The Influence Of Priming Two Cucumber Cultivar Seeds

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J. Duhok Univ. Vol.13, No.1, (Agri. And Vet. Sciences) Pp 139-147, 2010 stored at room temperature for 32 days.This study investigated the effect of temperature and packaging materials on the quality of an orange juice during storage using models systems. 941 MATERIALS AND METHODS Model systems composition of local orange juice (Citrus sinesis Var.local) prepared according to the approach of Wong and Stanton(1989) after knowledge of components of local orange juice, as Sucrose 4.8% , glucose 2.6% , fructose 2.6% , citric acid 1.1% , potassium citrate 0.7% , aspartic acid 0.31% , arginine 0.31% , ascorbic acid 0.043% , sodium benzoate 0.1% to prevent the growth of molds and yeasts(Gordon and Christine,1990) and manitol 0.44% to arrive the total soluble solids 13%.The pH was adjusted with a citric acid solution to a value of 3.7 with pH – meter(HI98107).The juice was pasteurized at 82 ° C for 15 min,and while still hot filled into glass bottles and plastic bottles with capacity 130 ml leaving a headspace of about 10%.The juice divided to four groups as glass bottles in the light,glass bottles in the dark,plastic bottles in the light and plastic bottles in the dark.All samples stored at 20,30 and 40 ° C for four months. The ascorbic acid concentration was measured for each month by the 2,6dichlorophenol indophenol according to the A B approach of (Rangama,1977),each sample was prepared and analysed in triplicate .Absorbance measurement at 420 nm was performed with spectrophotometer(TRSP-721) to evaluate nonenzymatic browning(Klim and Nagy,1988) for each month.Rate constant for ascorbic acid degradation were calculated through linear regression analysis of Ln[A] analog storage time(Nuray et al.,2003).Half time(t1/2)was calculate according to the equation which said by Samuel and Jerme(1974). K=constant. T1/2=Ln(2)/K. Activation energy(Ea)was calculate according to the equation which said by Samuel and Jerome(1974). Slope=Ea/(2.303*R).R(gas constant)=1.987 cal - 1 .mol. Slope and intercept calculate from the Arrhenius plots shown in figure 1 (Nuray et al.,2003) using Microsoft Excel 2007.Shelf life calculate according to the equation observed by Al- Zubaidy and Khalil(2007). Expire=e -(s/T+I-Ln(-Ln)p/100))) . S=slope , T=kelven temperature , I=intercept , P=residual (AA) . Data were statistically analyzed with SPSS 2003,and the means vertifing were done according to Duncan , s multiple range test at level 1%.
J. Duhok Univ. Vol.13, No.1, (Agri. And Vet. Sciences) Pp 139-147, 2010 C 4 D Fig.(1): Arhenus plots of AA degradation:(A)glass in light.(B)glass in dark.(C)plastic in light.(D)plastic in dark. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Figure 2 show content ascorbic acid of synthetic model system orange juice stored at 20,30,40 °C for four months..It was apparent that samples that were stored in plastic bottles lost more ascorbic acid than stored in glass bottle amples, plastic allows more oxygen permeation .Samples in plastic bottles in the light loss 11.9% more ascorbic acid than samples in the glass bottle packed stored in light after four months of storagr at 20 ° C,also samples that were exposed to light loss more ascorbic acid than those samples that were not exposed.The results can (AA)mg/100 ml 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 be seen in the same table illustrate that a rise in storage temperature and time caused an increase in loss of ascorbic acid.The treatment which presented the best retention of ascorbic acid was packed glass bottles in dark stored at 20 ° C. This results agrees with other authors as Ahmed et al(1976),Maeda and Mussa(1986), Sattar et al (1989),Ahyan et al(2001),Esteve et al(2005) and Zerdin et al(2003).Also there are increasing loss of ascorbic acid in samples stored in plastic bottle and thus due to allowing more oxygen permeation which is consistent with finding by Kennedy et al (1992). Figure(2):Ascorbic acid content in orange juice stored in various conditions time(month) glass in light 20 c glass in light 30 c glass in light 40 c glass in dark 20 c glass in dark 30 c glass in dark 40 c plastic in light 20 c plastic in light 30 c plastic in light 40 c plastic in dark 20 c plastic in dark 30 c plastic in dark 40 c Fig.(2): Ascorbic acid content in orange juice stored in various conditions. 949
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The Influence Of Priming Two Cucumber Cultivar Seeds

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