Educability-and-Group-Differences-1973-by-Arthur-Robert-Jensen

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Table A.1 Variance components in various kinships Relationship f Components* in Common Components Not A in Common Reared A D Ep Ebf A D Ep Ebf Ewf e MZ Twins Together 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 MZ Twins Apart 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 DZ Twins (Sibs) T ogether i i 1 0 1 1 DZ Twins (Sibs) Apart i 1 1 1 1 \ Sibs T ogether ± 0 < T6 1 \ l > H 0 1 1 \ Sibs Apart i 0 < T Z 0 \ l > H 1 1 1 Parent-Child ‘Together’ i 0 () \ l > i 0 1 l l
374 Educability and Group Differences is 1 and for DZ twins (or full-sibs) is \ under random mating. Under assortative mating pDZ will be greater than Theoretically, a simplified but close approximation to pDZ under assortative mating is given by Poz = (A.21) 2 + ppp where ppp is the genetic correlation between the parents. It can be estimated by h2rpp, where h2 is narrow heritability and rpp is the phenotypic correlation between parents. A reasonable estimate of pDZ based on obtained correlations between parental IQs is 0-55. Other variance components can similarly be estimated from differences between kinship correlations. For example, the proportion of additive genetic variance, VA (which includes VAM), is clearly approximated by rpd if VE is very small, as is usually the case. Also, if V E is small, an estimate of the proportion of VA is provided by the correlation of half-sibs reared apart, i.e., V J V p — 4th s a- This is also an estimate of the narrow heritability, since h2 = VA/VP. The proportion of dominance variance, VD, can be estimated from the difference between the correlations of full-sibs reared apart and twice the correlation of half-sibs reared apart, i.e., Equation A. 13 (substituting Equation A. 14 in the numerator) minus 2 x Equation A. 15 ~ VDjV P. This assumes the same degree of assortative mating for parents of full-sibs and parents of half-sibs. The proportion of total environmental variance (including G x E interaction and CovGE) is estimated by rtt —rMZA, where ru is the test reliability (i.e., proportion of total variance minus error variance). The proportion of between-families environmental variance, VEg, plus interaction, VGE, and covariance, CovGE, are estimated by rMZT —rMZA (i.e., Equation A. 10 —Equation A.ll). The proportion of within-families environmental variance is, of course, the total non-error variance minus the total betweenfamilies genetic and environmental variance, or rtt—rMZT = V b J V f. Another way of estimating the between-families environmenta: variance, VEg, is from the correlation between genetically unrelated children reared together, rUT: VE
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Educability & Group Differences Art
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THE AUTHOR Since 1957 Dr. Arthur R.
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Ediicability and Group ^
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To the memory of Sir Cyril Burt e d
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List o f Tables 3.1 Correlations am
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17.3 Theoretical regression lines b
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2 Educability and Group Differences
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10 Educability and Group Difference
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1 4 16 24 16 ^ I 1 2 1 2 6 6 2 1610
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Subpopulation differences in educab
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2 Current technical misconceptions
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j Intelligence and educability Educ
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Table 3.1 Correlations (decimals om
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Table 3.3 Correlations (decimals om
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100 Educability and Group Differenc
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7 Race differences in intelligence
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8 Multiple and partial correlation
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244 Educabilty and Group Difference
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14 Teacher expectancy Credence in t
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Page 333 and 334: 322 Educability and Group Differenc
Page 341 and 342: ig Physical environment and mental
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Page 377 and 378: Appendix on Heritability Heritabili
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Page 387 and 388: References a in s w o r t h , m . d
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Page 413 and 414: Author Index 401 Warren, B. L., 120
Page 415 and 416: cultural deprivation, 258 culture-b
Page 417 and 418: Making Xs Test of speed and persist
Page 419 and 420: Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale,
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