P. Derek Overfield PhD Thesis - Research@StAndrews:FullText

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argument; in all three cases the expression occurs at the end of a sentence, in the two texts from Romans the phrase actually occurs in the final position; the use of the phrase !v Xp&.~tf -IT)C1'OU ~U5v 'ftf xupC~ in these instances is paralleled by 'r.,.",..,...« Xp .. '~vV &.~ov 'foU xupCou the use of the 41 elsewhere. phrase Using this evidence Kramer 42 concludes that it is purely stylistic reasons that prompted Paul to use the fuller titular form in these references instead of the shorter. When we compare the texts cited with Eph 3:11 we find similarity and dissimilarity: Eph 3:11 is certainly part of a theological argument, and it is equally true that reasons of style probably influenced the author in his choice of the longer titular form; but it is also to be noted that whereas the!v formula in Rom 6:23, 8:39 and 1 Cor 15:31 is used in the usual pre-Pauline sense of 'incorporation', 'union' with Christ, the sense in 3:11 is primarily - though 43 not completely - that of 'dynamic', i.e. 'by means of'; the Ephesian text also contains, or at least the probability is that it. contains, the definite article. These differences are sufficient to suggest that Eph 3:11 may not be either part of, or an extension of, the same tradition that is common to the other texts but may be related to a totally different theological tradition. That this is so is at least suggested by the preceding xa.'fcli 7tp66£
But what, we must ask, precisely is intended by !1tot'I)TEV ? Two possibilities are suggested by the context: either the purpose which God in Christ achieved, or the purpose which he resolved in Christ. The exegetes are generally in agreement. Abbott 44 argues for the latter interpretation when he writes " ••• He whom they know as Jesus their Lord is none other than the Christ in whom God had from eternity formed his purpose". Gnilka 45 takes a similar view. Schlier 46 attempts to combine both possibilities • . The argument for the former interpretation rests upon the similarity between 3:11 and 2:3. But in this latter verse afA-TJl..La. is the object of 1toLefv ,. whereas this of course does refer to that which is willed, 1tp6aec:n v usually refers to the forming of a purpose, particularly a purpose formed in a previous 47 age. If our interpretation is correct then in 3:11 the author is referring to the plan which God has previously purposed, a plan that centres around ~ Xp,,~6,. This does not prove a Messianic content as such, but it is surely suggestive of it, all the more so in light of the content of the previous 1v "" Xpl;~ formulations in Ephesians. Our examination of the foregoing texts has not proved the presence of Messianism in Ephesians though it has disclosed a number of features which, if -301-
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THE ASCENSION, PLEROMA AND ECCLESIA
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An ABSTRACT of a thesis entitled Th
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CONTENTS Curriculum Vitae Dedicatio
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DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated
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LXX NRT NT NTS RB RSO RGG RHPR SBL
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that many have drawn attention to t
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is concerned with the relationship
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tepx.of.1fyo", of 2:7 is intended t
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of a realised eschatology.18 In tha
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3. THE TRADITIONSGESCHICHTE 3.1 Lit
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only other transitive use of the sa
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Acts 2:33 also provides us with ano
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citation in it and in Eph 1:22. 34
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'realised' is tenable, that the dev
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the Pauline concept of a victorious
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Col 1:15ff is, as far as Colossians
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in which case the ~~~p serves to co
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Thus far we have attempted to show
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to the understanding which comes fr
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the author in presenting the ascens
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3.4.2. Acts 1:9-11 Lohfink 72 has d
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frequently in Acts. 75 It is only i
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NT and Jewish sources such that we
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concluding with F. Hahn 94 that Ps
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us to conclude that here the psalm
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In Jewish sources the messianic int
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Gen R. 85:9 (on Gen 38:18) 'And he
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motif was not universally part of t
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Before leaving the citation in Hebr
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istic eschatological context. 122 I
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In all these citations two things a
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made in an earlier tradition. Furth
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in the opinion of the author, Ps 10
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conclude that the particular value
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There is a radical difference betwe
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a promise. The motif analysis of Ac
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preted in the light of Davidic Mess
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in their agreement they differ from
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147 powers, though both forms occur
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description of an event having mere
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a verse very similar in part to Act
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in 'Mk' 16:9-20; Lk 24:50-53 and Ac
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parousia, in which Christ will part
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implies that the ascension is to be
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The language employed by the author
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y the use of Dan 7:13. P · 1 d 173
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It is possible of course to explain
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5:5, contains both Jew and Gentile
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The author then sees the fulfillmen
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8The Christology of Early Jewish Ch
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24J •A• Allen liThe 'in Christ'
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40. cY'ltepa.\I(I) occurs only here
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54Cf for example, J. He'ring i' Kyr
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7lCf P. Schubert liThe Structure an
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87This is frequently the case with
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990 • Linton "The Trial of Jesus
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118 Th " h "" f t " ~s p rase ~s ~n
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140Cf Rom 6:10; 1 Cor 15:20ff, 2 Co
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l6lR • T• Lincoln Ope cit. p.48
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l81See above n.96. 182 See n.16l ab
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author returns to the original them
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T~is then being the case, it is con
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Ps 68: 18 known to the author of th
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2.2 Ps 67 in the New Testament : Tw
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other \-lay) , it is never connecte
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The first point of contact between
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This is the weakest similarity to w
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other piece in the Psalter offers t
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which speaks of I gifts' (-11J""\!J
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Moses. Since, as we have already se
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elevant to our concern. According t
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There are two possible subjects for
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We have already offered some commen
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83 061-la. D!J;pov is otherwise alm
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, the author is stating his claim t
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and if the latter is the case we ca
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the author's text and citation bein
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that cosmic or supernatural powers
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'disarming' • If Christ is the su
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3. PS 67:19 AND ITS INTERPRETATIVE
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"Behold the nations and see, marvel
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the first of these phrases restrict
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3.2.1. In both LXX and in secular l
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technicus for the ascension, partic
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0 " . wor d xa/~a.pa.1. V€lV lS a
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figure; 10:7-31 and 11:24_26. 149 B
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Hermetic literature. lS8 This last
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which itself could well be contempo
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Despite the criticisms pointed to a
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Ch . t' h 181 rlS lan p enomenon. F
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the self-abasement of the Incarnati
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as for example that pu-t forward by
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their understanding of the ascent o
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MSS and inserted into X and C by co
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to support such a judgment. Mfp~ ha
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Pentecost were 29, 68 and the lesso
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etween Ephesians cannot be substant
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circle he gives the capacity to gro
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the ascenaea.e ~ ~ R d eemer t:o ''
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in Eph 4:8~10, that of an interpret
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The second piece o~ evidence is con
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e eXer 2i sing autr-lori ty in -che
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llLindars, OPt cit. p.52, commentin
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23Lindars does not elaborate on how
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adduced, namely that in Eph 4:8 the
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50 llThe Descent of Christ in Ephes
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67 A s, y4p' for example, in 1 Cor
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87 Rev 11:10. It also has this mean
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'to lead someone captive in a trium
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etween the PT and Rom 10:6-8. He co
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The significance of this is intensi
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l49A sindlar descent is described i
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163But cf J .M. Creed, "The Heavenl
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180Ibid p.19. Schrnithals cites Gal
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20lCffor example the commentaries c
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2140p• cit. p.539. 215It is doubt
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CI--:lA?TER 3 -,,------ ItITRODDCTI
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- th t t ~ - 1 . 4 5 . . - such as
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~\~pn,; Mt 14:20; as in the paralle
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number', and is thus equivalent to
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the OT - and this is in line with t
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is rarely if ever used reflexively
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. t t t' 29 1n erpre a 10n. We acce
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more apparent than it was real. 33
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is notoriously difficult to ascerta
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or at least were familiar with the
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corporate solution offers us some d
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sufficient to say at this point tha
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(v.22) and thus is intended to expo
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63 where, at least so Ernst argues
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means that we have to provide an ex
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y the believer (2:6f). In this exal
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potentia) by one who has fulfilled
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of is either the 'fulness of divine
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Imana which lives in us l (r.G. 287
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author writes. This view would seem
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2.4.3. Eph 4:10-13 We have argued i
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that confronts us in the first phra
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words in the citation are and it is
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used by the Gnostics and each denot
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of the Pleroma that we can build up
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the fully explicated manifestation
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We have already rejected the argume
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the fulfillment of diakonia and by
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1Cf..'l1P~O:to~ 'toU Xp~O"'to{1 as
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3.1 Jewish Sources 3.1.1 The Wisdom
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author goes on to suggest that sinc
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and content of the Philonic citatio
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nificant because, as we have alread
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argument is the Targum to 1 Kings 8
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, 134 same connection, namely 6:10,
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138 possibilities find scholarly su
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••• In the world death has ce
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nicht erkl~rt. Vor allem wird er Ko
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is highly unlikely that Christ can
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Adv Haer I, 12.3 There is great con
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evidence is stronger in that both t
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There is also a totally different l
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Certainly such ideas as expressed i
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5. UAHP2MA . ITS THEOLOGICAL SIGNIF
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ment is ecclesiological and is not
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l3Cf E. Lohmeyer, Markusevangelium,
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32Colossians, pp.92-4. 33It must be
Page 327 and 328: 51A•R • McGlashan, "EpheElians
Page 329 and 330: 69 Cf 2 Cor 8:2. On this cf Percy,
Page 331 and 332: 99Refutatio VI, 29.7; Eug 86f. 100A
Page 333 and 334: 128J • Dupont, Gnosis, Louvain: 1
Page 335 and 336: 154English translations from Foerst
Page 337 and 338: Our procedure will be as follows. F
Page 339 and 340: subordination texts at issue are 1
Page 341 and 342: Exactly the same question can now b
Page 343 and 344: in the metaphor which Paul is expou
Page 345 and 346: as a title~ indeed we can say more:
Page 347 and 348: he is head by virtue of some other
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Page 357 and 358: 5. THE NATURE OF THE BODY Although
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Page 361 and 362: assumed to have appeared ll , Best,
Page 363 and 364: 30Cf above pp. 218f. 31Cf below pp.
Page 365 and 366: where these components were otherwi
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Page 369 and 370: instructed them in the hope centred
Page 371 and 372: the same way as in 5:2 the author h
Page 373 and 374: where a.~'tof1 should be taken as r
Page 375 and 376: Adamic speculation does lie behind
Page 377: time when the Jewish Christians, of
Page 381 and 382: (wi th reference to 1: 3) : IIOffen
Page 383 and 384: provides him with the justification
Page 385 and 386: of Ephesians what is significant is
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Page 389 and 390: There are also within the epistle i
Page 391 and 392: The h Xp,~ formula occurs some 35 t
Page 393 and 394: all these is the idea of the believ
Page 395 and 396: Church; but again here the author i
Page 397 and 398: 140p.Cit., p.135; cf Rom 8:11; 1 Co
Page 399 and 400: specifically those who are newly ba
Page 401 and 402: . ·IT)O'01Y ,coming as it does aft
Page 403 and 404: In some respects the manner in whic
Page 405 and 406: to say, that in every instance the
Page 407 and 408: the Damascus road. If Luke is corre
Page 409 and 410: theology and thought it to be signi
Page 411 and 412: tion. But at this point Davies atte
Page 413 and 414: in Acts i.1-9". Although it is prob
Page 415 and 416: efers to the post-resurrection exis
Page 417 and 418: 2.10 Jn 20:17 Much of the difficult
Page 419 and 420: described in the Old Testament, tha
Page 421 and 422: of ascension is 'unfinished' in tha
Page 423 and 424: understands that the appearance of
Page 425 and 426: The problem here of course centres
Page 427 and 428: on the same day and it is likely th
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Wherefore are ye corne? Whom seek y
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oth are understood as being process
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In the post-Apostolic texts discuss
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to read the prophecies in which all
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in the same text to a resurrection
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In Dial 87 Justin cites the same ps
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The author does not provide us with
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But this view is called into questi
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eference to Ps 67:19 is Adv Haer II
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In the writings of TERTULLIAN 84 we
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Of all the citations of Ps 67:19 in
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Two points are of interest here. Fi
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It is now generally agreed that thi
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IThiS time span is, to a large meas
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26Cf E. Schweizer, "Two New Testame
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43The same theological pOint is mad
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67So Charles, ibid. 68 Apol 1:21,31
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89Danielou, OPe cit., p.249, prefer
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In 1:20ff the ascension is expresse
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Ps 67:19 that the author uses thoug
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of departure for his discussion of
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Ascension of Isaiah) and to the lat
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Benoit, P. Berthelot, A. liThe Asce
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II TDNT 1, pp. 689-719. Theology of
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Davies, W.D. "Knowledge in the Dead
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Fitzmyer, J.A. "Further Light on Me
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Hayes, J.H. Helrnbold, A.K. Henneck
Page 483 and 484:
Kfunrnel, W. G. Larranaga, V. Laute
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liThe Ascension and Exaltation of C
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Per1er, D. Perrin, N. Pesch, R. Peu
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Principalities and Powers in the Ne
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Synge, F.C. Talbert, C. "Mark II:21
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P. Derek Overfield PhD Thesis - Research@StAndrews:FullText

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