The Influence Of Priming Two Cucumber Cultivar Seeds

J. Duhok Univ. Vol.13, No.1, (Agri. And Vet. Sciences) Pp 82-89, 2010
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Table (5): Ton sedimentation collected in Duhok Dam during the study season (2008- 2009).
# Month
1
Monthly runoff to
Duhok Dam(m 3 )
1/10/2008 0
1/11/2008 188319
1/12/2008 226636
1/1/2009 490502
1/2/2009 163865
1/3/2009 2320739
1/4/2009 1482095
1/5/2009 150000
2
Suspension
Concentration Kg/ m 3
3
Sediment
Kg
0 0
0.0605 11393.3
5.992 1358002.9
3.0263 1484406.2
0.3576 58598.124
0.504 1169652.5
1.3E-06 1.9267235
0 0
4
4082054.951 Kg
Total Tons 4082.055 Ton
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The main purpose of this study is to estimate
the annual sedimentation collected in the Duhok
dam reservoir through taking continually
samples from the seasonal runoff which outlet to
the Duhok River. Total suspended solids (TSS)
is one of the primary factors affecting turbidity
of runoff water flow from the catchments outlet
to Duhok river ,which was measured by using
turbidity meter (NTU) nephelometeric turbidity
meters unite. Prolonged period of continuous
runoff occurred in the initial monitoring period
"Between" (2008-2009). Seasonal rainfall was
less than average the distribution of rainfall on
rainy day and monthly runoff was recorded in
table (Table 1) and (Table 3) respectively. (Table
3 columnar 3) show that as the peak water runoff
flow the runoff color seem turbid, while in the
gentle flow, the water color seem very clear
,which flow to the Duhok Dam reservoir.
The standard curve of suspended
concentration and turbidity (NTU) was prepared
from (Table 2) and explained in (Fig. 8), to
obtain correlation equation for the eroded solid
material as sedimentation to Duhok Dam
reservoir.
We obtained strong relationship between
turbidity and sediment concentration,
(Y=86.15X 0.414 with R 2 =0.95
), but the
relationships differed between natural runoff and
suspended samples. Overall, peak sediment
concentration frequently occurred with or very
soon after the first flow and prior to peak
discharge. Hubert at al, 2007 show that simple
linear regression only occur where the particle
size shape and composition of suspended soils
does not vary with concentration. These
condition are in the case of predominantly fine
silt and clay which are being transported
specially from pasture region and un-gullied
region. The relation for high concentrations
which contain high percentage of sand partial is
best represent by a power curve predominantly
in gullied area where highly eroded puts occur
and show statistically significant relationship
(Armstrong et al, 2002) Turbidity explained
more than 95% of the variability in sediment
concentration. Similar result was observed by
(Dabney et al, 2006) in natural runoff samples
when they applied the correlation equation,
several time , the result is very close to that we
obtained in this study (Fig.8).
Applied the turbidity value (NTU) of the
suspended natural rainfall runoff samples which
was taken from the estuary river of the Duhok
watershed river on the standard curve or solve
the above equation on the light of turbidity
value, we obtained the concentration of the
suspended soil in Kg/m 3 as shown in (Table
5).
(Fig.8) shown the relationship between
chosen rainfall in Duhok Dam watershed, and
suspension sediment concentration during the
study period the relation is polynomial with
(R 2 =0.75). Although the total seasonal rainfall
was (386 mm) , while the rainfall storms which
really cause the runoff and turbid water was
(273mm), the monthly distribution of rain was as
follows (66.5mm) in November and (68.5mm) in
December 2008 while (41.0 ,65.0 mm) and (32.0
mm) in February, March and April 2009
respectively .The above rainfall data have
indirect effect on the turbidity of the Duhok river
and suspended sediments due to the impact of
the raindrop on the Duhok Dam watershed ,