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Radar System Engineering

Radar System Engineering

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602 EXAMPLES OF RADAR SYSTEM DESIGN [SEC. 15.8<br />

Further decrease of bearnwidth below 1° should be advantageous<br />

operational}+, although improvements due to increased resolution may<br />

not be as marked in this region as they were in the region above 1°. If<br />

wavelength is decreased below the 10-cm region to sharpen the beam,<br />

coverage requirements will become more difficult to meet, even with the<br />

assumption that component performance is independent of wavelength.<br />

Because of coverage demands and for other reasons to be discussed later,<br />

a decrease of wavelength belo\\-abo~~t 8 cm to sharpen the beamwidth<br />

does not appear desirable.<br />

.\n increase of antenna width beyond 25 ft to sharpen the beam<br />

would hare the ad\-antage of improving co~-erage, but the following<br />

limitations would be encountered:<br />

1. If the set is to l)e mobile or easily tran~portablej an antenna of<br />

greater wi(ith is cumbersome. N-ith proper construction, an<br />

antenna perhaps 35 ft wide might be satisfactory.<br />

2. The requirement (for good gain per unit area) that the reflector<br />

shape shall not clepart from the shape desired<br />

by more than about,<br />

O.1X becomes increasingly difficult to meet as antenna width is<br />

increasrd lm~-onti 25 ft. >-0 difficulty ~vas exp~rienced in maintaining<br />

this tolcranrc ~~-itha 25-ft reflector, but the tolerance problem<br />

Ivas foun(l to be sf’~-erefor an experimental 50-ft reflector con-<br />

~tr[lctcd for a particular application.<br />

These experience+ WOU1(l indicate that an antenna \ridth up to about<br />

35 ft might lw dc>iral>le. If a ~v:-i~-elength in the region from 8.0 cm to<br />

8..5 cm ~~-creu,efl ~\-ith>l~ch an antenna, the beamlfidth should be about<br />

0,55°, \\-hichappear> to lx’ about the practical minimum.<br />

Beam .S/fap[ i)? ~[( r{llion-.l bcarn (ora multiple system of beams properl~-<br />

.shalwfl }:-a+ re[lllire(l to fit as clt]>cl~ a> pt)+>illle the contour of Fig.<br />

154. .1 b(’:im of 3° ~ridth in elel-ati(m tingle l~ith :a maximum range of<br />

200 mile> fits the fl{>irctl contour \\-ellat long r:lngt. For l)e.t fit its axis<br />

must I)r ele]-:lte(l :Il)tlllt 1.00 al><br />

sIIoIJ-11 in E“ig. 1!5.5 for thi. :3° beam [Curl-e .+ 111-:L>fhc I]est,that could be<br />

ohtainrd l\-itlla >inglc sj-. tem .in antenna ap[,rturc ,~it high is re(luireci.<br />

Close-in ct)l-era~e COU1(lonl~- lw ol]tain~ti 1)}- (l+ of a >econd system<br />

which in(’lu(l(’(1 tran~rnitter, rcc(’i~er, an(~ :IIIT(’1111:1.~\-ith ant enna \vidth<br />

an(l all com])onent~ tile >ame a- ffJr the first >}->ttem. [-n(ler these<br />

ron(lit i~)n> an antenna height of .5 it, JIith th~ lf)wcr cvi~e of The reHector<br />

(ii~tl)rt(,[{ iro:n it. ll:lr~ll)t)li( sIIapt, OJ-[l a >nl>ill rt,gi{on pive> tllc rof-crage<br />

Silt)\\-ll l):: CIrvt [i, Iiz 1i ,5 Tnlpro\-el ~[)~-eragr coul(i have been

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