P. Derek Overfield PhD Thesis - Research@StAndrews:FullText

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2.2 1 Thess 1:10 In all probability this verse (along with v.9b) is a piece of primitive tradition. 7 Here, as elsewhere in the Thessalonian epistles, 8 there is the clear assertion that Christ is in heaven, but at the same time there is no clear indication as to how this happened, except by way of resurrection; indeed one cannot avoid the implication that Christ has been with God (and thus lin heaven ' ) since the resurrection. Lohfink 9 makes the same assertion in slightly stronger language when he writes "Aufgrund seiner Auferweckung darf man Jesus von Himmel erwarten". Here it is precisely the fact of Christ's resQ~rection from the dead that allows Paul and his source to conclude not only that he will come again, but, more significantly, that he will come again from heaven. The fact that Paul does not refer to any kind of beavenly journey does not of course prove that he was unaware of one; elsewhere lO he uses pieces of tradition that do not wholly reflect his own theological presuppositions. But equally we must acknowledge that Paul was very ready to edit traditional statements so that theological ITDtifs and explanations that he considered to be of prime importance could be included in the presentation, as is the case in Phil 2: 8 ( ea.va:tOl) o~ O"ta.upotJ and, if it is by Paul, ColI: 18 ( 'tf\, .e-.XXAWCa., ). This must mean that if Paul knew of an explicit ascension -324-
theology and thought it to be significant we would have expected it to be present here. That it is absent must mean that at least for Paul it was of no special significance. 2.3 Rom 1:3 In this text the apostle is emphasis,ing the fact that the 'gospel', although totally new and separate from the 'law', "represents not a break with the past, but a consummation of it: The Son of God was in the first place Son of David".ll To make his point the apostle m9kes use of a traditional formula. 12 Our interest is centred in the words uto~ eeO~ tv OUV~e' While it is possible that !~ ~~~, VeXp~V tv ouv6+Le&. might mean no more than 'miraculously,13, it is in our view more probable that the phrase is to be given the significance of 'with power' and thus the reference is to the fact that by means of the resurrection Christ has been given power to inaugurate the new age of salvation 14 and, simultaneously, authority over all hostile powers. 15 What is clear here is that whatever new position Christ holds and whatever new title is now his, is directly the result of the resurrection. Lohfink 16 comments correctly: "Gleichgtll tig, ob man !~ hier temporal oder kausal interpretiet, es bleibt kein Raum ftlr einen Zwischenzustand, in dem Christus zwar auferweckt, -325-
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THE ASCENSION, PLEROMA AND ECCLESIA
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An ABSTRACT of a thesis entitled Th
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CONTENTS Curriculum Vitae Dedicatio
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DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated
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LXX NRT NT NTS RB RSO RGG RHPR SBL
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that many have drawn attention to t
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is concerned with the relationship
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tepx.of.1fyo", of 2:7 is intended t
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of a realised eschatology.18 In tha
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3. THE TRADITIONSGESCHICHTE 3.1 Lit
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only other transitive use of the sa
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Acts 2:33 also provides us with ano
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citation in it and in Eph 1:22. 34
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'realised' is tenable, that the dev
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the Pauline concept of a victorious
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Col 1:15ff is, as far as Colossians
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in which case the ~~~p serves to co
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Thus far we have attempted to show
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to the understanding which comes fr
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the author in presenting the ascens
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3.4.2. Acts 1:9-11 Lohfink 72 has d
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frequently in Acts. 75 It is only i
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NT and Jewish sources such that we
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concluding with F. Hahn 94 that Ps
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us to conclude that here the psalm
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In Jewish sources the messianic int
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Gen R. 85:9 (on Gen 38:18) 'And he
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motif was not universally part of t
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Before leaving the citation in Hebr
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istic eschatological context. 122 I
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In all these citations two things a
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made in an earlier tradition. Furth
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in the opinion of the author, Ps 10
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conclude that the particular value
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There is a radical difference betwe
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a promise. The motif analysis of Ac
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preted in the light of Davidic Mess
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in their agreement they differ from
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147 powers, though both forms occur
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description of an event having mere
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a verse very similar in part to Act
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in 'Mk' 16:9-20; Lk 24:50-53 and Ac
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parousia, in which Christ will part
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implies that the ascension is to be
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The language employed by the author
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y the use of Dan 7:13. P · 1 d 173
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It is possible of course to explain
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5:5, contains both Jew and Gentile
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The author then sees the fulfillmen
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8The Christology of Early Jewish Ch
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24J •A• Allen liThe 'in Christ'
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40. cY'ltepa.\I(I) occurs only here
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54Cf for example, J. He'ring i' Kyr
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7lCf P. Schubert liThe Structure an
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87This is frequently the case with
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990 • Linton "The Trial of Jesus
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118 Th " h "" f t " ~s p rase ~s ~n
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140Cf Rom 6:10; 1 Cor 15:20ff, 2 Co
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l6lR • T• Lincoln Ope cit. p.48
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l81See above n.96. 182 See n.16l ab
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author returns to the original them
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T~is then being the case, it is con
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Ps 68: 18 known to the author of th
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2.2 Ps 67 in the New Testament : Tw
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other \-lay) , it is never connecte
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The first point of contact between
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This is the weakest similarity to w
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other piece in the Psalter offers t
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which speaks of I gifts' (-11J""\!J
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Moses. Since, as we have already se
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elevant to our concern. According t
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There are two possible subjects for
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We have already offered some commen
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83 061-la. D!J;pov is otherwise alm
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, the author is stating his claim t
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and if the latter is the case we ca
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the author's text and citation bein
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that cosmic or supernatural powers
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'disarming' • If Christ is the su
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3. PS 67:19 AND ITS INTERPRETATIVE
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"Behold the nations and see, marvel
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the first of these phrases restrict
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3.2.1. In both LXX and in secular l
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technicus for the ascension, partic
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0 " . wor d xa/~a.pa.1. V€lV lS a
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figure; 10:7-31 and 11:24_26. 149 B
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Hermetic literature. lS8 This last
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which itself could well be contempo
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Despite the criticisms pointed to a
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Ch . t' h 181 rlS lan p enomenon. F
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the self-abasement of the Incarnati
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as for example that pu-t forward by
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their understanding of the ascent o
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MSS and inserted into X and C by co
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to support such a judgment. Mfp~ ha
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Pentecost were 29, 68 and the lesso
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etween Ephesians cannot be substant
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circle he gives the capacity to gro
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the ascenaea.e ~ ~ R d eemer t:o ''
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in Eph 4:8~10, that of an interpret
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The second piece o~ evidence is con
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e eXer 2i sing autr-lori ty in -che
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llLindars, OPt cit. p.52, commentin
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23Lindars does not elaborate on how
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adduced, namely that in Eph 4:8 the
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50 llThe Descent of Christ in Ephes
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67 A s, y4p' for example, in 1 Cor
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87 Rev 11:10. It also has this mean
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'to lead someone captive in a trium
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etween the PT and Rom 10:6-8. He co
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The significance of this is intensi
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l49A sindlar descent is described i
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163But cf J .M. Creed, "The Heavenl
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180Ibid p.19. Schrnithals cites Gal
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20lCffor example the commentaries c
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2140p• cit. p.539. 215It is doubt
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CI--:lA?TER 3 -,,------ ItITRODDCTI
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- th t t ~ - 1 . 4 5 . . - such as
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~\~pn,; Mt 14:20; as in the paralle
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number', and is thus equivalent to
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the OT - and this is in line with t
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is rarely if ever used reflexively
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. t t t' 29 1n erpre a 10n. We acce
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more apparent than it was real. 33
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is notoriously difficult to ascerta
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or at least were familiar with the
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corporate solution offers us some d
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sufficient to say at this point tha
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(v.22) and thus is intended to expo
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63 where, at least so Ernst argues
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means that we have to provide an ex
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y the believer (2:6f). In this exal
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potentia) by one who has fulfilled
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of is either the 'fulness of divine
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Imana which lives in us l (r.G. 287
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author writes. This view would seem
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2.4.3. Eph 4:10-13 We have argued i
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that confronts us in the first phra
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words in the citation are and it is
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used by the Gnostics and each denot
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of the Pleroma that we can build up
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the fully explicated manifestation
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We have already rejected the argume
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the fulfillment of diakonia and by
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1Cf..'l1P~O:to~ 'toU Xp~O"'to{1 as
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3.1 Jewish Sources 3.1.1 The Wisdom
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author goes on to suggest that sinc
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and content of the Philonic citatio
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nificant because, as we have alread
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argument is the Targum to 1 Kings 8
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, 134 same connection, namely 6:10,
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138 possibilities find scholarly su
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••• In the world death has ce
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nicht erkl~rt. Vor allem wird er Ko
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is highly unlikely that Christ can
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Adv Haer I, 12.3 There is great con
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evidence is stronger in that both t
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There is also a totally different l
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Certainly such ideas as expressed i
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5. UAHP2MA . ITS THEOLOGICAL SIGNIF
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ment is ecclesiological and is not
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l3Cf E. Lohmeyer, Markusevangelium,
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32Colossians, pp.92-4. 33It must be
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51A•R • McGlashan, "EpheElians
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69 Cf 2 Cor 8:2. On this cf Percy,
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99Refutatio VI, 29.7; Eug 86f. 100A
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128J • Dupont, Gnosis, Louvain: 1
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154English translations from Foerst
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Our procedure will be as follows. F
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subordination texts at issue are 1
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Exactly the same question can now b
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in the metaphor which Paul is expou
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as a title~ indeed we can say more:
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he is head by virtue of some other
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. than has the genitive constructio
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.29 , all things are now in subject
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is the xElpa;x'f} of v .15: it is a
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or at least its verbal form, is use
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Page 361 and 362: assumed to have appeared ll , Best,
Page 363 and 364: 30Cf above pp. 218f. 31Cf below pp.
Page 365 and 366: where these components were otherwi
Page 367 and 368: discussion7 he writes: 7 "From a st
Page 369 and 370: instructed them in the hope centred
Page 371 and 372: the same way as in 5:2 the author h
Page 373 and 374: where a.~'tof1 should be taken as r
Page 375 and 376: Adamic speculation does lie behind
Page 377 and 378: time when the Jewish Christians, of
Page 379 and 380: But what, we must ask, precisely is
Page 381 and 382: (wi th reference to 1: 3) : IIOffen
Page 383 and 384: provides him with the justification
Page 385 and 386: of Ephesians what is significant is
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Page 389 and 390: There are also within the epistle i
Page 391 and 392: The h Xp,~ formula occurs some 35 t
Page 393 and 394: all these is the idea of the believ
Page 395 and 396: Church; but again here the author i
Page 397 and 398: 140p.Cit., p.135; cf Rom 8:11; 1 Co
Page 399 and 400: specifically those who are newly ba
Page 401 and 402: . ·IT)O'01Y ,coming as it does aft
Page 403 and 404: In some respects the manner in whic
Page 405 and 406: to say, that in every instance the
Page 407: the Damascus road. If Luke is corre
Page 411 and 412: tion. But at this point Davies atte
Page 413 and 414: in Acts i.1-9". Although it is prob
Page 415 and 416: efers to the post-resurrection exis
Page 417 and 418: 2.10 Jn 20:17 Much of the difficult
Page 419 and 420: described in the Old Testament, tha
Page 421 and 422: of ascension is 'unfinished' in tha
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Page 425 and 426: The problem here of course centres
Page 427 and 428: on the same day and it is likely th
Page 429 and 430: Wherefore are ye corne? Whom seek y
Page 431 and 432: oth are understood as being process
Page 433 and 434: In the post-Apostolic texts discuss
Page 435 and 436: to read the prophecies in which all
Page 437 and 438: in the same text to a resurrection
Page 439 and 440: In Dial 87 Justin cites the same ps
Page 441 and 442: The author does not provide us with
Page 443 and 444: But this view is called into questi
Page 445 and 446: eference to Ps 67:19 is Adv Haer II
Page 447 and 448: In the writings of TERTULLIAN 84 we
Page 449 and 450: Of all the citations of Ps 67:19 in
Page 451 and 452: Two points are of interest here. Fi
Page 453 and 454: It is now generally agreed that thi
Page 455 and 456: IThiS time span is, to a large meas
Page 457 and 458: 26Cf E. Schweizer, "Two New Testame
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43The same theological pOint is mad
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67So Charles, ibid. 68 Apol 1:21,31
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89Danielou, OPe cit., p.249, prefer
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In 1:20ff the ascension is expresse
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Ps 67:19 that the author uses thoug
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of departure for his discussion of
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Ascension of Isaiah) and to the lat
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Benoit, P. Berthelot, A. liThe Asce
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II TDNT 1, pp. 689-719. Theology of
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Davies, W.D. "Knowledge in the Dead
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Fitzmyer, J.A. "Further Light on Me
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Hayes, J.H. Helrnbold, A.K. Henneck
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Kfunrnel, W. G. Larranaga, V. Laute
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liThe Ascension and Exaltation of C
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Per1er, D. Perrin, N. Pesch, R. Peu
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Principalities and Powers in the Ne
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Synge, F.C. Talbert, C. "Mark II:21
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P. Derek Overfield PhD Thesis - Research@StAndrews:FullText

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