The Influence Of Priming Two Cucumber Cultivar Seeds

J. Duhok Univ. Vol.13, No.1, (Agri. And Vet. Sciences) Pp 153-161, 2010
HEMATOLOGICAL AND SEROLOGICAL (cELISA) STUDIES
OF CAPRINE ANAPLASMOSIS IN DUHOK GOVERNORATE
OF KURDISTAN REGION OF IRAQ
IBRAHIM ABDULQADER NAQID AND IHSAN KADIR ZANGANA
Dept. of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region-Iraq
(Received: October 7, 2010; Accepted for publication: January 31, 2011)
ABSTRACT
The objectives of the present work were done to investigate the prevalence of Anaplasma ovis infection in goats
in Duhok area, Kurdistan Region, of Iraq from April to September 2009. A total of 460 local black breed goats
represent (35 flocks) of different localities were examined for the presence of Anaplasma ovis by Giemsa stained blood
smears and serologically by competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for antibodies
against A. ovis. The results revealed that 257 (55.86%) and 346 (75.22%) of goats were infected with A. ovis by
Giemsa stained and by (cELISA) respectively. Statistically significant difference was encountered between males and
females and among the different age groups of goats, high infection rate was detected in goats more than 3 year old
146 (31.74 %) , where as goats 1-3 years old and those less than one year old of 84 (18.26%) and 27 (5.86%)
respectively. The percentage of parasitemia ranged between 2.8-12.2% with mean of (7.12 %). The hematological
parameters were estimated from positive cases of Giemsa stained. The mean values of erythrocyte count (5.9 ± 1.17)
10 6 /µl, packed cell volume (19.5 ±2.68) % and hemoglobin concentration (6.3 ± 0.83) g/dl were statistically significant
decrease (P 0.05). Also there was a statistical significant increased (P 0.05) in mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
(33.9 ± 5.88) fl, while there was no statistical significant in mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) (10.8 ± 1.76) pg and
the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (32.3 ± 2.19) g/dl. This indicated evidence of macrocytic
normochromic type of anemia, whereas no significant differences were encountered in the differential count of
leukocytes.
KEYWORDS;- Anaplasma ovis, Goats, Hematology, Serology; cELISA
A
INTRODUCTION
naplasma ovis is an intraerythrocytic
rickettsial pathogen of sheep, goats and
wild ruminants (Kuttler, 1984; Zaugg et al.,
1996; Friedhoff, 1997; Yabsley et al., 2005; de
la Fuente et al., 2006).The acute phase of the
disease is characterized by severe anemia, fever,
weight loss, abortion, lower milk production,
pallor of mucous membrane, jaundice and often
death (Kocan et al., 2003).It is biologically
transmitted by various tick species such as
Boophilus, Dermacentor, Rhipicephalus,
Hyaloma, Ixodes, and Ornithodoros species,
transmission may also occur mechanically by
blood –feeding arthropods or by blood
contaminated fomites (Losos 1986; Kocan et al.,
2003).
The diagnosis of A. ovis in goats has been
based primarily upon the identification of acute
infections, using microscopic examination of
Giemsa-stained blood smears. However,
rickettsemia levels of less than 0.1% infected
erythrocytes in goats are not reliably detected by
this method (Palmer, 1992).
Recently, a competitive inhibition enzymelinked
immunosorbent assay (cELISA) based on
antibody binding to recombinant DNA-derived
Anaplasma marginale major surface protein-5
(MSP5) has been developed and shown to detect
A. marginale- infected cattle including
persistently infected carriers (Palmer et al.,
1994). The aims of present study includes: the
estimate the prevalence of Anaplasma ovis in
goats in Duhok area by Giemsa stained.
Seroprevalence for antibodies against
Anaplasma ovis by (cELISA) and evaluate of
hematological changes of acute infection in
goats.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
1. Sampling
The prevalence of caprine anaplasmosis was
studied in goats in Duhok area, North Iraq from
April to September in 2009.A total of 460
peripheral blood smears and sera were collected
153