 129 71 55.04 Batel 98 51 52.04 Sumail 94 45 47.87 Center of Duhok 86 54 62.79 Aqra 53 36 67.92 Total 460 257 55.86 No statistically significant at a level of (p 0.05) In this preliminary study, the age was considered in sampling as in table (3). There was a statistical significance difference in the prevalent rate among different ages. The high rate of A. ovis was 146 (31.74 %) in age group above 3 years and low rate was 27(5.86 %) in age group less than one year, while in age group 1-3 years it was 84(18.26 %). Table (3): Prevalence of Anaplasma ovis in the relation to the age from total examined animals. Age Number of sample examined Number +ve sample percentage Under one year 65 27 5.86 1 – 3 year 157 84 18.26 Above 3 year 238 146 (%) 31.74 Total 460 257 55.86 The prevalence of A. ovis was statistically significant difference between males and Statistically significant at a level of (p 0.05) females. The rate was 225(57.98%) in females and 32(44.44%) in males as shown in table (4). Table (4): Prevalence of A. ovis according to the sex of animals. Sex No. of samples examined No. of +ve samples Percentage (%) Male 72 32 44.44 Female 388 225 57.98 Total 460 257 55.86 Statistically significant at a level of (P 0.05) 155
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The Influence Of Priming Two Cucumber Cultivar Seeds

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