P. Derek Overfield PhD Thesis - Research@StAndrews:FullText

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2. PSALM 67:19a A CITATION (= EPH 4:8) 2.1 Textual Traditions 2.1.1 The Targums The text of Ps 67:19a that is cited by the author of Ephesians does not follow either t'he LXX or the MT. The LXX version, which renders the MT quite faithfully, 4 is 6.v8i3Tl
T~is then being the case, it is conceivable that the author was citing at this point, deliberately or otherwise, a translation (possibly his own if he was in fact citing the Targumic text deliberately) of the Targum in preference to either the LXX or MT.7 It is quite possible that the Targumic tradition of Ps 67:19 was known in the Early Church: Tertullian cites Eph 4:8 as eleganter filiis hominum non passim hominibus 8 which is certainly at least possibly derived from the Targumic >' '. J the same tradition or version may also lie bepind the fact that Justin Martyr twice cites Ps 67:19 as 9 But the evidence provided by Tertullian and Justin Martyr is in no i'lay to be regarded as conclusive: influenced by Eph 4:8. both could well have been Also vie should note that although filiis hominum is certainly the equivalent of the Targumic X l'l'J we have no other indication that Tertullian was in any ,,'lay influenced by the Targumic text. The situation is no clearer in Justin Martyr because he was in no way bound to any particular yersion of the OT; indeed many of his citations seem to correspond to no known 10 version of the OT text. -92-
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THE ASCENSION, PLEROMA AND ECCLESIA
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An ABSTRACT of a thesis entitled Th
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CONTENTS Curriculum Vitae Dedicatio
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DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated
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LXX NRT NT NTS RB RSO RGG RHPR SBL
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that many have drawn attention to t
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is concerned with the relationship
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tepx.of.1fyo", of 2:7 is intended t
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of a realised eschatology.18 In tha
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3. THE TRADITIONSGESCHICHTE 3.1 Lit
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only other transitive use of the sa
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Acts 2:33 also provides us with ano
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citation in it and in Eph 1:22. 34
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'realised' is tenable, that the dev
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the Pauline concept of a victorious
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Col 1:15ff is, as far as Colossians
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in which case the ~~~p serves to co
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Thus far we have attempted to show
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to the understanding which comes fr
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the author in presenting the ascens
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3.4.2. Acts 1:9-11 Lohfink 72 has d
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frequently in Acts. 75 It is only i
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NT and Jewish sources such that we
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concluding with F. Hahn 94 that Ps
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us to conclude that here the psalm
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In Jewish sources the messianic int
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Gen R. 85:9 (on Gen 38:18) 'And he
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motif was not universally part of t
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Before leaving the citation in Hebr
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istic eschatological context. 122 I
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In all these citations two things a
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made in an earlier tradition. Furth
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in the opinion of the author, Ps 10
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conclude that the particular value
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There is a radical difference betwe
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Page 77 and 78: 147 powers, though both forms occur
Page 79 and 80: description of an event having mere
Page 81 and 82: a verse very similar in part to Act
Page 83 and 84: in 'Mk' 16:9-20; Lk 24:50-53 and Ac
Page 85 and 86: parousia, in which Christ will part
Page 87 and 88: implies that the ascension is to be
Page 89 and 90: The language employed by the author
Page 91 and 92: y the use of Dan 7:13. P · 1 d 173
Page 93 and 94: It is possible of course to explain
Page 95 and 96: 5:5, contains both Jew and Gentile
Page 97 and 98: The author then sees the fulfillmen
Page 99 and 100: 8The Christology of Early Jewish Ch
Page 101 and 102: 24J •A• Allen liThe 'in Christ'
Page 103 and 104: 40. cY'ltepa.\I(I) occurs only here
Page 105 and 106: 54Cf for example, J. He'ring i' Kyr
Page 107 and 108: 7lCf P. Schubert liThe Structure an
Page 109 and 110: 87This is frequently the case with
Page 111 and 112: 990 • Linton "The Trial of Jesus
Page 113 and 114: 118 Th " h "" f t " ~s p rase ~s ~n
Page 115 and 116: 140Cf Rom 6:10; 1 Cor 15:20ff, 2 Co
Page 117 and 118: l6lR • T• Lincoln Ope cit. p.48
Page 119 and 120: l81See above n.96. 182 See n.16l ab
Page 121: author returns to the original them
Page 125 and 126: Ps 68: 18 known to the author of th
Page 127 and 128: 2.2 Ps 67 in the New Testament : Tw
Page 129 and 130: other \-lay) , it is never connecte
Page 131 and 132: The first point of contact between
Page 133 and 134: This is the weakest similarity to w
Page 135 and 136: other piece in the Psalter offers t
Page 137 and 138: which speaks of I gifts' (-11J""\!J
Page 139 and 140: Moses. Since, as we have already se
Page 141 and 142: elevant to our concern. According t
Page 143 and 144: There are two possible subjects for
Page 145 and 146: We have already offered some commen
Page 147 and 148: 83 061-la. D!J;pov is otherwise alm
Page 149 and 150: , the author is stating his claim t
Page 151 and 152: and if the latter is the case we ca
Page 153 and 154: the author's text and citation bein
Page 155 and 156: that cosmic or supernatural powers
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Page 159 and 160: 3. PS 67:19 AND ITS INTERPRETATIVE
Page 161 and 162: "Behold the nations and see, marvel
Page 163 and 164: the first of these phrases restrict
Page 165 and 166: 3.2.1. In both LXX and in secular l
Page 167 and 168: technicus for the ascension, partic
Page 169 and 170: 0 " . wor d xa/~a.pa.1. V€lV lS a
Page 171 and 172: figure; 10:7-31 and 11:24_26. 149 B
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Hermetic literature. lS8 This last
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which itself could well be contempo
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Despite the criticisms pointed to a
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Ch . t' h 181 rlS lan p enomenon. F
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the self-abasement of the Incarnati
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as for example that pu-t forward by
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their understanding of the ascent o
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MSS and inserted into X and C by co
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to support such a judgment. Mfp~ ha
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Pentecost were 29, 68 and the lesso
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etween Ephesians cannot be substant
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circle he gives the capacity to gro
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the ascenaea.e ~ ~ R d eemer t:o ''
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in Eph 4:8~10, that of an interpret
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The second piece o~ evidence is con
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e eXer 2i sing autr-lori ty in -che
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llLindars, OPt cit. p.52, commentin
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23Lindars does not elaborate on how
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adduced, namely that in Eph 4:8 the
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50 llThe Descent of Christ in Ephes
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67 A s, y4p' for example, in 1 Cor
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87 Rev 11:10. It also has this mean
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'to lead someone captive in a trium
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etween the PT and Rom 10:6-8. He co
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The significance of this is intensi
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l49A sindlar descent is described i
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163But cf J .M. Creed, "The Heavenl
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180Ibid p.19. Schrnithals cites Gal
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20lCffor example the commentaries c
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2140p• cit. p.539. 215It is doubt
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CI--:lA?TER 3 -,,------ ItITRODDCTI
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- th t t ~ - 1 . 4 5 . . - such as
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~\~pn,; Mt 14:20; as in the paralle
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number', and is thus equivalent to
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the OT - and this is in line with t
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is rarely if ever used reflexively
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. t t t' 29 1n erpre a 10n. We acce
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more apparent than it was real. 33
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is notoriously difficult to ascerta
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or at least were familiar with the
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corporate solution offers us some d
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sufficient to say at this point tha
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(v.22) and thus is intended to expo
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63 where, at least so Ernst argues
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means that we have to provide an ex
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y the believer (2:6f). In this exal
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potentia) by one who has fulfilled
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of is either the 'fulness of divine
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Imana which lives in us l (r.G. 287
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author writes. This view would seem
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2.4.3. Eph 4:10-13 We have argued i
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that confronts us in the first phra
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words in the citation are and it is
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used by the Gnostics and each denot
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of the Pleroma that we can build up
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the fully explicated manifestation
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We have already rejected the argume
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the fulfillment of diakonia and by
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1Cf..'l1P~O:to~ 'toU Xp~O"'to{1 as
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3.1 Jewish Sources 3.1.1 The Wisdom
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author goes on to suggest that sinc
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and content of the Philonic citatio
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nificant because, as we have alread
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argument is the Targum to 1 Kings 8
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, 134 same connection, namely 6:10,
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138 possibilities find scholarly su
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••• In the world death has ce
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nicht erkl~rt. Vor allem wird er Ko
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is highly unlikely that Christ can
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Adv Haer I, 12.3 There is great con
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evidence is stronger in that both t
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There is also a totally different l
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Certainly such ideas as expressed i
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5. UAHP2MA . ITS THEOLOGICAL SIGNIF
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ment is ecclesiological and is not
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l3Cf E. Lohmeyer, Markusevangelium,
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32Colossians, pp.92-4. 33It must be
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51A•R • McGlashan, "EpheElians
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69 Cf 2 Cor 8:2. On this cf Percy,
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99Refutatio VI, 29.7; Eug 86f. 100A
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128J • Dupont, Gnosis, Louvain: 1
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154English translations from Foerst
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Our procedure will be as follows. F
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subordination texts at issue are 1
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Exactly the same question can now b
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in the metaphor which Paul is expou
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as a title~ indeed we can say more:
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he is head by virtue of some other
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. than has the genitive constructio
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.29 , all things are now in subject
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is the xElpa;x'f} of v .15: it is a
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or at least its verbal form, is use
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5. THE NATURE OF THE BODY Although
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intended to express both messianic
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assumed to have appeared ll , Best,
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30Cf above pp. 218f. 31Cf below pp.
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where these components were otherwi
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discussion7 he writes: 7 "From a st
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instructed them in the hope centred
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the same way as in 5:2 the author h
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where a.~'tof1 should be taken as r
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Adamic speculation does lie behind
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time when the Jewish Christians, of
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But what, we must ask, precisely is
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(wi th reference to 1: 3) : IIOffen
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provides him with the justification
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of Ephesians what is significant is
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the Church and world may be co-term
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There are also within the epistle i
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The h Xp,~ formula occurs some 35 t
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all these is the idea of the believ
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Church; but again here the author i
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140p.Cit., p.135; cf Rom 8:11; 1 Co
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specifically those who are newly ba
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. ·IT)O'01Y ,coming as it does aft
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In some respects the manner in whic
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to say, that in every instance the
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the Damascus road. If Luke is corre
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theology and thought it to be signi
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tion. But at this point Davies atte
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in Acts i.1-9". Although it is prob
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efers to the post-resurrection exis
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2.10 Jn 20:17 Much of the difficult
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described in the Old Testament, tha
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of ascension is 'unfinished' in tha
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understands that the appearance of
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The problem here of course centres
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on the same day and it is likely th
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Wherefore are ye corne? Whom seek y
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oth are understood as being process
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In the post-Apostolic texts discuss
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to read the prophecies in which all
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in the same text to a resurrection
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In Dial 87 Justin cites the same ps
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The author does not provide us with
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But this view is called into questi
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eference to Ps 67:19 is Adv Haer II
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In the writings of TERTULLIAN 84 we
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Of all the citations of Ps 67:19 in
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Two points are of interest here. Fi
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It is now generally agreed that thi
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IThiS time span is, to a large meas
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26Cf E. Schweizer, "Two New Testame
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43The same theological pOint is mad
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67So Charles, ibid. 68 Apol 1:21,31
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89Danielou, OPe cit., p.249, prefer
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In 1:20ff the ascension is expresse
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Ps 67:19 that the author uses thoug
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of departure for his discussion of
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Ascension of Isaiah) and to the lat
Page 473 and 474:
Benoit, P. Berthelot, A. liThe Asce
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II TDNT 1, pp. 689-719. Theology of
Page 477 and 478:
Davies, W.D. "Knowledge in the Dead
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Fitzmyer, J.A. "Further Light on Me
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Hayes, J.H. Helrnbold, A.K. Henneck
Page 483 and 484:
Kfunrnel, W. G. Larranaga, V. Laute
Page 485 and 486:
liThe Ascension and Exaltation of C
Page 487 and 488:
Per1er, D. Perrin, N. Pesch, R. Peu
Page 489 and 490:
Principalities and Powers in the Ne
Page 491 and 492:
Synge, F.C. Talbert, C. "Mark II:21
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P. Derek Overfield PhD Thesis - Research@StAndrews:FullText

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