Educability-and-Group-Differences-1973-by-Arthur-Robert-Jensen

252 Educability and Group Differences
ethnic groups are shown for grades 4, 5, and 6 (total N = 1,179)
in Figure 12.2. On factor I (verbal IQ and achievement) all three
ethnic groups differ significantly from one another. On Factor II
(non-verbal IQ) the Negro-white and Negro-Mexican differences
are significant, but the Mexican-white difference is not. On Factor
III (rote memory) the only significant difference is between
Mexicans and Negroes at grades 4 and 5. On Factor IV (SES) the
Mexicans fall significantly below whites and Negroes, whose SES
factor scores differ only slightly in this school population.
The test results for various minorities reported in the Coleman
study in many ways are paralleled by the percentages of the various
groups employed in professions that depend upon educational
attainments. Weyl (1969) has made these comparisons, based on
the 1960 U.S. Census, in terms of an index consisting of the ratio
of the total proportion of the ethnic minority in the profession
to the statistical expectation, which is the proportion of the total
population constituted by the ethnic minority times the proportion
of the population constituted by the members of the profession.
An index value of 100 means the ethnic group is represented in a
given profession according to statistical expectation; one of 50
means that it contributes half the expected number of professionals,
and one of 200 means it supplies twice the statistical expectation.
The index figures are shown in Table 12.2. It is interesting to
Table 12.2 Index figures of the contribution of five ethnic groups to
American professions in I960*
Profession White Negro Indian Japanese Chinese
Accountants 112 7 38 166 174
Architects 110 5 0 232 506
Artists and Writers 110 16 133 209 136
College Professors 107 32 0 143 537
School Teachers 103 76 86 120 318
Engineers 111 5 57 124 303
Natural Scientists 109 20 0 205 438
Lawyers and Judges 111 11 19 54 53
Clergymen 104 66 124 89 23
Physicians 108 21 10 182 302
Nurses 106 54 124 116 76
Technicians 107 36 86 201 197
* From Weyl (1969, p. 114).