KAIS 2007 1 - Kenya National AIDS & STI Control Programme ...

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14.4 BIRTH REGISTRATIONThe GOK issues birth certificates and registers births in order to track growth and decline in thepopulation. Birth certificates are more common at some types of health facilities, such as hospitals,than other facilities, such as health centres. Not all births registered with the civil authorities arealso issued a birth certificate. When large proportions of births are not officially recorded,planning for public services, such as education and health care, becomes a substantial challenge.Figure 14.4a Children under five years of age who were issued a birth certificate orregistered with the civil authority, by province, Kenya 2007.TotalRural62.660.5UrbanNairobi72.874.3Central83.8Coast75.5Eastern69.5NE27.2NyanzaRift Valley54.454.4Western61.00 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Percent of children under age 5 with birth certificate or registered birth (%)Figure 14.4a A significantly higher percent of children under five years of age in urbanareas had a birth certificate or birth registration compared to children in rural areas.The 2007 KAIS asked household heads to report whether household members aged 0‐4 years had abirth certificate or had their birth registered with the civil authorities. In rural areas, 60.5% ofchildren under the age of five years had a recorded birth while the percent was significantlyhigher in urban areas at 72.8%. Central province had the highest percent of recorded births(83.8%), while in North Eastern province, only 27.2% of births were recorded. Nyanza, Rift Valleyand Western provinces also had rates of recording births that were lower than the nationalestimate (54.4%‐61.0%).KAIS 2007 246
14.5 PREVALENCE OF HIV-AFFECTED HOUSEHOLDSIn the 2007 KAIS, any household with at least one HIV‐infected member was considered HIV‐affected,regardless of that person’s role in the household, CD4 cell count or knowledge of his or her status.Using this definition, the 2007 KAIS showed that 11.0% of households in Kenya were affected by HIV.As stated in the introduction, 9,691 households completed the household questionnaire in the 2007KAIS. Of these, 93.8% (9,094 households) had at least one member consent to both the individualinterview and the blood draw. Analysis in this section is limited to only these households, for whichHIV status was available for at least one household member. This is the first time this type of analysishas been conducted on national data for Kenya, and thus comparisons to 2003 are not readilyavailable.Figure 14.5a Households with at least one HIV-infected adult aged 15-64 years, Kenya2007.20Percent of households (%)1010.9 11.3 11.00Rural Urban TotalFigure 14.5a Similar percentages of households in rural and urban areas wereaffected by HIV, with at least one HIV-infected member.Overall, 11.0% of households had at least one member infected with HIV. The estimates for rural andurban households were similar (10.9% and 11.3%, respectively). Nationally, this translates toapproximately 930,000 HIV‐affected households. According to the Ministry of Medical Servicesguidelines, as described in Chapter 11, all of these households are eligible for special services such assafe water systems (including safe water vessels and regular supplies of drinking water disinfectant),bednets and partner and family HIV counseling.KAIS 2007 247
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KAIS 2007 1
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P.O. Box: 9361 Code: 00202 Nairobi,
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KEMRIKNASPKNBSKshLLITNMCHmlμLMOMSM
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KEY FINDINGS: HIV PREVENTION• Amo
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Among HIV‐uninfected women, 71.2%
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Men 5.4 26.3 1.9Total 7.1 35.1 1.8O
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Kenya is also committed to the “T
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Table 1.4 Distribution of sampled c
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1.7 SURVEY IMPLEMENTATIONTrainingIn
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Data processing included a number o
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Characteristic 2003 KDHS 2007 KAISQ
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Figure 1.11 Sampled clusters and el
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Table 1.11c Survey response rates b
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Population estimates reported in th
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2.4 HIV PREVALENCE AMONG YOUTHFigur
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Figure 2.6b HIV prevalence among ru
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2.7 HIV PREVALENCE BY PROVINCEFigur
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Figure 2.7c Estimated number of HIV
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2.9 HIV PREVALENCE BY EDUCATION LEV
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Figure 2.10b HIV prevalence among r
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2.11 HIV PREVALENCE BY TIME AWAY FR
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2.13 MALE CIRCUMCISION AND ASSOCIAT
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Figure 2.13c HIV prevalence among c
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Comparison of HIV Prevalence in the
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3.3 SEXFigure 3.3a HIV prevalence a
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Figure 3.4b. HIV prevalence among m
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3.7 PROVINCEFigure 3.7a HIV prevale
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2003 KDHS 1 2007 KAIS 2Marital stat
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3.10 WEALTH INDEXFigure 3.10a HIV p
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DATA IN CONTEXT: APPROACHES TO HIV
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Figure 4.3c Ever been tested for HI
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Figure 4.3e Ever been tested for HI
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Figure 4.3g Women aged 15-49 years
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Figure 4.4a Time since last HIV tes
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Figure 4.5a Reasons for not testing
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Increasing access to HIV testing wi
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4.7. Gaps and unmet needs• Two‐
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Figure 5.3b Self-reported HIV statu
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This section examines participants
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Figure 5.5a Knowledge of HIV status
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Figure 5.5c Percent of partnerships
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uninfected. A couple was considered
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Figure 5.6c Women and men aged 15-6
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Sexual Partners, Sexual DebutCircum
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Figure 6.3b. HIV prevalence among w
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Figure 6.3d. HIV prevalence among w
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Figure 6.3f. Men aged 15-64 years r
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In this section, “consistent cond
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Figure 6.4c. Marital or cohabiting
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Figure 6.5b. Young women and men ag
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Figure 6.5d. Young women and men ag
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Figure 6.6a. Male circumcision amon
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Figure 6.6d. HIV prevalence among m
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Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs ch
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Figure 7.3b. Most common source of
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Figure 7.3c Women and men aged 15-6
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Figure 7.3e Overall scores for 12 q
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Figure 7.3g Women and men aged 15-6
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Figure 7.3i Correct responses to se
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• If a female teacher has the AID
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7.5. Perceived risk of HIV infectio
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Figure 7.5c Reasons given for havin
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7.6. Attitudes toward women’s rol
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who had never been tested for HIV o
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8.2 INTRODUCTIONIn the absence of i
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8.3 ANTENATAL CLINIC ATTENDANCE, 20
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8.4 KNOWLEDGE OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TR
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The analysis in this section consid
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Figure 8.5b Women aged 15-49 years
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• Incorrect communication or unde
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8.8 CURRENTLY PREGNANT WOMEN: HIV T
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Among currently pregnant women, 7.1
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Among pregnant, HIV‐uninfected wo
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Figure 8.11b Desire for a child in
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8.12 CONTRACEPTIVE USEThe next figu
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Figure 8.12c Contraceptive use* amo
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Blood and Injection Safety chapter
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D ATA IN C ONTEXT: N ATIONAL B LOOD
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Figure 9.3a Source of blood donatio
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Figure 9.3b Source of blood donatio
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Figure 9.3d Source of blood donatio
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9.4 Blood transfusionsAlthough the
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10080Injec tionsPillsNo preferenceW
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HIV prevalence among adults who rep
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9.6 Gaps and unmet needs• HIV pre
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The Ministry of Medical Services re
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10.3 COTRIMOXAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS FOR
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Coverage also varied significantly
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10.4 ARV ELIGIBILITY, COVERAGE AND
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ARV coverage was estimated by takin
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Figure 10.4b ARV coverage among HIV
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DATA IN CONTEXTEstimates of HIV-inf
Page 195 and 196: 10.5 GAPS AND UNMET NEEDS• The es
Page 197 and 198: debilitating illness leading to hos
Page 199 and 200: Among HIV‐infected adults (83.6%
Page 201 and 202: Figure 11.3d HIV-infected adults ag
Page 203 and 204: Figure 11.4b HIV-infected adults ag
Page 205 and 206: Figure 11.4d HIV-infected adults ag
Page 207 and 208: DATA IN CONTEXTHIV Basic Care Packa
Page 209 and 210: Figure 11.5b HIV-infected adults ag
Page 211 and 212: Figure 11.6b Percent of HIV-infecte
Page 213 and 214: 11.8 GAPS AND UNMET NEEDS• Counse
Page 215 and 216: 12.3 HSV-2 prevalenceHSV‐2 preval
Page 217 and 218: 807071.0WomenMen64.3HSV-2 Prevalenc
Page 219 and 220: Figure 12.3d HSV-2 prevalence among
Page 221 and 222: Figure 12.4b HSV-2 prevalence among
Page 223 and 224: Figure 12.5a HIV prevalence by HSV-
Page 225 and 226: Figure 12.6b Condom use during last
Page 227 and 228: 12.7 Gaps and unmet needs• Increa
Page 229 and 230: also at substantially elevated risk
Page 231 and 232: Figure 13.3b Prevalence of syphilis
Page 233 and 234: Figure 13.3d Prevalence of syphilis
Page 235 and 236: Figure 13.3f Prevalence of syphilis
Page 237 and 238: Figure 13.4b Prevalence of syphilis
Page 239 and 240: 13.6 GAPS AND UNMET NEEDS• Patien
Page 241 and 242: Household Characteristics andImpact
Page 243 and 244: Figure 14.3a Sex of head of househo
Page 245: Figure 14.3d Household population,
Page 249 and 250: Figure 14.5c HIV-affected household
Page 251 and 252: social and economic conditions of h
Page 253 and 254: households used chemical disinfecta
Page 255 and 256: 14.7 HOUSEHOLD OWNERSHIP OF MOSQUIT
Page 257 and 258: Figure 14.7b HIV-affected and HIV-u
Page 259 and 260: Table 14.7b Source of bednets among
Page 261 and 262: Overall, 52.3% percent of children
Page 263 and 264: 14.9 CARE AND SUPPORT FOR ORPHANS A
Page 265 and 266: For consistency with other populati
Page 267: Returning Test Results15.1 KEY FIND
Page 270 and 271: Figure 15.3b. Participants aged 15-
Page 272 and 273: Figure 15.3d. Participants aged 15-
Page 274 and 275: Figure 15.3f. Participants aged 15-
Page 276 and 277: 15.4 RETURNING TO RECEIVE TEST RESU
Page 278 and 279: Figure 15.5 Women aged 15-64 years
Page 280 and 281: Methods of the 2007 KAISThis Append
Page 282 and 283: ClustersHouseholdsProvince Rural Ur
Page 284 and 285: and treatment services and other he
Page 286 and 287: The KEMRI Ethical Review Committee
Page 288 and 289: Red top (5 ml)Whole blood collected
Page 290 and 291: algorithm using two HIV EIAs (Viron
Page 292 and 293: Figure A5.a. Structure and flow of
Page 294 and 295: Recruitment and training of results
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observe confidentiality of particip
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Documentation. Results counsellors
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Normalisation of weightsNormalised
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This report presents the results of
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