Evaluating Country Programmes - OECD Online Bookshop

Impact
OECD 1999
Country Programme Evaluation: A State of the Art Review
Box 2.3. DAC definitions
of criteria for evaluating development assistance (cont.)
A term indicating whether the project has had an effect on its surroundings in
terms of technical, economic and socio-cultural, institutional and environmental
factors. Evaluation should consider 1) direct effects, the immediate costs and benefit
of both the contribution to and the results of a project without taking into consideration
their effects on the economy; 2) indirect effects, the cost and benefit which are
unleashed by the contributions to a project and by its results; 3) multiplier effects, a
special indirect effect which deals with the increase in the use of the economy’s
capacity, by the aid programmes generating a rise in demand. In evaluating the
impact of a programme or project, it is useful to consider the following questions:
1. What has happened as a result of the programme or project?
2. What real difference has the activity made to the beneficiaries?
3. How many have been affected?
Sustainability
The extent to which the objectives of an aid activity will continue after the
project assistance is over; the extent to which the groups affected by the aid want
to and can take charge of themselves to continue accomplishing its objectives. Sustainability
is concerned with measuring whether an activity or an impact is likely to
continue after donor funding has been withdrawn. Projects need to be environmentally
as well as financially sustainable. In evaluating the impact of a programme or
project, it is useful to consider the following questions:
1. To what extent did the programme or project continue after donor funding
reached an end?
2. What were the major factors which influenced the achievement or nonachievement
of sustainability of the programme or project?
[DAC Principles for the evaluation of development assistance (1991); Glossary of
terms used in evaluation in Methods and procedures in aid evaluation (1986).]
parts”. A CPE generally starts by deconstructing the country programme into its
component elements (a portfolio of projects, programme aid and technical assistance).
The proportion of the country programme which is evaluated in depth and
the approach to integrating this into a judgement about overall country programme
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