handbook of modern sensors

Table A.20. Characteristics of C–Zn and Alkaline Cells
Battery W h/L W h/kg Drain Rate Shelf Life
Carbon–zinc 150 85 Low–medium 2 years
Alkaline 250 105 Medium–high 5 years
Source: From Powers, R.A. Batteries for low power electronics.
Proc. IEEE, 83(4), 687–693, 1995.
Appendix 573
Table A.21. Lithium–Manganese Dioxide Primary Cells
Construction Voltage Capacity Rated dc Pulse Energy
(mA h) Current Current Density
(mA) (mA) (W h/L)
Coin 3 30–1,000 0.5–7 5–20 500
Cyl. wound 3 160–1,300 20–1,200 80–5,000 500
Cyl. bobbin 3 650–500 4–10 60–200 620
Cyl. “D” cell 3 10,000 2,500 575
Prismatic 3 1,150 18 490
Flat 3/6 150–1,400 20–125 290
Source: From Powers, R.A. Batteries for low power electronics. Proc. IEEE, 83(4),
687–693, 1995.
Table A.22. Typical Characteristics of “AA”-Size Secondary Cells
System Volts Capacity Rate a W h/L W h/kg Cycles Loss/month
(mA h) (C) (%)
NiCad 1.2 1000 10 150 60 1000 15
Ni–MH 1.2 1200 2 175 65 500 20
Pb acid 2 400 1 80 40 200 2
Li ion (CoO 2 ) 3.6 500 1 225 90 1200 8
Li/MnO 2 3 800 0.5 280 130 200 1
a Note: Discharge rate unit, C (in mA), is equal numerically to the nominal capacity (in mA h).