KAIS 2007 1 - Kenya National AIDS & STI Control Programme ...

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8.3 ANTENATAL CLINIC ATTENDANCE, 2003-2007This section examines ANC attendance and utilization of PMTCT services among women aged 15‐54years whose last live birth was between 2003 and 2007. Although the PMTCT program was launchedin 2000, scale‐up accelerated from 2003 onwards.Figure 8.3a. ANC attendance among women aged 15-54 years with last live birth between2003 to 2007, by province, Kenya 2007.Western91.0Rift Valley84.8Nyanza92.7North Eastern20.9ProvinceEasternCoast94.793.2Central95.9Nairobi96.5Total89.60 20 40 60 80 100Attendance at ANC (%)Figure 8.3a Seven of the eight provinces reported ANC attendance rates between84.8% and 96.5%.Among women aged 15‐54 years who had their last live birth between 2003 and 2007, 89.6% reportedattending an ANC at least once during pregnancy. ANC attendance rates during this time period weresimilar across year of birth. ANC attendance rates (at least one visit) were greater than 84% in seven ofthe eight provinces, with substantially lower attendance in North Eastern province at 20.9%.ANC attendance rates were high among all age groups, ranging from 85.4% among women aged 40‐49years to 90.8% among women aged 25‐29 years. ANC attendance rates were significantly lower amongwomen with no primary education (61.3%), when compared to women with at least some primaryeducation or higher (90.8%‐96.2%). ANC attendance progressively increased with increasing wealthquintile, from 76.7% in the lowest quintile to 96.3% in the highest quintile; this association was alsosignificant (data not shown).KAIS 2007 140
Figure 8.3b Place of ANC attendance for last live birth between 2003 to 2007 amongwomen aged 15-54 years with at least one ANC visit,* Kenya 2007.1008080.0Attendance at Facility (%)60402000.619.78.7Home Public Private Faith-BasedANC Facility TypeFigure 8.3b The majority of pregnant women attended public facilities for ANC.*Categories are not mutually exclusive. Some women attended more than one type of ANC facility during their lastpregnancy and are included more than once in the analysis.Of women whose last live birth was between 2003 and 2007 and who attended ANC for thatpregnancy, 80.0% attended public facilities, 8.7% accessed ANC services provided by a faith‐basedorganization (FBO), and 9.7% attended non‐FBO private facilities. Only 0.61% of women reportedreceiving home‐based antenatal care.KAIS 2007 141
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KAIS 2007 1
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P.O. Box: 9361 Code: 00202 Nairobi,
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KEMRIKNASPKNBSKshLLITNMCHmlμLMOMSM
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KEY FINDINGS: HIV PREVENTION• Amo
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Among HIV‐uninfected women, 71.2%
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Men 5.4 26.3 1.9Total 7.1 35.1 1.8O
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Kenya is also committed to the “T
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Table 1.4 Distribution of sampled c
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1.7 SURVEY IMPLEMENTATIONTrainingIn
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Data processing included a number o
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Characteristic 2003 KDHS 2007 KAISQ
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Figure 1.11 Sampled clusters and el
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Table 1.11c Survey response rates b
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Population estimates reported in th
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2.4 HIV PREVALENCE AMONG YOUTHFigur
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Figure 2.6b HIV prevalence among ru
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2.7 HIV PREVALENCE BY PROVINCEFigur
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Figure 2.7c Estimated number of HIV
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2.9 HIV PREVALENCE BY EDUCATION LEV
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Figure 2.10b HIV prevalence among r
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2.11 HIV PREVALENCE BY TIME AWAY FR
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2.13 MALE CIRCUMCISION AND ASSOCIAT
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Figure 2.13c HIV prevalence among c
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Comparison of HIV Prevalence in the
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3.3 SEXFigure 3.3a HIV prevalence a
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Figure 3.4b. HIV prevalence among m
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3.7 PROVINCEFigure 3.7a HIV prevale
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2003 KDHS 1 2007 KAIS 2Marital stat
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3.10 WEALTH INDEXFigure 3.10a HIV p
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DATA IN CONTEXT: APPROACHES TO HIV
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Figure 4.3c Ever been tested for HI
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Figure 4.3e Ever been tested for HI
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Figure 4.3g Women aged 15-49 years
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Figure 4.4a Time since last HIV tes
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Figure 4.5a Reasons for not testing
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Increasing access to HIV testing wi
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4.7. Gaps and unmet needs• Two‐
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Figure 5.3b Self-reported HIV statu
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This section examines participants
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Figure 5.5a Knowledge of HIV status
Page 90 and 91: Figure 5.5c Percent of partnerships
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Page 94 and 95: Figure 5.6c Women and men aged 15-6
Page 96 and 97: Sexual Partners, Sexual DebutCircum
Page 98 and 99: Figure 6.3b. HIV prevalence among w
Page 100 and 101: Figure 6.3d. HIV prevalence among w
Page 102 and 103: Figure 6.3f. Men aged 15-64 years r
Page 104 and 105: In this section, “consistent cond
Page 106 and 107: Figure 6.4c. Marital or cohabiting
Page 108 and 109: Figure 6.5b. Young women and men ag
Page 110 and 111: Figure 6.5d. Young women and men ag
Page 112 and 113: Figure 6.6a. Male circumcision amon
Page 114 and 115: Figure 6.6d. HIV prevalence among m
Page 116 and 117: Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs ch
Page 118 and 119: Figure 7.3b. Most common source of
Page 120 and 121: Figure 7.3c Women and men aged 15-6
Page 122 and 123: Figure 7.3e Overall scores for 12 q
Page 124 and 125: Figure 7.3g Women and men aged 15-6
Page 126 and 127: Figure 7.3i Correct responses to se
Page 128 and 129: • If a female teacher has the AID
Page 130 and 131: 7.5. Perceived risk of HIV infectio
Page 132 and 133: Figure 7.5c Reasons given for havin
Page 134 and 135: 7.6. Attitudes toward women’s rol
Page 136 and 137: who had never been tested for HIV o
Page 138 and 139: 8.2 INTRODUCTIONIn the absence of i
Page 142 and 143: 8.4 KNOWLEDGE OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TR
Page 144 and 145: The analysis in this section consid
Page 146 and 147: Figure 8.5b Women aged 15-49 years
Page 148: • Incorrect communication or unde
Page 151 and 152: 8.8 CURRENTLY PREGNANT WOMEN: HIV T
Page 153 and 154: Among currently pregnant women, 7.1
Page 155 and 156: Among pregnant, HIV‐uninfected wo
Page 157 and 158: Figure 8.11b Desire for a child in
Page 159 and 160: 8.12 CONTRACEPTIVE USEThe next figu
Page 161 and 162: Figure 8.12c Contraceptive use* amo
Page 163 and 164: Blood and Injection Safety chapter
Page 165 and 166: D ATA IN C ONTEXT: N ATIONAL B LOOD
Page 167 and 168: Figure 9.3a Source of blood donatio
Page 169 and 170: Figure 9.3b Source of blood donatio
Page 171 and 172: Figure 9.3d Source of blood donatio
Page 173 and 174: 9.4 Blood transfusionsAlthough the
Page 175 and 176: 10080Injec tionsPillsNo preferenceW
Page 177 and 178: HIV prevalence among adults who rep
Page 179 and 180: 9.6 Gaps and unmet needs• HIV pre
Page 181 and 182: The Ministry of Medical Services re
Page 183 and 184: 10.3 COTRIMOXAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS FOR
Page 185 and 186: Coverage also varied significantly
Page 187 and 188: 10.4 ARV ELIGIBILITY, COVERAGE AND
Page 189 and 190: ARV coverage was estimated by takin
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Figure 10.4b ARV coverage among HIV
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DATA IN CONTEXTEstimates of HIV-inf
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10.5 GAPS AND UNMET NEEDS• The es
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debilitating illness leading to hos
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Among HIV‐infected adults (83.6%
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Figure 11.3d HIV-infected adults ag
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Figure 11.4b HIV-infected adults ag
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Figure 11.4d HIV-infected adults ag
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DATA IN CONTEXTHIV Basic Care Packa
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Figure 11.5b HIV-infected adults ag
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Figure 11.6b Percent of HIV-infecte
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11.8 GAPS AND UNMET NEEDS• Counse
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12.3 HSV-2 prevalenceHSV‐2 preval
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807071.0WomenMen64.3HSV-2 Prevalenc
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Figure 12.3d HSV-2 prevalence among
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Figure 12.4b HSV-2 prevalence among
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Figure 12.5a HIV prevalence by HSV-
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Figure 12.6b Condom use during last
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12.7 Gaps and unmet needs• Increa
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also at substantially elevated risk
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Figure 13.3b Prevalence of syphilis
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Figure 13.3d Prevalence of syphilis
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Figure 13.3f Prevalence of syphilis
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Figure 13.4b Prevalence of syphilis
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13.6 GAPS AND UNMET NEEDS• Patien
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Household Characteristics andImpact
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Figure 14.3a Sex of head of househo
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Figure 14.3d Household population,
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14.5 PREVALENCE OF HIV-AFFECTED HOU
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Figure 14.5c HIV-affected household
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social and economic conditions of h
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households used chemical disinfecta
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14.7 HOUSEHOLD OWNERSHIP OF MOSQUIT
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Figure 14.7b HIV-affected and HIV-u
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Table 14.7b Source of bednets among
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Overall, 52.3% percent of children
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14.9 CARE AND SUPPORT FOR ORPHANS A
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For consistency with other populati
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Returning Test Results15.1 KEY FIND
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Figure 15.3b. Participants aged 15-
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Figure 15.3d. Participants aged 15-
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Figure 15.3f. Participants aged 15-
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15.4 RETURNING TO RECEIVE TEST RESU
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Figure 15.5 Women aged 15-64 years
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Methods of the 2007 KAISThis Append
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ClustersHouseholdsProvince Rural Ur
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and treatment services and other he
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The KEMRI Ethical Review Committee
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Red top (5 ml)Whole blood collected
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algorithm using two HIV EIAs (Viron
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Figure A5.a. Structure and flow of
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Recruitment and training of results
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observe confidentiality of particip
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Documentation. Results counsellors
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Normalisation of weightsNormalised
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This report presents the results of
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